GRAMMAR

GRAMMARPRACTICE
PRACTICE

2A
1A Narrative
Present simple
tensesand continuous; action
and state verbs 1 1 Choose
Choosethe
thecorrect
correctoptions
optionstotocomplete
completethe
thesentences.
sentences.
2.2
1 1While
TheyTina
don’t
cycled
want // was
aren’t
cycling
wanting
to work,
to go she
swimming
1.2 we bought a new car.
Last week,
was
today
dropping
because
/ dropped
it’s too cold.
her purse.
It Iwas snowing
check and people
my emails were hurrying home
every morning. from work.
I’m replying to your message right now. 2 2When
I prefer
I closed
/ ’m preferring
the door, Ithis
wascoffee
realizing
– it /tastes
realized
/ ’s that
tasting
I
I was cooking
I need dinner
to access thewhen someone knocked
internet. Areat you
the door.
enjoying your holiday? left
much
/ hadbetter
left my
than
keys
that
inside
coffee.
the house.
hadsister
It My stopped
has araining before we left the party.
new job. My parents are having breakfast. 3 3We
I can’t
watched
talk to
/ were
you right
watching
now.aWe
filmhave
when/ ’rewehaving
were
I was disappointed because my friends had forgotten my birthday.
hearing
lunch. / heard a strange noise outside.
4 4When
WhyJohn
do you
had
wait
got/ /are
gotyou
home,
waiting
we told
for the
himbus?
whatThere
A Present simple
narrative describes past events. We often use the past simple, the past continuous
had
aren’t
happened
any buses
/ was
after
happening
midnight!earlier that afternoon.
and
Wethe
usepast
the perfect
presentinsimple
a narrative.
to talk about things that are always true.
5 5When
I don’t
they
understand
were arriving
/ ’m /not
arrived,
understanding
the concert
this film
They speak Portuguese in Brazil. The sun sets in the west. already
because
began
they’re
/ had
speaking
alreadytoo
begun.
fast.
Past simple
We also use the present simple to talk about regular routines. 6 6It We
wasthink
a hot/summer’s
’re thinking
day.
all museums
We sat / were
should
sitting
be free.
in the
We use the past simple to describe the main events in a narrative. These are He works
7garden and /the
’s working
sun was in the library
shining this morning.
/ shone.
I start work at 8.45. My brother gets up at 6.30 every day.
completed actions in the past. 7 8When
Thatthe
suitcase
film was
belongs
ending
/ is/ belonging
ended, thetochildren
me. went /
We often use the present simple with frequency adverbs and expressions.
Mike opened the door and saw a package on the floor. He picked it up and were going straight to bed.
We never gocouldn’t
shoppingbelieve
on Saturdays. They often go to the beach at the weekend. 2 Complete the sentences with the present simple or
opened it. He what he saw!
2 Complete the sentences
present continuous with
form correct
of the verbs inpast tense of
brackets.
Present
Remember thatcontinuous
many past simple verbs are irregular. For a full list of irregular verbs, the
1 verbs
I in brackets.
(talk) to my boss at the moment. Can I
see page 175.
We use the present continuous to talk about actions that are happening now. call you back in five minutes?
He’s speaking to his sister on Skype right now. I’m waiting for you at the bus stop. 2 They (send) me a birthday card every year.
Past continuous 3 I (leave) the office now. I’ll call you later.
We also use the present continuous to talk about actions that are temporary.
We use the past continuous to describe the background events in a narrative. 4 You look really tired. I (think) you
She’s living with her parents at the moment. I’m studying Economics this year. (need) to go to bed now.
One autumn afternoon, I was sitting in the kitchen.
Last night, it was raining and we were watching TV on the sofa. 5 I’m so hungry! I (think) about dinner.
Action and state verbs 6 I can’t talk now. I (study) in the library.
