CLASS-XII
PHYSICS
General Instructions:
Read the following instructions carefully and follow them:
(i) This question paper contains 33 questions. All questions are
compulsory.
(ii) This question paper is divided into five Sections-Sections A, B, C, D
and E.
(iii) In Section A - Questions no. 1 to 16 are Multiple Choice (MCQ) type
questions. Each question carries 1 marks.
(iv) In Section B - Questions no. 17 to 21 are Very Short Answer type
questions. Each question carries 2 marks.
(v) In Section C - Questions no. 22 to 28 are Short Answer type questions.
Each question carries 3 marks.
(vi) In Section D - Questions no. 29 to 30 are case study based questions.
Each question carries 4 marks.
(vii) In Section E - Questions no. 31 and 33 are Long Answer type
question. Each question carries 5 marks.
(viii) There is no overall choice given in the question paper. However an
internal choice has been provided in few questions in all the Sections
except Section A.
(ix) Kindly note that there is a separate question paper for Visually
Impaired candidates.
(x) Use of calculators is not allowed.
Yan may use the following values of physical constants wherever
Necessary:
c = 3 x 108 m/s
h = 6.63 x 10-34 Js
e = 1.6 x 10-19 C
μ0 = 4π x 10-7 T m A-1
ε0 = 8.854 x 107-12 C2 N-1 m-1
1
= 9 x 109 Nm2 C-1
4𝜋𝜀 0
Mass of electron (me) = 9.1 x 10-31 kg
Mass of neutron = 1.675 x 10-27 kg
Mass of proton = 1.673 x 10-27 kg
Avogadro's number = 6.023 x 1023 per gram mole
Boltzmann constant = 1.38 x 10-23 JK-1
SECTION-A
1. Two batteries with e.m.f. 12 V and 13 V are connected in parallel across a
load resistor of 10Ω. The internal resistance of the two batteries are 1 Ω
and 2 Ω respectively as shown in the figure
The voltage across the load lies between :
(a) 11.4 V and 11.5 V (b) 11.5 V and 11.6 V
(c) 11.6 V and 11.7 V (d) 11.7 V and 11.8 V
2. A current loop, having two circular arcs joined by two radial lines is shown
in the figure.
If carries a current of 10 A. The magnetic field at point O will be close to:
(a) 1.0 x 10-7 T (b) 1.5 x 10-7 T
(c) 1.0 x 10-5 T (d) 1.5 x 10-5 T
3. Which of the following pairs is that of paramagnetic materials?
(a) Copper and Aluminium (b) Sodium and Calcium
(c) Lead and Iron (d) Nickel and cobalt
4. A galvanometer of resistance 50Ω is converted into a voltmeter of range
(0-20V) using a resistor of 1.0 kΩ. If it is to be converted into a voltmeter
of range (0-10V), the resistance required will be
(a) 4.8 kΩ (b) 5.0 kΩ
(c) 5.2 kΩ (d) 5.4 kΩ
5. Two coils are placed near each other. When the current in one coil is
changed at the rate of 5 A/s, an emf of 2 mV is induced in the other. The
mutual inductance of the two coils is
(a) 0.4 mH (b) 2.5 mH
(c) 10 mH (d) 2.5 H
6. The electromagnetic waves used to purify water are
(a) Infrared rays (b) Ultraviolet rays
(c) X-rays (d) Gamma rays
7. The focal lengths of the objective and the eyepiece of a compound
microscope are 1 cm and 2 cm, respectively. If the tube length of the
microscope is 10 cm, the magnification obtained by the microscope for
most suitable viewing by relaxed eye is
(a) 250 (b) 200
(c) 150 (d) 125
8. The graph which shows the variation of the de-Broglie wavelength (𝜆) of a
particle and its associated momentum (p) is :
(a) (b)
(c) (d)
9. The energy of an electron in the ground state of hydrogen atom is -13.6 eV.
The kinetic and potential energy of the electron in the first exited state will
be
(a) -13.6 eV, 27.2 eV (b) -6.8 eV, 13.6 eV
(c) 3.4eV,-6.8eV (d) 68 eV,-3.4eV
10. A Young’s double-slit experimental set up is kept in a medium of
4
refractive index . Which maximum in this case will coincide with the 6"
3
maximum obtained if the medium is replaced by air?
(a) 4th (b) 6th
(c) 8th (d) 10th
11. The potential energy between two nucleons inside a nucleus is minimum at
a distance of about
(a) 0.8 fm (b) 1.6 fm
(c) 2.0 fm (d) 2.8 fm
12. A pure Si crystal having 5 x 1028 atoms m-3 dropped with 1 ppm
concentration of antimony. If the concentration of holes in the doped
crystal is found to be 4.5 x 109 m-3, the concentration (in m-3) of intrinsic
charge carriers in Si crystal is about
(a) 1.2 x 1015 (b) 1.5 x 1016
(c) 3.0 x 1015 (d) 2.0 x 1016
For Questions number 13 to 16, two statements are given - one labelled as
Assertion (A) and the other labelled as Reason (R). Select the correct
answer to these questions from the codes (a), (b), (c) and (d) as given below.
