Geometry 3c Theorems and Proofs Practice questions

2.

Given: 1 and 2 are complementary,

3 and 4 are complementary,
1 4

Prove: 2 3

Proof:

Statements Reasons
1. 1 and 2 are complements,
3 and 4 are complements, 1. Given
1 4
2. m 1 + m 2 = 90° 2. Definition of complementary
m 3 + m 4 = 90° angles
3. m 1 + m 2 = m 3 + m 4 3. Transitive property of equality
4. m 1 = m 4 4.
5. Substitution property of
5. m 1 + m 2 = m 3 + m 1
equality
6. Subtraction property of
6. m 2 = m 3
equality
7. Definition of congruent
7. 2 3
angles

Which of the following reasons completes the proof?

A. Definition of complementary angles
B. Definition of congruent angles
C. Right angle congruence theorem
D. Transitive property of angle congruence
3.

Given: 1 2,
1 and 2 are a linear pair

Prove: p q

Proof:

Statements Reasons
1. 1 and 2 are a linear
1. Given
pair
2. 1 and 2 are
2. Linear pair postulate
supplementary
3. Definition of supplementary
3. m 1 + m 2 = 180°
angles
4. 1 2 4. Given
5. Definition of congruent
5. m 1 = m 2
angles
6. Substitution property of
6. m 1 + m 1 = 180°
equality
7. 2 · (m 1) = 180° 7. Distributive property
8. m 1 = 90° 8. Division property of equality
9. 1 is a right angle 9. Definition of a right angle
10. p q 10.

Which of the following reasons completes the proof?

A. Congruent supplements theorem
B. Definition of parallel lines
 C. Linear pair postulate
D. Definition of perpendicular lines

4.

Given: g h

Prove: 1 and 2 are supplementary

Proof:

Statements Reasons
1. g h 1. Given
2. 1 3 2.
3. m 1 = m 3 3. Definition of congruent angles
4. 2 and 3 are
4. Linear pair postulate
supplementary
5. Definition of supplementary
5. m 3 + m 2 = 180°
angles
6. Substitution property of
6. m 1 + m 2 = 180°
equality
7. 1 and 2 are 7. Definition of supplementary
supplementary angles

Which of the following reasons completes the proof?

A. Alternate interior angles theorem
B. Definition of linear pair
C. Alternate exterior angles theorem
 D. Definition of congruent angles

6.

Given: ABC with exterior 4

Prove: m 4 = m 1 + m 2

Proof:

Statements Reasons

1. ABC with exterior 4 Given

2. m 4 + m 3 = 180° Linear Pair

3. m 1 + m 2 + m 3 = 180° Triangle Sum Theorem

4. Substitution Property

5. m 4 = m 1 + m 2 Subtraction Property

Which of the following reasons completes the proof?

A. m 4 + m 3 = m 1 + m 2 + m 4
B. m 1 + m 2 + m 4 = 180°
C. m 1 + m 3 + m 4 = 180°
D. m 4 + m 3 = m 1 + m 2 + m 3

7. Given m M = 25° and M P, determine the missing reason to prove MNP is obtuse.
 Statements Reasons
m M = 25° and M P given
m P = 25° transitive property of equality
m M + m N + m P = 180°
25° + m N + 25° = 180° substitution
m N = 130° addition property of equality
N is obtuse definition of obtuse angle
MNP is obtuse definition of obtuse triangle

The square of the length of the third side of a triangle is equal to the sum of the squares of
A.
the other two sides.
B. The sum of the interior angles of a triangle equals 180°.
C. Adjacent angles in a triangle are congruent.
The sum of the lengths of any two sides of a triangle is greater than the length of the third
D.
side.

8.

Given: AB DC and BC AD
 Prove: ABCD is a parallelogram.
Proof:
Statements Reasons
1. AB DC and BC AD 1. given
2. Draw AC and BD. 2. Through any two points, there exists exactly one line.
3. AC AC and BD BD 3. reflexive property of congruence
4. ABC CDA and BDA
4.
DBC
5. CBD ADB and ACD 5. Corresponding parts of congruent triangles are
CAB congruent.
6. BC AD and AB DC</span 6. alternate interior angles converse
7. A quadrilateral is a parallelogram if opposite sides are
7. ABCD is a parallelogram.
parallel.

Which reason completes the proof?

