Year 9

Mathematics
Unit 14

Name: ___________________________________

Class: ____________________________________
 Contents Page
1 Angles in Polygons
2 Drawing Straight Line Graphs
3 Basic Vectors
4 Reflections, Rotations and Translations
5 Invariant Points
6 2D Pythagoras’ Theorem

See unit 14 course on drfrostmaths.com

Page 3
1 Angles in Polygons

Page 23
 Frayer Model – Polygons
Definition Characteristics

Examples Non-Examples

Page 25
 Frayer Model – Regular Polygons
Definition Characteristics

Examples Non-Examples

Page 26
Fluency Practice

Page 27
Interior and Exterior Angles

Page 28
Interior Angles

Page 29
Sum of Interior Angles

Page 30
 Worked Example Your Turn
Find the sum of interior angles of this polygon. Find the sum of interior angles of this polygon.

Page 34
 Worked Example Your Turn
Find the sum of the interior angles of a polygon with 30 sides. Find the sum of the interior angles of a polygon with 60 sides.

Page 37
 Worked Example Your Turn
Find angle $. Find angle $.

Page 40
 Worked Example Your Turn
The sum of the interior angles of a polygon is 3240°. How The sum of the interior angles of a polygon is 6840°. How
many sides does the polygon have? many sides does the polygon have?

Page 45
Fill in the Gaps

Page 49
Exterior Angles

Page 51
Sum of Exterior Angles

Page 52
 Worked Example Your Turn
Find angle $. Find angle $.

Page 53
 Worked Example Your Turn
Find angle $. Find angle $.

Page 56
 Worked Example Your Turn
A regular polygon has 12 sides. Find the size of each exterior A regular polygon has 48 sides. Find the size of each exterior
angle. angle.

Page 61
 Worked Example Your Turn
A regular polygon has 12 sides. Find the size of each interior A regular polygon has 48 sides. Find the size of each interior
angle. angle.

Page 66
 Worked Example Your Turn
A section of a two different regular polygons are show below. A section of a two different regular polygons are show below.
How many sides do they each have? How many sides do they each have?

Page 71
 Worked Example Your Turn
The interior angle of a regular polygon is 160°. How many The interior angle of a regular polygon is 140°. How many
sides does the polygon have? sides does the polygon have?

Page 76
 Worked Example Your Turn
The size of each interior angle of a regular polygon is 9 times The size of each interior angle of a regular polygon is 11 times
the size of each exterior angle. How many sides does the the size of each exterior angle. How many sides does the
polygon have? polygon have?

Page 79
 Worked Example Your Turn
These are regular polygons. Find $. These are regular polygons. Find $.

Page 80
Fill in the Gaps

Page 85
Problem Solving with Interior and Exterior Angles

Page 87
 Worked Example Your Turn
The repeating pattern consists of three regular polygons, A The diagram shows 4 congruent regular pentagons that form
(hexagon), B (square) and C. Determine how many sides C has. the sides of an +-sided regular polygon. Determine the value of
+.

Page 88
 Worked Example Your Turn
The diagram shows a regular pentagon. ,- and ./ are two of The diagram shows a regular pentagon and a regular hexagon
the lines of symmetry of the pentagon. Work out the size of which overlap. What is the value of $?
the angle marked $.

Page 89
 Worked Example Your Turn
,-./ is a square and ./0123 is a regular hexagon. The diagram shows a square inside a regular hexagon. What is
Determine the angle .-3. the size of the marked angle at 4?

