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The document outlines a comprehensive approach to conducting motor exams, including assessments of fasciculations, tone, muscle bulk, power, and reflexes. It details the scoring system for muscle strength (0-5) and provides specific tests for various muscle groups in the arms and legs. Additionally, it mentions the Babinski reflex and clonus as indicators of upper and lower motor neuron lesions, along with potential causes for each condition.

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Selorm Gadzekpo
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6 views2 pages

Text

The document outlines a comprehensive approach to conducting motor exams, including assessments of fasciculations, tone, muscle bulk, power, and reflexes. It details the scoring system for muscle strength (0-5) and provides specific tests for various muscle groups in the arms and legs. Additionally, it mentions the Babinski reflex and clonus as indicators of upper and lower motor neuron lesions, along with potential causes for each condition.

Uploaded by

Selorm Gadzekpo
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as TXT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Motor exams

Inspect for any visible fasciculations


Spontaneous
Induced fasciculations

Tone
Raise and drop linens to assess the tone
Rotate the leg
• increased tone moves doesn’t move easily
• Decreased tone moves easily
Check the tone at the joints
⁃ shoulder
⁃ Elbow
⁃ Wrist
⁃ The hip joint
◦ Abduct
◦ Adduct
◦ Flex
◦ Extend
Bulk
The opposite is atrophy (look for atrophy)
Check to the muscle bulk in the limbs

Power
Scored from 0-5
Normal is 5

Plaegia
0 - No movement
1 - Flicker of movement (trace)
2 - Active movement without gravity ( side to side)
3 - active movement against gravity
4 - Active movement against resistance
5 - Normal strength

In the limbs
Arms
⁃ shoulder (abduct and adduct)
⁃ Tricep (extension)
⁃ Bicep (flexion)
⁃ Wrists (flexion & Extension)
Legs
⁃ Hips (flexion, extension, abduction, adduction)
⁃ Quadriceps (extension)
⁃ Hamstrings (flexion)
⁃ Ankle (abduction, adduction, flexion and extension)

REFLEXES
⁃ hyporeflexia
⁃ Hyper-reflexia

Arms
⁃ Biceps (antecubital fossa)
⁃ Tricep (elbow)
⁃ Wrist (work inwards
Lower limbs
⁃ Quadriceps (knee reflex)
⁃ Ankle (Dorsiflex fully, extend, find the ankle and work inwards)
Barbinsky Reflex
Equivocal - didn’t move
Normal -

Clonus - Lift the leg off the bed and forcefully dorsiflex.

1. Classic signs of upper and lower motor neuron lesions


2. And list causes under each.

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