A. alternate interior angles
B. side-side-side congruence
C. Corresponding parts of congruent triangles are congruent.
D. angle-side-angle congruence

9.

Given: g h

Prove: 1 3

Proof:
 Statements Reasons
1. g h 1. Given
2. 2 3 2.
3. m 2 = m 3 3. Definition of congruent angles
4. 1 2 4. Vertical angles theorem
5. m 1 = m 2 5. Definition of congruent angles
6. m 1 = m 3 6. Transitive property of equality
7. 1 3 7. Definition of congruent angles

Which of the following reasons completes the proof?

A. Definition of complementary angles
B. Corresponding angles postulate
C. Definition of parallel lines
D. Consecutive interior angles theorem

10.

Given: Point D is the midpoint of AB and point E is the midpoint of segment AC.

Prove: DE BC

Proof:

Statements Reasons

1. D is the midpoint of AB and E is the midpoint Given

 of AC

2. AD = DB and AE = EC Definition of Midpoint

3. Division Property of Equality

4. Transitive Property of Equality

5. Addition Property of Equality

6. Substitution Property of Equality

7. simplify

8. Segment Addition Postulate

9. A= A Reflexive Property of Equality

10. ADE ∼ ABC

11. ADE ≅ ABC Definition of Similarity

Converse of Corresponding Angles

12. DE BC
Postulate

Which of the following reasons complete the proof?

A. Angle-Angle similarity postulate

B. Side-Side-Side similarity theorem

C. Side-Angle-Side similarity theorem

D. Triangle Midsegment Theorem

11.
 Given: ABCD and FECG are parallelograms.
Prove: 1 3
Proof:
Statements Reasons
1. ABCD and FECG are parallelograms. 1. Given
2. 1 2 and 2 3 2.
3. 1 3 3. transitive property of congruence

Which reason completes the proof?

A. alternate interior angles converse
B. Opposite angles of a parallelogram are congruent.
C. alternate interior angles theorem
D. Opposite sides of a parallelogram are congruent.

12.

Given: is the perpendicular bisector of .

Prove: Point S is equidistant from points P and R.
Proof:

Statements Reasons
 is the
1. perpendicular Given
bisector of
.
2.
PQS and
3. RQS are right A perpendicular bisector forms right angles with the segment it bisects.
angles.
PQS
4. Right angles are congruent.
RQS
5. reflexive property
6. Draw Two points determine a segment.
7. Draw Two points determine a segment.
SPQ
8. Side-Angle-Side
SRQ.
9. Corresponding parts of congruent triangles are congruent.
Point S is
equidistant The shortest distance between two points is the length of the segment
10.
from points P joining them.
and R.

Which of the following reasons completes the proof?

A. A bisector divides a segment into two congruent segments.
B. Perpendicular bisectors form congruent right angles.
C. Perpendicular segments form angles of equal measure.
D. symmetric property

13. In the triangles below, NP RP, and PM PQ.

Determine the missing reason to prove that MNP QRP.

 Statement Reason
NP RP, PM PQ given
m NPM = m RPQ
MNP QRP SAS

A. Vertical angles are congruent.

B. An angle is congruent to itself.
C. Alternate interior angles are congruent.
D. Alternate exterior angles are congruent.

14.

Given: Rectangle PQRS with diagonals PR and QS intersecting at point T.

Prove: PR QS

Proof:

Statements Reasons
1. PQRS is a rectangle. Given
2. PQRS is a parallelogram. A rectangle is a parallelogram.
3. QR SP Opposite sides of a parallelogram are congruent.
4. RS SR Reflexive property of congruence
5. m PSR = 90°
Definition of rectangle
m QRS = 90°
6. m PSR = m QRS
Transitive property
PSR QRS
7. PRS QSR
8. PR QS Corresponding parts of congruent triangles are
 congruent.

Which of the following reasons completes the proof?

A. ASA
B. SSS
C. AAS
D. SAS

15.

Given: ABC and EDC

Prove: m BCA = m DCE

Proof:

Statements Reasons

1. ABC and EDC Given

2. m ACD + m DCE = 180° Linear Pair

3. m ACD + m BCA = 180° Linear Pair

4. [180° - m BCA] + m DCE = 180°

Combine Like Terms

5. m BCA = m DCE
and Addition Property

Which of the following reasons completes the proof?

A. Triangle Sum Theorem
B. Substitution Property
C. Corresponding Angles Postulate
D. Linear Pairs Theorem