Page 90
Exercise 3 Fluency Practice Exercise 3
[KS3 SATs 2004 L6-L8 Paper 2 3 [Edexcel IGCSE Nov-2010-4H Q13] 5
1 The size of each interior angle of a A regular polygon / is surrounded by squares and
Q19 Edited]
A pupil has three tiles. One is a regular polygon is 11 times the size equilateral triangles in an alternating pattern, as
regular octagon, one is a of each exterior angle. Work out the shown. Show that / is a hexagon.
regular hexagon, and one is a number of sides the polygon has.
Interior : Exterior = 11 : 1. Interior angle of 0 = %&' − )' − )' − &' = *,'°
/
square. The side length of each ? !"#
Exterior angle = *+' − *,' = &'°
tile is the same. The pupil says
Exterior = !"#° ÷ !&° = !( → * = = &+
$%
!"# ?
the hexagon will fit exactly like .= = & so a hexagon.
"#
this. Is the pupil correct?
No, as 120 + 45 + 165 = 4
?
270° which is not 2-5°.

2
A regular polygon ! with " sides is surrounded
6 by squares and regular pentagons in an
alternating pattern, as shown. Determine the
[Edexcel GCSE Nov2014-1H Q17] ABCDEFGH is a
regular octagon. BCKFGJ is a hexagon. JK is a line value of ".
of symmetry of the hexagon. Angle !"# = angle
[Edexcel IGCSE Nov2009-3H Q3a]
%&' = 140°. Work out the size of angle KFE. Interior angle of # = %&' − )' − *'+ = *&,°
Total interior angle of !"#$%& = ()* + − - = .-*°. Exterior angle = *+' − *&, = *+°
The diagram shows a regular octagon, with .-* − (1* − (1*
! ?
centre O. Work out the value of ,.
!,(
∠#$% = ?1
= ((*° .=
!"#
$%
= ,' sides
?
Half an interior angle of octagon: &
= -.. 0° → ∠#$3 = (45 − ((* = -5°

Exercise 3 Exercise 2
[IMC 2005 Q14] Ten stones, of Find all regular polygons which tessellate (when restricted only to one type of polygon).
7 [IMC 2003 Q22] The diagram 9
identical shape and size, are used to
11
?
shows a regular dodecagon (a
polygon with twelve equal sides make an arch, as shown in the Equilateral triangle, square, hexagon.
and equal angles). What is the size diagram. Each stone has a cross-
of the marked angle? section in the shape of a trapezium
with three equal sides. What is the By thinking about interior angles, prove that the regular polygons you identified above are
.0° N
? size of the smallest angles of the the only regular polygons which tessellate.
trapezium?
Method 1: The possible exterior angles of a regular polygons are the factors of 360 less
8 [JMO 2014 B1] than 180: 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 8, 9, 10, 12, 15, 18, 20, 24, 30, 36, 40, 45, 60, 72, 90, 120
The figure shows an equilateral ?
))° This gives interior angles of 179, 178, ..., 140, 135, 120, 108, 90, 60.
triangle ABC, a square BCDE, and
a regular pentagon BEFGH.
To tessellate, the interior angle has to divide 360. Only 120, 90 and 60 does. This
What is the difference between corresponds to a hexagon, square and equilateral triangle.
the sizes of ∠ADE and ∠AHE?

10 [IMC 2018 Q18] The ?

Method 2: 360 divided by the interior angle must give a whole number, in order for the
!"#
regular polygon to tessellate. Interior angle is ()* − $ , so
!"#
diagram shows a regular !"# = 6 for some constant
%&#'
$
pentagon and an
?
'° equilateral triangle placed
6. Simplifying this gives 67 − -6 − -7 = *
This factorises to 6 − - 7 − - = 1
inside a square. What is
the value of ,? This only numbers which multiply to give 4 are (×1 or -×- or 1×(. This 7 = +, 1 or 4 in
&+° (e.g. by first considering the
each case.
?
angles in the bottom irregular
pentagon)

Page 91
 Interior and Exterior Angle Rules

All Polygons Regular Polygons

!"#$%&'% (")*$ + ,-#$%&'% (")*$ = 180° 360°
,=>ℎ ,-#$%&'% (")*$ =
"
345 '6 !"#$%&'% (")*$7 = " − 2 × 180°
360°
,=>ℎ !"#$%&'% (")*$ = 180° −
345 '6 ,-#$%&'% (")*$7 = 360° "

Page 97
 POLYGONS
INTERIOR AND EXTERIOR ANGLES
Fluency Practice
Ref: G424. 5R1
A1 A2 A3 A4
Write down a formula that allows Write down a formula that relates Write down a formula that allows Work out the size of an exterior
you to calculate the size of an the size of an exterior angle (E) and you to calculate the sum (S) of the angle of a regular polygon with
exterior angle (E) of a regular the size of an interior angle (I) of a interior angles in a regular polygon 5 sides
polygon with n sides. polygon. with n sides.