(a) Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true and Reason (R) is the correct
explanation of the Assertion (A).
(b) Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true, but Reason (R) is not the
correct explanation of the Assertion (A).
(c) Assertion (A) is true, but Reason (R) is false.
(d) Assertion (A) is false, but Reason (R) is also false.
13. Assertion (A) : Equal amount of positive and negative charges are
distributed uniformly on two halves of a thin circular ring as shown in
figure. The resultant electric field at the centre O of the ring is along OC.
Reason (R) : It is so because the net potential at O is not zero.
14. Assertion (A) : The energy of a charged particle moving in a magnetic
field does not change.
Reason (R) : It is because the work done by the magnetic force on the
charge moving in a magnetic field is zero.
15. Assertion (A) : In a Young’s double-slit experiment, interference pattern is
not observed when two coherent sources are infinitely close to each other.
Reason (R) : The fringe width is proportional to the separation between the
two sources.
16. Assertion (A) : An alpha particle is moving towards a gold nucleus. The
impact parameter is maximum for the scattering angle of 1800.
Reason (R) : The impact parameter in an particle scattering experiment
does not depend upon the atomic number of the target nuclesu.
SECTION-B
17. (a) Four point charges of 1μC, -2 μC, 1 μC and -2 μC are placed at the
corners A, B, C and D respectively, of a square of side 30 cm. Find the net
force acting on a charge of 4 μC placed at the centre of the square.
OR
(a) Three point charges, 1 pC each, are kept at the vertices of an equilateral
triangle of site 10 cm. Find the net electric field at the centroid of
triangle.
18. Derive an expression for magnetic force 𝐹 acting on a straight conductor of
length L carrying I in an external magnetic field 𝐵. It is valid when the
conductor is in zig-zag form? Justify.
19. A telescope has an objective lens of focal length 150 cm and an eyepiece
of focal length 5 cm. Calculate its magnifying power in normal adjustment
and the distance of the image formed by the objective.
20. (a) Two energy level of an electron in hydrogen atom are separated by 2.55
eV. Find wavelength of radiation emitted when the electron makes
transition from the higher energy level to the lower energy level.
(b) In which series of hydrogen spectrum this line shall fall?
21. The earth revolves around the sun in an orbit of radius 1.5 x 1011 m with
orbital speed 30 km/. Find the quantum number that charactersises its
revolution using Bohr’s model in his case. (mass of earth = 6.0 x 1024 kg).
SECTION-C
22. (a) Write Einstein’s photoelectric equation. How Millikan prove the
validity of this equation?
(b) Explain the existence of threshold frequency of incident radiation for
photoelectric emission from a given surface.
23. (a) Define the term ‘electric flux’ and write its dimensions.
(b) A plane surface, in shape of a square of side 1 cm is placed in an
electric field 𝐸 = (100 N/C)𝑖 such that the unit vector normal to the surface
is given by 𝑛 = 0.8𝑖 + 0.6𝑘. Find the electric flux through the surface.
24. (a) (i) State Lenz’s Law, In a closed circuit, the induced current oppose the
change in magnetic flux that produced it as per the law of conservation of
energy. Justify.
(ii) A metal rod of length 2 m is rotated with a frequency 60 rev/s about an
axis passing through its centre and perpendicular to its length. A uniform
magnetic field of 2 T perpendicular to its plane of rotation is switched-on
in the region. Calculate the e.m.f. induced between the centre and the end
of the rod.
OR
(b) (i) State and explain Amperce’s circuital law.
(ii) Two long straight parallel wires separated by 20 cm, carry 5 A and
10 A current respectively, in the same direction. Find the magnitude
and direction of the net magnet field at a point midway between them.
25. An electron moving with a velocity 𝑣 = (1.0 x 107 m/s)𝑖 + (0.5 x 107 m/s)𝑗
enters a region of uniform magnetic field 𝐵 = (0.5 mT)𝑗. Find the radius of
the circular path described by it. While rotating; does the electron trace a
linear path too? If so, calculate the linear distance covered by it during the
period of one revolution.
26. (a) Name the parts of the electromagnetic spectrum which are (i) also
known as ‘heat waves and (ii) absorbed by ozone layer in the atmosphere.
(b) Write briefly one method each of the production and detection of these
radiations.
27. (a) Explain the characteristics of a p-n junction diode that makes it suitable
for its use as a rectifier.
(b) With the help of a circuit diagram, explain the working of a full wave
rectifier.
28. Explain the following giving reasons:
(a) A doped semiconductor is electrically neutral.
(b) Ina p-n junction under equilibrium, there is no net current.
(c) In a diode, the reverse current is practically not dependent on the
applied voltage.
SECTION-D
Questions number 29 and 30 are case study based questions. Read the
following Paragraphs and answer the questions that follow.
29. Dielectrics play an important role in design of capacitors. The molecules of
a dielectric may be polar or non-polar. When a dielectric slab is placed in
an external electric field, opposite charges appear on the two surfaces of
the slab perpendicular to electric field. Due to this an electric field is
established inside the dielectric.