WeWealso
canuse
usethe
thepast continuous
present to describe
simple and presentan action that
continuous wasverbs
with in progress when an
which describe 7 I (stay) at my best friend’s house at
a completed
action. action happened.
the moment.
She was having breakfast when someone knocked on the door. 1 I (take) my umbrella with me because I
I play football on Wednesday evenings. 8 My internet connection (not work) today.
I was having a shower when the phone rang. (see) the weather forecast earlier.
I’m playing a football game on my computer at the moment. 3 2 Complete the text withthe
thewhole
correct form of the
She (read) book while sheverbs in
WeWeoften useuse
usually when
theand whilesimple,
present to connect past
not the events.continuous, with verbs which
present brackets. (wait) for me.
I was walking along
describe a state. the beach when I found a wallet.
3 While Maria (make) the dinner, David
While they were waiting for the bus, it started to rain.
She doesn’t like her new haircut. NOT She isn’t liking her new haircut. (take out) the rubbish.
I don’t understand. What do you mean? NOT I’m not understanding. What are you 4 I (call) the police straightaway when I
Past perfect
meaning? (saw) the broken window.
WeI own the
use past
a car. perfect
NOT to describe
I’m owning a car.an action that happened before another action 5 She (start) laughing when she
in the past. (see) his new hat.
state
I called verbs
James at his office, but he had already gone home. 6 I (not want) to see that film because I
feelings
They decided to go for alike,
drivelove,
in Paul’s new car.
hate, want, He need
prefer, had bought it only two days (see) it twice before.
before. Enjoy is used in the continuous tense: I’m enjoying the party. 7 Anna (live) in San Francisco when she
thoughts and know, believe, remember, forget, understand, think, feel, (finish) her first novel.
opinions I1 (not understand) why some people
Look! We can use theconsider, realize,tenses
three narrative expect,with
agree, suppose,
when, doubt, mean
with different meanings.
3 Complete2 the text(believe)
with thethat correct
we 3past tense of(talk)theto
states
When be, dinner.
she arrived, we had have (possess), exist,
= First she seem,then
arrived, appear,
we belong, own, matter
had dinner.
verbseachin the box.much less than in the past. I 4
other
When
sensesshe arrived, we were
taste,having
sound,dinner. = She
look, feel, arrived
hear, smellduring dinner.
(own) a smartphone and I 5 (use) it all
When she arrived, we had had dinner. = First we had dinner, then she arrived. arrive ring I leave put answer walk drive
the time. 6 (send) messages to mybuy
Look! Some verbs can be both action and state verbs, with different meanings. 7
friends several times a day and I often
I’m thinking about my holidays. (the action of thinking = action verb) Last Friday, I went
(call) them fortoa the
chat.supermarket
It’s true thatto webuy
8 a cake for a
I think this website is the best. (an opinion = state verb) friend’s party. It was 1
(have) very busyreally
lives busy
nowadays as people
and that we
He’s having fish and chips. (the action of eating = action verb) food for9 the weekend. While I 2 back toface
myto
always (not speak)
He has a white sports car. (a possession = state verb) car, my phone 10 3 . I 4 the cake on
face. It (seem) to me that electronic
I’m feeling happy. (the action of having an emotion = action verb) the roof of my 11car and 5 the phone. After the
devices (make) our lives much easier.
It feels soft. (the sense = state verb) 6
call, I For to the party, but
example, I 12 (write) this blog now I
I didn’t realize that
7 the cake on my
while I 13 (sit) on the train.it was still there
car! Luckily,
when I 8 !