B1 B2 B3 B4
Work out the size of an interior angle Each exterior angle of a regular Each interior angle of a regular Find the sum of the interior angles
of a regular polygon with 9 sides polygon is 15º. polygon is 156º. of a polygon with 7 sides
Work out the number of sides the Work out the number of sides the
polygon has. polygon has.

C1 C2 C3 C4
The size of each exterior angle of a The sum of the interior angles of a The size of each interior angle of a The size of each interior angle of a
regular polygon is 18°. polygon is 2700º. regular polygon is 140º bigger than regular polygon is 11 times the size
Work out the sum of the interior Work out the number of sides the the size of each exterior angle. of each exterior angle.
angles of the polygon. polygon has. Work out the number of sides the Work out the number of sides the
polygon has. polygon has.

D1 D2 D3 D4
The size of each interior angle of a An exterior angle of regular polygon An interior angle of regular polygon The sum of the interior angles in
regular polygon with n sides is 144°. A is 30º bigger than an exterior C is 10º smaller than an interior polygon E is 900º more than the
Work out the size of each interior angle of regular polygon B. angle of regular polygon D. sum of the interior angles in
angle of a regular polygon with 2n Polygon A has 9 sides. Find the Polygon C has 12 sides. Find the polygon F. The total number of
sides. number of sides of polygon B. number of sides of polygon D. sides of the two polygons is 25.
How many sides in each polygon?
© 2018 Maths4Everyone.com Worksheets, Videos, Interactive Quizzes and Exam Solutions

Page 98
Extra Notes

Page 101
2 Drawing Straight Line Graphs

Page 103
 Worked Example Your Turn
Plot the graph of 5 = 2$ + 1 for the values −2 ≤ $ ≤ 2 Plot the graph of 5 = 4$ + 2 for the values −2 ≤ $ ≤ 2

$ $

5 5

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 Worked Example Your Turn
Plot the graph of 5 = −2$ + 1 for the values −2 ≤ $ ≤ 2 Plot the graph of 5 = −4$ − 2 for the values −2 ≤ $ ≤ 2

$ $

5 5

Page 105
 Completing a Table of Values Worksheet
Fluency Practice
Complete each of the tables of values below.

1) y = 2x + 3 2) y = 2x + 4

x -2 -1 0 1 2 x -2 -1 0 1 2
y y

3) y = 2x + 5 4) y = 3x + 5

x -2 -1 0 1 2 x -2 -1 0 1 2
y y

5) y = 3x + 1 6) y = 3x - 1

x -2 -1 0 1 2 x -2 -1 0 1 2
y y

7) y = 3x - 2 8) y = 3x - 3

x -2 -1 0 1 2 x -2 -1 0 1 2
y y

9) y = 3x - 5 10) y = 4x - 5

x -2 -1 0 1 2 x -2 -1 0 1 2
y y

11) y = -4x - 5 12) y = -2x - 5

x -2 -1 0 1 2 x -2 -1 0 1 2
y y

13) y = -½x - 5 14) y = ½x + ¾

x -2 -1 0 1 2 x -2 -1 0 1 2
y y

Page 106
 Worked Example Your Turn
Plot the graph of 2$ + 5 = 8 for the values −2 ≤ $ ≤ 2 Plot the graph of 2$ − 5 = 8 for the values −2 ≤ $ ≤ 2

$ $

5 5

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 Worked Example Your Turn
Plot the graph of $ + 25 = 8 for the values −2 ≤ $ ≤ 2 Plot the graph of $ − 25 = 8 for the values −2 ≤ $ ≤ 2

$ $

5 5

Page 109
Extra Notes

Page 115
 3 Basic Vectors
A vector has magnitude (how long it is) and direction.

