Drilling
• Graphical Method for Casing Design
Engineering II
• Dr. Samir Khaled
9:10 AM 1
Dr.Samir Khaled
Drilling Eng.2
Graphical Method for casing design Dr. Samir Khaled
Tension Tension
Depth
Burst
Collapse
Collapse
STRESS
Burst Assume full reservoir pressure all along the wellbore.
Collapse: Hydrostatic pressure increases with depth
Tension: Tensile stress due to weight of string is highest at top
9:10 AM Dr.Samir Khaled 2
Drilling Eng.2
Graphical Method for casing design Dr. Samir Khaled
Collapse line
Collapse Pressure = External Pressure –Internal Pressure
1- Casing is assumed empty du to loss circulation at casing setting
depth (CSD)
2- internal pressure inside casing is zero
AT Surface
External Pressure Pc = zero
At shoe CSD
External Pressure = Hydrostatic Pressure
PC = 0.052 * MW (ppg ) * CSD (ft )
9:10 AM Dr.Samir Khaled 3
Drilling Eng.2
Graphical Method for casing design Dr. Samir Khaled
Pc = zero
Depth
Collapse
Collapse
STRESS
PC = 0.052 * MW (ppg ) * CSD
Collapse: Hydrostatic pressure increases with depth
9:10 AM Dr.Samir Khaled 4
Graphical Method for casing design Drilling Eng.2
Dr. Samir Khaled
• Burst line
• Burst at the Surface Bs = Internal pressure - External pressure
External pressure = 0
• Internal pressure = Pf – TD* G
• Burst at surface Bs = Pf - TD *G - 0
• Where: TD Total depth of next hole, ft
• Pf Formation pressure of next hole , psi
• MW mud weight , PPg
• G gas gradient psi/ft
• CSD Casing setting depth ,ft
9:10 AM Dr.Samir Khaled 5
Graphical Method for casing design Drilling Eng.2
Dr. Samir Khaled
Surface and Intermediate Casings
• Burst line
• 1. Calculate external load due to mud column
• 2. Internal load due to formation pressure
• (Pf for the next hole section)
• 3. Calculate burst as the difference.
• At Casing shoe
• Burst pressure = internal pressure – external pressure
• External pressure = 0.052* CSD * MW
• Internal pressure = Pf - (TD - CSD) G
• Burst at shoe Bc = Pf - (TD - CSD) G - 0.052* CSD * MW
9:10 AM Dr.Samir Khaled 6
Production Casing
Burst at Casing shoe
• The worst case occurs when gas leaks from the top of the production tubing to
the casing.
• The gas pressure will be transmitted through the packer fluid from the surface to
the casing shoe
Burst pressure= Internal pressure - External pressure
Burst at surface (Bs) =Pf - G x CSD
Burst at shoe (Bc)= Bs + 0.052 ρp x CSD –
0.052x CSD x Mw
G =gradient of gas, usually 0.1 psi/ft
Pf =formation pressure at production casing seat, psi
ρp =density of completion (or packer) fluid, ppg
Mw =the density of backup fluid outside the casing to
represent the worst case, ppg
9:10 AM Dr.Samir Khaled 7
Drilling Eng.2
Graphical Method for casing design Dr. Samir Khaled
Bs = Pf - TD *G
Burst
Depth
Burst
Burst
Bc = Pf - (TD - CSD) G - 0.052* CSD * MW
STRESS
For surface and intermediate
Burst at shoe (Bc)= Bs + 0.052 ρp x CSD – 0.052x CSD x Mw for
production casing
Assume full reservoir pressure all along the wellbore.
Burst
9:10 AM Dr.Samir Khaled 8
Graphical Method for casing design Drilling Eng.2
Dr. Samir Khaled
Tensile forces
a) Calculate the weight of casing in air (positive)
b) Calculate the Buoyancy force (negative) BF= ( 1- MW/DS )
c) Calculate the bending force (positive)
Bending force FB = 63 * D *Wn * Ø , lb
d) Calculate the shock load due to arresting casing
Shock load Fs = 3200 *Wn , lb
Where:
BF Buoyancy Factor
Wn weight per feet , lb/ft
Ø Dog leg Severity degree/100 ft
D outside diameter of casing ,in DS density of steel 489.5 pcf
9:10 AM Dr.Samir Khaled 9
Example Drilling Eng.2
Dr. Samir Khaled
It is required to run a combination string of 9 5/8 , in casing is set at 6000 ft and
will be subjected, in the event of a kick , to formation pressure (Pf) of 0.52 psi/ft
from the next hole drilled to a TD 10000 ft. 75.8, pcf mud, gas kick (G) is 0.1 psi/ft
.