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 GRAMMAR PRACTICE GRAMMAR PRACTICE

2C
1A used
Present
to and
simple
usually
and continuous; action
and state verbs 1 1 Complete
Choose the
the correct
sentences
options
with the
to complete
correct form
the sentences.
of used to
2.11
or1the pastdon’t
They simple and/ aren’t
want the verbs in brackets.
wanting Use used to
to go swimming
My mum 1.2used to have long hair but now it’s much shorter. if possible.
today because it’s too cold.
I didn’t
I checkuse
mytoemails
like seafood but now I often eatI’m
every morning. it. replying to your message right now.
1 2I I prefer / ’m preferring
mythis
brother
coffee
and
– itsister
tastes
regularly,
/ ’s tasting
Did you use
I need to play
to access thethe violin?
internet. Are you enjoying your holiday? but
much
nowbetter
we allthan
live inthat
different
coffee.cities. (see)
I never used
My sister hastoawatch TV in the evenings.
new job. My parents are having breakfast. 2 3How
I can’t talk to you right now.
to work
We have
before/ ’re
youhaving
had a
We usually go for a walk after dinner.
car?
lunch.
(you/get)
Present simple 3 4They
Why do you wait / are you
each
waiting
otherfor
when
the bus?
they were
There
used to
We use the present simple to talk about things that are always true.
ataren’t
school,
anybut
buses
nowafter
they’re
midnight!
getting married! (not like)
4 5HeI don’t understand / ’mmuch
not understanding
money, but now
thishe’s
film
We use used to + infinitive to talk about habits or situations that were true in the past
They speak Portuguese in Brazil. The sun sets in the west. rich.
because
(not have)
they’re speaking too fast.
but are not true now. They can be states or actions.
We also use the present simple to talk about regular routines. 5 6We
We think / ’re thinking with
all museums
our friends
should
morebeoften
free.
I used to hate classical music but now I love it. (hate = state)
I start He works
7when / ’s in
we lived working
Miami.in(meet
the library
up) this morning.
She usedwork atswimming
to go 8.45. Myevery
brother
day.gets
(goup at 6.30 every
swimming day.
= action)
6 8Where
That suitcase belongs / is before
belonging
youto
moved
me. here?
WeWeform
often
theuse the present
negative simple with
and questions likefrequency adverbs
other regular verbsand expressions.
in the past simple. (you/live)
We never 2 Complete the sentences with the present simple or
I didn’t use go shopping
to like on music.
classical Saturdays. They often
NOT I didn’t used go to the
to like beach music.
classical at the weekend. 7 I to reggae music, but now I love
present continuous form of the verbs in brackets.
Did you use to live in this street? NOT Did you used to live in this street? it. (never listen)
Present continuous 8 1JonI (talk) to my hisboss at the moment.
American friend twiceCanlast
I
We often use a mixture of used to and the past simple when we describe past
We use the present continuous to talk about actions that are happening now. call you
year. (visit)back in five minutes?
situations. It sounds unnatural to use used to with every verb.
He’s speaking to his sister on Skype right now. I’m waiting for you at the bus stop. Theyto sing when(send)
9 2I used I was ame a birthday
child, and I card every year.
I used to do a lot of exercise when I was at school. I played tennis every weekend 3 I (leave)the theguitar,
officetoo.
now. I’ll call you later.
WeI also (play)
and wentuse the present
swimming continuous
three to talk
or four times about actions that are temporary.
a week. 4 You look really tired. I (think) you
10 We in Los Angeles in 2012.
She’s
We use living with
the past her parents
simple, at to,
not used thewhen
moment.
we talkI’m studying
about thingsEconomics this only
that happened year. (need) to go to bed now.
(get married)
once, or when we say how many times something happened. 5 I’m so hungry! I (think) about dinner.
Action and state verbs 2 Complete the text
6 I can’t talk now.with
I usually or(study) the correct form of
in the library.
I got a job five years ago. NOT I used to get a job five years ago.
Wewent
can touseRio
thethree
present simple used
7 I to and a verb from at the box. friend’s house at
We times whenand present
I was young.continuous with to
NOT We used verbs which
go to describe an
Rio three (stay) my best
action.
times when I was young. the moment.
not have go (x2) arrive work (x2)
I play 8 My internet connection (not work) today.
We oftenfootball on Wednesday
use never evenings.
used to instead of didn’t use to.
I’m playing a football game on my computer at the moment. 3 Complete the text with the correct form of the verbs in
He never used to call me but now he calls every day.
Weneighbours
The usually use never
the present simple,
used to makenot the present
so much noise!continuous, with verbs which brackets.
describe a state.
usually
She doesn’t like her new haircut. NOT She isn’t liking her new haircut.
I don’t
Used understand.
to only refers to What do you
the past. mean?
We use NOTorI’m
usually not understanding.
normally Whattoare
+ present simple talkyou
meaning?
about situations and habits which are true now.
I own a car. NOT I’m owning a car.
On Sundays, I usually have eggs for breakfast. (present habit)
On state
Sundays, I used to have eggs for breakfast. (past habit)
verbs
feelings like, love, hate, want, prefer, need
Look! We can also use usually in the past. It has a similar meaning to used to. Six months ago, Sarah Thornton left her job
Enjoy is used in the continuous tense: I’m enjoying the party.
We usually had dinner together every evening. in the city and moved to a small town in the
thoughts and know, believe, remember, forget, understand, think, feel,
We used to have dinner together every evening.
opinions consider, realize, expect, agree, suppose, doubt, mean I1
countryside because (not
sheunderstand) why some
wanted a quieter life.people
1 2 (believe) we 3 a day, six (talk) to
thathours
states be, have (possess), exist, seem, appear, belong, own, matter ‘I sixteen
days aeach other
week,’ shemuch
says.less thanvery
‘It was in the past. I 4I
difficult.
senses taste, sound, look, feel, hear, smell 5
2 (own) a smartphone home andexhausted
I (use) it11
at around all
3 time. I 6
p.m. Ithe (send)
time formessages
hobbies to in my
the
Look! Some verbs can be both action and state verbs, with different meanings.
friends
evening andseveral
I didn’ttimes
see my a day much,’7 she says.
and I often
friends
I’m thinking about my holidays. (the action of thinking = action verb)
(call) them for
‘But now I’m happier. I a 4
chat. It’s true that we 8 an eight-
I think this website is the best. (an opinion = state verb)
(have)
hour day very
now, sobusy lives
I have nowadays
much and time.
more free that we It was
He’s having fish and chips. (the action of eating = action verb) 9
strange living in the always
countryside at first. (notInspeak) face to
the city,
He has a white sports car. (a possession = state verb)
I 5 face. It 10 (seem) toorme
to concerts to that
the electronic
shops
I’m feeling happy. (the action of having an emotion = action verb) 11
devices There’s
on Sundays. nothing (make) our lives
like that here.much
Now,easier.
I
It feels soft. (the sense = state verb) 6 For example, I 12running or do (write)
other this blog now
outdoor
I 13 evening.’ (sit) on the train.
whileevery
activities

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