!
Column Vector: "
where $ is movement right or left and 5 is movement up or down. Right and up are taken to be positive.

Page 116
 Worked Example Your Turn
Write the vector ,- in column form Write the vector ,- in column form

Page 117
Fluency Practice

Page 118
Fluency Practice

Page 119
 Worked Example Your Turn
2 2
:= :=
3 3

Find 3a Find -2a

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Fluency Practice

Page 122
 Worked Example Your Turn
2 5 2 5
:= ;= := ;=
3 7 3 7

Find 2a - b Find 3a + 2b

Page 123
Extra Notes

Page 126
4 Reflections, Rotations and Translations

Page 128
 Reflections
A transformation that flips all points so that they are the same distance from a given mirror line as the original points, but in
the opposite direction.

• Shapes flip over a mirror line.

• A shape and its reflection lie perfectly on top of each other if the page is folded in the mirror line.
• Produces a congruent shape.

To fully describe a reflection, you need to give two pieces of information:

1. Type of Transformation: Reflection
2. The Line of Reflection:
• $ − axis or 5 − axis
• 5 = ‘a number’ or $ = ‘a number’
• 5 = $ or 5 = −$

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 Worked Example Your Turn
Reflect in the $-axis Reflect in the $-axis

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 Worked Example Your Turn
Reflect in the 5-axis Reflect in the 5-axis

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 Worked Example Your Turn
Reflect in the line 5 = 1 Reflect in the line 5 = 2

Reflect in the line $ = 3 Reflect in the line $ = 1

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 Worked Example Your Turn
Reflect in the line 5 = x Reflect in the line 5 = x

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 Worked Example Your Turn
Reflect in the line 5 = −$ Reflect in the line 5 = −$

Page 135
 Worked Example Your Turn
Describe the single transformation of the red object onto the Describe the single transformation of the red object onto the
green image green image

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! !

Re#lections Re#lections
Videos 272, 273 & 274 on www.corbettmaths.com Fluency Practice Videos 272, 273 & 274 on www.corbettmaths.com

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Examples iiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiii Question 2: Re#lect each shape in the mirror line given
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Workout Click here

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*There are templates for questions 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 and 6 at the end of this exercise

Question 1: Re#lect each shape in the mirror line given

(a) (b) (c) (d) (e) (f)

(d) (e) (f) Question 3: Find the mirror line for each of the re#lections below.

(a) (b) (c)

(g) (h) (i)

(d) (e) (f)

© CORBETTMATHS 2017 © CORBETTMATHS 2017

Page 137
 Fluency Practice
! !

Re#lections Re#lections
Videos 272, 273 & 274 on www.corbettmaths.com Videos 272, 273 & 274 on www.corbettmaths.com
Question 4:
(a) (b) (c) Question 6:

(a) (b) (c)

(d) (e) (f)

Question 7: Describe fully the single transformation that takes shape A to shape B.

(a) (b) (c)

Question 5:
(a) (b) (c)

(d) (e) (f)

(d) (e) (f)

© CORBETTMATHS 2017 © CORBETTMATHS 2017

Page 138
!

Re#lections
Fluency Practice
Videos 272, 273 & 274 on www.corbettmaths.com

(g) (h)

Answers

Click here

Page 139
 Rotations
A transformation that turns all points through a given angle, in a given direction, around a given centre.

• Shapes turn around a centre point.

• Produces a congruent shape.

