FORM FUNCTION

Word 1.Singular and Plural -As subjects in sentences

-Singular: cat E.g: Students study at school
-Plural: cats -A complement of subject
2.Countable and Uncoutable E.g: She is teacher
-Coutable: apple..(can be counted: one -The complement of the object
apple, two apple) E.g: She appointed me her assistant
-Uncoutable: milk…(cannot be counted - The object of a preposition
individually) E.g: I go to school
Noun 3.Common and Proper Nouns -The direct/ indirect object of the
-Common: city, dog verb
-Proper: Paris, Fido
4. Concrete and Abstract
-Concrete: table, flower
-Abstract: love, freedom
5. Simple noun and Compound noun
-Simple noun: factory, secretary
-Compound: goalkeeper, living-room
1.Base form( run,eat,play)
E.g: I want to run every morning
2.Past form (ran,played…)
E.g: Yesterday, I ran in the park
3.Past Participle
Verb E.g: I have eaten lunch already
4.Present Participle(Gerund)
E.g: Running is good for your health
5.Third person singular present
E.g: She plays soccer every weekend

Adjective 1.Postive form: used to describe a quality 1. Modify or describe nouns and
without comparison (happy,tall) pronouns, they can be attributive
E.g: "The weather today is sunny." (occurring before the noun) or
2.Comparative form: This form compares predicative
two nouns and often ends in "-er" or is
preceded by "more."(happier,taller,more
interesting)
E.g: "This book is more interesting than
the one I read last week."
3. Superlative form: usually ending in "-
est" or preceded by "most." ( happiest,
most interesting)
E.g : "She is the smartest student in the
class."
4.Compound adjective: These are formed
by combining two or more words to create
a single adjective, often using a hyphen.
 (well-know, full-time)
E.g: "He is a well-known author."
5. Participial Adjectives ( exciting, bored)
E.g: "The movie was exciting."
1.Conjunctive adverb 1. Modifying a verb
Connect two independent clause, be used E.g: She runs quickly
as transition words (Therefore, However, 2. Modifying an adjective
Moreover, Thus, Consequently, E.g: She is very tall.
Nevertheless , On the other hand, In 3. Modifying another adverb
addition...) E.g: He works incredibly hard.
E.g: He studied hard for the exam; thus, he 4. Modifying a whole sentence
passed with flying colors. E.g: Unfortunately, I missed the
Adverb 2.Focusing adverb train.
Emphasize a particular part of a sentences
E.g: I only want a small piece of cake.
3.Interrogative adverb
(When, where, why, how )
E.g: When does the train arrive?
4.Relative adverb
(where, when, why)
E.g: This is the house where I grew up
Clause A is a phrase that begins with a preposition 1.As a adverbials: adjuncts,
prepositional such as in, on, at, under,..... disjuncts and conjuncts
phrase E.g: The book is on the table.  Adjuncts (saying where,
when, how, with what, for
whom, etc)
E.g: In the Scotland it sometimes
snows in summer
 Disjuncts( making a
comment on the rest of the
sentence)
E.g: In all fairness, I don’t think
we can blame her for what
happened.
 Conjuncts( linking sentence)
E.g: On the other hand, he prefers
to stay indoors during the winter.
2. As complements: both subject –
complements and object –
complements .
 S.C: Your work is of great
value.
 O.C: We considered the
information of little
importance
 Adjective phrases is a group of words that 1. Adjective phrases modify nouns.
modify/ describe a noun or pronoun in a E.g: She received a very exciting
sentence. proposal.
E.g: They saw only the brightest stars 2. As subject- complements
through their telescope. E.g: The result were good enough.
3. As object- complements
Adjective
E.g: Mom said the cost of a car is
phrases
way to high.
4. As an adjectival
E.g: She arrived after the meeting

Adjectival
phrases
1. Determiner + Noun: a determiner like 1. Subject
“the”, “an”, “a or “this” plus a noun The cat is sleeping
E.g: The dog 2. Object
2. Adjective + Noun: She bought a new car.
An adjective modifying a noun 3. Indirect object
E.g: Red orange She gave her brother a gift.
3. Determiner + Adjective + Noun 4. Complement
Noun E.g: The big tree He is a doctor.
phrases 4. Noun + Prepositional Phrase They called her the best student.
A noun followed by a prepositional phrase. 5. Adjective complement
E.g: The cat on the mat He is interested in history.
5. Noun + Relative Clause 6. Adverbial
A noun followed by a relative clause We met in the park.
Eg: The house that Jack built
6. A gerund
E.g: Running a marathon requires
dedication
Adverb 1.Manner (how something happens) 1.Modifying a Verb (Tells how,
phrases Examples: "with great enthusiasm," "in a when, where, why, or to what extent
hurry," "without any hesitation" 2.Time an action occurs)
(when something happens) E.g: He arrived a bit earlier than
Examples: "at dawn," "in the past," expected.
"during the meeting" 2.Modifying an Adjective (Tells to
3.Place (where something happens) what degree or intensity the
Examples: "to the park," "in the kitchen," adjective applies)
"on the floor" E.g: The movie was incredibly
4.Degree (how much or to what extent) interesting.
Examples: "a little bit," "far too much," 3.Modifying Another Adverb
"quite easily" E.g: She sings quite beautifully.
5.Frequency (how often something
happens)
Examples: "every week," "three times a
day," "on occasion"