TSA 5- 2023
Topic : Designing hybrid system
Presented by Ali SANFO
TITLE : Designing a hybrid system of solar energy completed with a diesel engine to
produce electricity for the dispensary in passore burkina faso
MOTIVATION
The village is located in an area which don’t have access to the nationale electricity grid.
Consequently it is difficults for the dispensary nurses to work at night and to conserve
medecines. That is why we propose designing a hybrid system of solar energy completed with
diesel engine that produce reliable electricity in order o facilate and improve health of
populations in the village.
DEFINITION
A hybrid system, in the context of energy generation, refers to a combination of multiple
energy sources or technologies to provide a more reliable and efficient power supply. In our
case it is the combination of two devices which are:
the photovoltaic solar system: the solar panels which convert sunlight into electricity
which is used and stored in the batteries ; it is the main source,
a diesel generator which runs in the absence of sunlight to ensure continuity of service
in electricity
OBJECTIVE
Design an effective system which make it possible to produce sufficient eletrical
power supply of dispensary
To produce reliable energy for satisfy the needsS of dispensary
MATERIALS
The materials required for a hybrid system include:
Solar Panels: Mounting StructuresBatteries Inverters Diesel Generator Control and
Monitoring Equipment Electric Meter :
PROCESS
Analysis of electricity needs: It is essential to understand the specific electricity
requirements of the installation, including energy demand, and operating hours
Calculate total watt-hours per day for each appliance used
Calculate total watt-hours per day needed from the PV modules
Assessment of solar resource: Analyze local sunlight, solar energy availability, and
seasonal variations to determine the required photovoltaic capacity
Sizing of solar system :
Calculate the total watt-peak rating needed for PV
Calculate the number of panels
Inverter sizing : the inverter size should be 25% bigger thant total watts of appliances ;
the inverter must have the same nominal voltage as your batteries also the input rating
of the inverter should be same PV array rating to allow for safe and efficient
operation.
Battery sizing :
1- calculate total watt-hours per day used by appliances
2- Divide the total watt-hours per day used by 0.85 for batteries loss
1
3- Divide the answer obtained in item 2 by 0.6 for depth of dicharge
4- Divide the answer obtained in item 3 by the nominal batteries voltage
5- Multiply the answer obtained in item 4 with days of autonomy to get the required
Ampere hours capacity of deep-cycle battery
EXPECTED RESULTS
A dispensary has the following electrical appliance usage
Time
operating Power Total power total energy
Loads (hours) (Watt) number (watt) (watt-hours)
fluorescent lamp 10 18 15 270 2700
fan 12 75 6 450 5400
refrigerator 8 200 2 400 3200
air conditionner 5 1117 1 1117 5585
Calculate power consumption per day : total appliances used , it is 16885 Watt-hours
power consumption∗1.3 16885∗1.3
Total Wp of PV panel capacity : = = 4390 Wp
suns h ine per day 5
Total ℘ 4390
Number of panel : =¿ =17.5
power of one panel 250
This system should be powered by at least 18 modules of 250Wp PV module
Inverter sizing : total watt of appliances ; it is 2237W ; for safety the inverter should
be considered 25% bigger size so this system the inverter size be about 3KW/24V
power consumption∗day of autonomy
Determine the capacity of batteries : =¿
0.85∗0.6∗nominal voltage
16885
=2758 AH
0.85∗0.6∗12
2758
Number of batteries : =11 This system should be powered by at least 12 batteries
250
of 250AH /12V
For the Diesel generator it is the same method as for the sizing of the inverter so this
system the diesel generator size be about 3KVA/220V
Calculate the power consumption per year = power consumption per day * number of
days in year ; ( 365*16.885= 6163.05 KWH/year)
Calculate the power cost per year = power consumption per year *96 fcfa= 591650
fcfa
Cost investment
Materials numbe Cost Total
r cfa cfa
Solar panel 18 60000 108000
250Wp 0
Batteries 12 280000 336000
250AH/12V 0
diesel generator 1 500000 500000
3KVA
2
Inverter 3KW 1 350000 350000
Other 1 500000 500000
total cost 579000
0
The investment cost is too higher compared to the cost price of electricity to be be produced
for five years , the système is not benefical.
1. DIFFICULTIES
Designing and implementing a solar-diesel hybrid system can indeed present some
challenges. Here are a few of the difficulties that may arise:
Materials used for the design system is very expensive , also add fuel cost of diesel
generator
The number of battery recharge cycles is small depending on the technologies
The difficulty of findin a maintenance technician in the village for monitoring and
maintenance of equipments.
While these challenges can be daunting, they are not insurmountable. With proper planning,
design, and implementation, combined with expert knowledge and experience, it is possible to
overcome these difficulties and successfully deploy a reliable and efficient hybrid system.
RECOMMANDATION
Choose high-efficiency solar panels, inverter, and batteries to maximize the energy
conversion and storage capabilities of the system
Sensitize the population on the use of energy in order to avoid waste of the energy
produced,
Finance research in solar technology and create research centers of solar technologie
The government must finance assistance and development projects for villages by
subsidizing equipment and solar technology
2. CONCLUSION
It is necessary to install a hybrid system in the dispensary of the village isolated from the
national electricity grid for lighting, storage of medicines and others. this system is not
profitable economically but it will help to develop the village in terms of health.