To fully describe a rotation, you need to give four pieces of information:

1. Type of Transformation: Rotation
2. Angle (in degrees): 90°, 180°, 270°
3. Direction: Clockwise or Anticlockwise
4. Centre of Rotation: Coordinate ($, 5)

Page 146
 Worked Example Your Turn
Rotate 90° clockwise about the origin Rotate 90° clockwise about the origin

Rotate 90° anticlockwise about the origin Rotate 90° anticlockwise about the origin

Page 147
 Worked Example Your Turn
Rotate 90° clockwise about (1, −1) Rotate 90° clockwise about (1, −1)

Rotate 90° anticlockwise about (1, −1) Rotate 90° anticlockwise about (1, −1)

Page 148
 Worked Example Your Turn
Rotate 180° about the origin Rotate 180° about the origin

Rotate 180° about (1, −1) Rotate 180° about (1, −1)

Page 149
 Worked Example Your Turn
Describe the single transformation of the red object onto the Describe the single transformation of the red object onto the
green image. green image.

Page 150
! !

Rotations Rotations
Video 275 on www.corbettmaths.com Fluency Practice Video 275 on www.corbettmaths.com

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Examples iiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiii Question 2: Rotate each of the shapes below as instructed, using the origin, (0,0), as the
iiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiii centre of rotation.
iiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiii (a) (b) (c)
iiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiii
Workout iiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiii
Click here
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*There are templates for questions 1, 2 and 3 at the end of this exercise

Question 1: Rotate each of the shapes below as instructed, using P as the centre of rotation.

(a) (b) (c)

(d) (e) (f)

(d) (e) (f)

(g) (h) (i)

(g) (h) (i)

© CORBETTMATHS 2017 © CORBETTMATHS 2017

Page 151
! !

Rotations Rotations
Video 275 on www.corbettmaths.com Fluency Practice Video 275 on www.corbettmaths.com

Question 3: Rotate each of the shapes below as instructed. Question 4: Describe fully the single transformation that takes shape A to shape B.

(a) (b) (c) (a) (b) (c)

(d) (e) (f)

(d) (e) (f)

(g) (h) (i)

Answers iiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiii
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Click here
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© CORBETTMATHS 2017
Page 152 © CORBETTMATHS 2017
 Translations
A transformation that moves all points the same fixed distance.

• Shapes move or “slide” a distance horizontally and/or vertically.

• On a rectangular grid, often described using a column vector.

To fully describe a translation, you need to give two pieces of information:

1. Type of Transformation: Translation
2. Column Vector: "! where $ is movement right or left and 5 is movement up or down. Right and up are taken to be positive.

Page 157
 Worked Example Your Turn
# $
Translate by vector $
Translate by vector #

$ #
Translate by vector %#
Translate by vector %$

Page 160
 Worked Example Your Turn
%$ %#
Translate by vector %#
Translate by vector %$

# %& $ %'
Translate by vector %$
and then by vector '
Translate by vector %#
and then by vector &

Page 161
 Worked Example Your Turn
Describe the single transformation of the red object onto the Describe the single transformation of the red object onto the
green image. green image.

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! !

Translations Translations
Video 325, 326 on www.corbettmaths.com Fluency Practice Video 325, 326 on www.corbettmaths.com

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Examples iiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiii Question 3: Translate each of the shapes below as instructed.
iiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiii
iiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiii (a) (b) (c)
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Workout iiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiii
Click here
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*There are templates for questions 1 and 3 at the end of this exercise.

Question 1: Translate each of the shapes below as instructed.

(a) (b) (c)

(d) (e) (f)

(d) (e) (f)

Question 4: Describe fully the single transformation that takes shape A to shape B

(a) (b)

Question 2: Describe fully each translation that takes shape A to shape B

(a) (b) (c)

© CORBETTMATHS 2017 © CORBETTMATHS 2017

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! !

Translations
Fluency Practice
Video 325, 326 on www.corbettmaths.com Video 32

(c) (d) Templates

Question 1

(a)

Question 5: The translation vector to take shape C to shape D is

What translation vector takes shape D to shape C?