Using graphical method to design casing based on collapse, burst, and tension
9 5/8 in casing available Extreme XCSG
J-55 40 XCSG Safety factor
Burst 1.1
C-75 43 XCSG Collapse 1.125
L-80 43 XCSG Tension 1.8
9:10 AM Dr.Samir Khaled 10
Collapse Calculation
Collapse AT Surface External Pressure Ps = zero
At shoe CSD
Collapse Pressure (Pc) = External Pressure –Internal Pressure
External Pressure = Hydrostatic Pressure = 75.8/144 *6000 = 3160 psi
PC = 3160– 0 = 3160 psi
Collapse resistance of grades 9 5/8 in casing available
Grade Weight (lb/ft) Coupling Collapse Resistance (psi) At
S.F = 1 S.F = 1.125
J-55 40 XCSG 2570 2284
C-75 43 XCSG 3730 3316
L-80 43 XCSG 3810 3387
9:10 AM Dr.Samir Khaled 11
9:10 AM Dr.Samir Khaled 12
Design Based on Collapse resistance of grades
Pressure psi
0
Collaps
500
1000
1500
2000
Depth, ft
2500
3000
3500
4000
4300 ft
4500
5000
CSD
5500
6000 CSD
6500
7000
9:10 AM Dr.Samir Khaled 13
Intervals for surface casing based on collapse loading
Section Interval ft Grade and Weight (lb/ft) Length (ft)
1 0 - 4300 J 55 # 40 4300
2 4300- 6000 C 75 # 43 1700
9:10 AM Dr.Samir Khaled 14
Burst Calculation
• Burst at surface = Internal pressure (Pi) – external pressure
• Burst pressure at surface
• Bs = Pf - G x TD = 0.52 * 10000 - 0.1*10000 = 4200 psi
• (note that external pressure at surface is zero)
11:39 AM Dr.Samir Khaled 15
Burst Calculation
• Burst pressure at casing shoe (Bc) = internal pressure – external
pressure
• Bc = Pf - G x (TD - CSD) – mw x CSD
External Pressure = Hydrostatic Pressure = 75.8/144 *6000 = 3160 psi
Internal pressure (Pi) at CSD = Pf - G x (TD - CSD) = 5200 – 0.1 (10000 - 6000)
= 4800 psi
• Bc = 4800 - 3160 = 1640 psi
11:47 AM Dr.Samir Khaled 16
Burst Calculation
Burst line at surface = 4200 psi
At CSD = 1640 psi
Burst resistance from API Table of grades 9 5/8 in casing available
Grade Weight (lb/ft) Coupling Burst Resistance (psi) At
S.F = 1 S.F = 1.1
J-55 40 XCSG 3950 3590
C-75 43 XCSG 5930 5390
L-80 43 XCSG 6330 5754
10:05 AM Dr.Samir Khaled 17
API Table of grades
10:31 AM Dr.Samir Khaled 18
Design Based on Burst resistance of grades
Pressure psi
0
Burst
500
1000
1500 ft
1500
2000
Depth, ft
2500
3000
3500
4000
4500
5000
5500
6000
6500
7000
10:56 AM Dr.Samir Khaled 19
Intervals for surface casing based on Burst loading
Section Interval ft Grade and Weight (lb/ft) Length (ft)
1 0 - 1500 C 75 # 43 1500
2 1500 - 6000 J 55 # 40 4500
10:52 AM Dr.Samir Khaled 20
Design Based on Both Collapse and Burst Pressures
Pressure psi
0
Collaps Burst Collaps &
500 Burst
1000
1500 ft
1500
2000
Depth, ft
2500
3000
3500
4000
4300 ft
4500
5000
5500
6000
6500
7000
11:22 AM Dr.Samir Khaled 21
Selection Based on Both Collapse and Burst Pressures
Most economical surface casing based on collapse
and burst loading
Section Interval Grade and Coupling Length
(ft) Weight (ft)
(lb/ft)
1 0-1500 C-75 # 43 XCSD 1500
1500 -
2 J-55 # 40 XCSD 2800
4300
4300 -
3 C-75 # 43 XCSD 1700
6000
Graphical Method for casing design Drilling Eng.2
Dr. Samir Khaled
Tension Criteria
a) Calculate the weight of casing in air (positive)
b) Calculate the Buoyancy force (negative) BF= ( 1- MW/DS )
c) Calculate the bending force (positive)
Bending force FB = 63 * D *Wn * Ø , lb
d) Calculate the shock load due to arresting casing
Shock load Fs = 3200 *Wn , lb
Where:
BF Buoyancy Factor
Wn weight per feet , lb/ft
Ø Dog leg Severity degree/100 ft
D outside diameter of casing ,in DS density of steel 489.5 pcf
11:56 AM Dr.Samir Khaled 23
Tension Criteria
Pipe body & Joint yield Strength resistance from API Table of
grades 9 5/8 in casing available:
Grade Weight (lb/ft) Coupling Pipe yield Strength Joint yield Strength
(psi) *1000
J-55 40 XCSG 630 770
C-75 43 XCSG 942 975
L-80 43 XCSG 1005 975
1:33 PM Dr.Samir Khaled 24
Tension Criteria
Total tensile loads on surface casing string
(1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7)
Shock load
Depth Grade and Buoyant weight Cumulative buoyant Carried Total tension yield Strength
SF =
interval Weight of section joint (1000 lbf) weight carried by the top by each Section (1000 lbf) Total Tension
ft (lb/ft) (1) x Wn x Bf (=0.856) joint lbf 3200 Wn (4) +(5)
0 -1500 C-75 #43 54503 210912 137600 348.512 942/348.512 =2.70
1500-4300 J-55 # 40 94640 156410 128000 284.410 630/284.410 = 2.22
4300 -6000 C-75#43 61770 61770 137600 199.370 942/199.370 =4.72
Buoyant Weight = (1- 75.8 /489.5) = 0.845
It is evident from the above that both sections satisfy the design requirements for tensional
load arising from cumulative buoyant weight and shock load.
1:34 PM Dr.Samir Khaled 26
API Table of grades
12:52 PM Dr.Samir Khaled 27