Question 6: Edward has been asked to translate shape E by (c)

He has labelled his answer shape F

Can you spot any mistakes?

Answers
Page 164
Extra Notes

Page 169
 5 Invariant Points
If something is invariant, then that means it does not change. In terms of transformations, an invariant point is any point on the
shape that hasn’t moved after the transformation has been done.

For example, when we rotated shape A, the bottom left corner of it did not move. As a result, the bottom left corner is an
invariant point.

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! !

Invariant Points
Video 392 on www.corbettmaths.com
Fluency Practice Invariant Points
Video 392 on www.corbettmaths.com

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Examples iiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiii Question 5: ABCD is a trapezium
iiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiii
iiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiii (a) Enlarge ABCD by scale factor −2, with
iiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiii centre of enlargement (1, − 2)
iiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiii
(b) Are there any invariant points?
Workout Click here
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iiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiii If so, which point(s) are invariant?

Question 1: ABCD is a square.

( −1 )
−3 Question 6: ABC is a triangle.
(a) Translate ABCD using vector
(a) Rotate ABC 90° clockwise about (1, 0)
(b) Are there any invariant points?
If so, which point(s) are invariant? (b) Are there any invariant points?
If so, which point(s) are invariant?

Question 7: A sketch of triangle ABC is shown

Question 2: ABC is an isosceles triangle.
For each transformation below, write down the letter(s)
(a) ReMlect ABC in the x-axis of any vertices that are invariant.

(b) Are there any invariant points? (a) Rotation 180° about the point A
If so, which point(s) are invariant?
(b) Enlargement by scale factor ½ with centre (2, 6)

(c) ReMlection in the line x = 5

Question 3: ABCD is a rectangle. (d) ReMlection in the line y = x

(a) Enlarge ABCD by scale factor 2, with (e) ReMlection in the line y = 2
centre of enlargement (−2,2)

(b) Are there any invariant points? Question 8: A sketch of quadrilateral ABCD is shown.
If so, which point(s) are invariant?
For each transformation below, write down the letter(s)
of any vertices that are invariant.

Question 4: ABCD is a square (a) ReMlection in the line y = 8

(a) ReMlect ABCD in the line y = x (b) Enlargement by scale factor −4 with centre A

(b) Are there any invariant points? (c) ReMlection in the line x = 3
If so, which point(s) are invariant?
(d) ReMlection in the line y = x
© CORBETTMATHS 2019 © CORBETTMATHS 2019

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! !

Invariant Points
Video 392 on www.corbettmaths.com Fluency Practice Invariant Points
Video 392 on www.corbettmaths.com

Apply Question 5: Here is quadrilateral ABCD

ABCD is reMlected in the line x = − 1

Question 1: ABC is a triangle. followed by a reMlection in the line y = − x
followed by a rotation of 180° about (−1, − 1)
Describe fully a single transformation of ABC so that:
Which of the vertices are invariant?
(a) None of the vertices are invariant.

(b) Exactly one vertex is invariant.

(c) Exactly two vertices are invariant.

Question 2: Here is triangle ABC

Olivia says “if ABC is reMlected in the line x = − 3 Question 6: Shown is triangle ABC
there is one invariant point.”
ABC is rotated 180° about (−1, 2) and then
Amelia says “if ABC is reMlected in the line y = − 2
( −4 )
2
there are two invariant points.” translated by the vector

Isla says “if ABC is reMlected in the line x = 1 Write down the coordinate of the invariant point.
there are two vertices that are invariant.”

Which student is incorrect? Explain your answer.

Question 3: Here is a sketch of triangle ABC.

Describe fully a single transformation of ABC so that iiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiii

all the points on AC are invariant and the point B is not Answers iiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiii
invariant. iiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiii
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Click here
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Question 4: Here is shape ABCDEF

Describe fully single transformations so that from

the six vertices:

(a) only vertices B and C are invariant.

(b) only vertex F is invariant.

(c) only vertices B, D and F are invariant.

© CORBETTMATHS 2019 © CORBETTMATHS 2019

Page 172
Invariance activity sheet
Fluency Practice
Amber
Match the transformation to the invariant points for the triangle ABC
(a) Reflection in the line y = 7
(b) Reflection in the line y = x - 5 A
(c) Rotation around the centre (7, 7)
(d) Reflection in the line x + y = 4 B
(e) Reflection in the line y = x
(f) Reflection in the line x = 7 C
(g) Reflection in the line y = 2x - 2
(h) Reflection in the line y = ½x + 1

Green
Write a transformation that would leave the correct points in the triangle ABC invariant for each
region of the Venn diagram. Try and put at least one transformation in each region.

A B

Red
Complete these sentences:
a) When triangle ABC is reflected in the line y = 2 the invariant points are ……… & …………
b) When triangle ABC is rotated using centre (7, 2), the invariant point is ……………………
c) When triangle ABC is reflected in the line y = x, the invariant points are ……….. & …………..
d) When triangle ABC is reflected in the line x + y = 9, the invariant point is ………………………..
e) When triangle ABC is………………………………………………………. ………the invariant points are A and B.
f) When triangle ABC reflected in the line …………………………………….. the only invariant point is C. C

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Extra Notes

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6 2D Pythagoras’ Theorem

Page 181
Hypotenuse

Page 186
Fluency Practice

Page 187
Fluency Practice

Page 188
Pythagoras’ Theorem

Page 189
 Worked Example Your Turn
Calculate the unknown side in this triangle. Find the sum of interior angles of this polygon.

Page 190
 Worked Example Your Turn
Calculate the unknown side in this triangle. Give your answer Calculate the unknown side in this triangle. Give your answer
to 2 decimal places. to 2 decimal places.

Page 191
 Fluency Practice
Trigonometry T/2
Use Pythagoras' theorem to find the length of the hypotenuse marked ? in each of these right-angled triangles.
Drawings are NOT to scale.

1 2 3
?
8 ? ? 28
56

15
21
33

4 20
45 5 6

77 36
28
? ? 21

39
7 8 9
?
? 60
52
44 ?
117

63

10 11 12
208
105
51 140
? ?

? 36 105

13 1.7 14 15 6.8
24
?
?
?

14.4 16.1
28.5

© Frank Tapson 2004 [trolPT:7]

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 Converse of Pythagoras’ Theorem
If Pythagoras' theorem holds true (i.e. if N2 + O2 = M2) then the triangle must be right-angled.

Page 193
 Worked Example Your Turn
Work out if this triangle is right-angled or not. Work out if this triangle is right-angled or not.

Page 194
 Fluency Practice
Trigonometry T/1
Use Pythagoras' theorem to decide whether each of these triangles is right-angled or not.
Drawings are NOT to scale..

1 2
3 4
19
8
25 13
19 5 28
? 21
15 ?
? 12 ?
14 20

5 6 7 8

73 48
41 39 96
37 64
35
?
55
? ?
? 12
12 72

9 10 11 65 12 ? 16
81 ?
?
109 15
91 87 72 63 65
97
?
60

13 14 15 16
125
? 85 ?
138 53 153
46 132
118 ? 187 ?
151 157
104

17 18 19 20
? 6
21 ?
22.1 0.95 1.72
15.6
22.3
? 20.5
22.9
1.91

22 ?

13.3
© Frank Tapson 2004 [trolPT:6]

Page 195
 Worked Example Your Turn
Calculate the unknown side in this triangle. Calculate the unknown side in this triangle.

Page 196
 Worked Example Your Turn
Calculate the unknown side in this triangle. Give your answer Calculate the unknown side in this triangle. Give your answer
to 2 decimal places. to 2 decimal places.

Page 197
 Fluency Practice
Trigonometry T/4
Use Pythagoras' theorem to find the length of the edge marked ?, OR decide whether the triangle is right-angled or not
Drawings are NOT to scale.

1 2 3

61 60
75 ?
49 72

?
?
56
21

4 5 6 37
84 ?
99 ?
13
? 78
85

101

7 8 9
? ?
140 171
149
51 52
165

221
?

10 11 12
168 252
? 153 193
?

115
?
104
13 5.8 14 15
? ?
28.1
26.0
18.5
?
17.7
26.9
16.0

© Frank Tapson 2004 [trolPT:9]

Page 198
 Worked Example Your Turn
Find the length of AB where A(−1, −4) and B(4, 3). Find the length of AB where A(−2, −3) and B(8, 11).

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! !

Distance Between Two Points Distance Between Two Points

Videos 88, 185, 258 on www.corbettmaths.com Fluency Practice Videos 88, 185, 258 on www.corbettmaths.com

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Round answers to 2dp iiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiii
Workout iiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiii
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Question 1: Calculate the length of the line joining the points A and B.

(a) (b) (c)

Question 5: Calculate the distance between the following pairs of coordinates

(a) (5, 1) and (9, 6) (b) (1, 4) and (10, 10) (c) (0, 0) and (6, 8)

(d) (2.5, 3) and (8, 0) (e) (−6, 2) and (8, 3) (f) (−5, −9) and (−3, 8)

(g) (−5, 7) and (−3, −2) (h) (−9, −9) and (3, −20) (i) (−4, 0) and (0, −4)

Question 2: Calculate the length of the line joining the points A and B.

(a) (b) (c) Apply

Question 1: Calculate the perimeter of triangle ABC.

Question 2: The distance between the points (1, 2) and (16, p) is 17.
Find the possible values of p.
Question 3: Calculate the length of the line joining the point A and B.

(a) (b) (c) Question 3: The distance between the points (−3, −4) and (q, 5) is 15.
Find the possible values of q.

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Answers iiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiii
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Click here
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© CORBETTMATHS 2019 © CORBETTMATHS 2019

Page 200
 Worked Example Your Turn
Calculate $. Calculate 5.

Page 202
 Worked Example Your Turn
Find the area of this triangle. Find the area of this triangle.

Page 203
 Worked Example Your Turn
Calculate $. Calculate 5.

Page 204
 AA BB CC DD EE 2.8cm
2.8
2.8 cm
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8.5 cm 6.8 cm 8.5 cm 6.8 cm 8.5 cm
PYTHAGORAS
4.1 cm 3.5 cm
Fluency Practice 3.5 cm 3.5cm
4.1 cm

B
MIXED QUESTIONS
AA A
10.3 B BB
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Ref: G451. 1R1 B
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D A A 4.6Ccm C8.4 cm D DD D E A 3.8Acm C5.6 cm D D
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A A B A CA B AC B C BB
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6.7 cm
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cm 6.8cm
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AA 7.2 cm
DD 7.2 cmDD 4.1
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CC D CCC 8.4
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BB AA A BB B AA A BBB A AAA BB A A B A
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BB
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AA CCC
A BBB
C1 Find length CD C2 Find length AC C3 AA Find length BC C4 Find length CD
DD
D CC 8.6
8.6cm
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6.3
6.3
B6.3
B cmcm
cm B 6.3
6.3 cm
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C 4.2 cm B
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DD AAA 3.8 cm DD
D A DD A D D
C CC
4.6cm
4.6 cm C C8.4
4.6Ccm 8.4cm
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5.6cm
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A A4.6 cm5.6Ccm

© 2017AMaths4Everyone.com
A B Worksheets,
B Videos, InteractiveAQuizzes and Exam Solutions
AA A BB A CC B C A
DD D 8.6cm
8.6 cm 8.6 cm D
9.8cm
9.8 6.3 cm
cm 6.3 cm 9.8 cm 6.7cm
6.7 Page 205 6.3 cm
cm 6.3 cm 6.7 cm 9.8 cm
7.2cm
7.2 cm 7.2 cm 7.2 cm
Extra Notes

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