The capacitance of a capacitor is determined by the dielectric constant of
the material that fills the space between the plates. Consequently, the
energy storage capacity of a capacitor is also affected. Like resistors,
capacitors can also be arranged in series and/or parallel.
(i) Which of the following is a polar molecule?
(a) O2 (b) H2
(c) N2 (d) HCl
(ii) Which of the following statements about dielectrics is correct? |
(a) A polar dielectric has a net dipole moment in absence of an
external electric field which gets modified due to the induced
dipoles.
(b) The net dipole moments of induced dipoles is along the direction
of the applied electric field.
(c) Dielectrics contain free charges.
(d) The electric field produced due to induced surface charge inside a
dielectric is along the external electric field.
(iii) When a dielectric slab is inserted between the plates of an isolated
charged capacitor, the energy stored in it
(a) increase and the electric field inside it also increase.
(b) decreases and the electric field also decreases.
(c) decreases and the electric field increase.
(d) increases and the electric field decreases.
(iv) An air-filled capacitor with plate area A and plate separation d has
capacitance C0. A Slab of dielectric constant K, area A and thickness
𝑑
is inserted between the plates. The capacitance of the capacitor
5
will become
4K K+5
(a) C0 (b) C0
5K+1 4
5K K+4
(c) C0 (d) C0
5K+1 5K
OR
Two capacitors of capacitances 2 C0 and 6 C0 are first connected in series
and then in parallel across the same battery. The ratio of energies stored in
series combination to that in parallel is
1 1
(a) (b)
4 6
2 3
(c) (d)
15 16
30. A prism is an optical medium bounded by three refracting plane surfaces.
A ray of light suffers successive refractions on passing through its two
surfaces and deviates by a certain angle from its original path. The
A+δ m
refractive index of the material of the prism 1s given by 𝜇 = sin /
2
A
sin . If the angle of incidence on the second surface is greater than an
2
angle called critical angle, the ray will not be refracted from the second and
is totally internally reflected.
(i) The critical angle for glass is θ1 , and that for water θ2 . The critical
angle for glass-water surface would be (given: aμg = 1.5, aμω = 1.33)
(a) less than θ2 (b) between θ1 , and θ2
(c) greater than θ2 (d) less than θ1
(ii) When a ray of light of wavelength λ and frequency v is refracted into
a denser medium
(a) λ and v both increase. (b) λ increases but v is unchanged
(b) λ decreases but v is unchanged (d) λ and v both decrease.
(iii) The critical angle for a ray of light passing from glass to water is
minimum for
(a) red colour (b) blue colour
(c) yellow colour (d) violet colour
OR
(iv) Three beams of red, yellow and violet colours are passed through a
prism, one by one under the same condition. When the prism is in
the position of minimum deviation, the angles of refraction from the
second surface are rR, rY and rV respectively. Then
(a) rV < rY < rR (b) rY < rR < rV
(c) rR < rY < rV (d) rR = RY = RV
(v) A ray of light is incident normally on a prism ABC of refractive
index 2, as shown in figure. After it strikes face AC, it will
(a) go straight undeviated
(b) just graze along the face AC
(c) refract and go out of the prism
(d) undergo total internal reflection
SECTION-E
31. (a) (i) Draw equipotential surface for an electric dipole.
(ii) Two obtain charges q1 and q2 are located at 𝑟1 and 𝑟2 , respectively
in an external field 𝐸 . Obtained in expression for the potential
energy of the system.
(iii) The dipole moment of a molecule is 10-30 Cm. It is placed in an
electric field 𝐸 of 105 V/m such that its axis is along the electric
field. The direction of 𝐸 is suddenly changed by 600 at an instant.
Find the change in the potential energy of the dipole, at that
instant.
OR
(b) (i) A thin spherical shell of radius R has a uniform surface charge
density σ. Using Gauss’s law, deduce an expression for electric
field (i) outside and (ii) inside the shell.
(ii) Two along straight thin wires AB and CD have linear charge
densities 10 μ C/m and -20 μ C/m, respectively. They are kept
parallel to each other at a distance 1 m. Find magnitude and
direction of the net electric field at a point midway between them.
32. (a) (i) You are given three circuit elements X, Y and Z. They are connected
one by one across a given ac source. It is found that V and I are in phase
𝜋 𝜋
for element X. V leads I by for element Y while I leads V by for
4 4
element Z. Identify elements X, Y and Z.
(ii) In a series LCR circuit, obtain the conditions under which (a)
impedence is minimum and (b) wattless current flows in the circuit.
OR
(b) (i) Describe the construction and working of a transformer and hence
VS
obtain the relation for in terms of number of terms of primary and
VP
secondary.
(ii) Discuss four main cause of energy loss in a real transformer.
33. (a) (i) A plane light wave propagating from a rarer into a denser medium,
is incident at an angle i on the surface separating two media. Using
Huygen’s principle, draw the refracted wave and hence verify Snell’s law
of refraction.
(ii) In a Young’s double slit experiment, the slits are separated by 0.30 mm
and the screen is kept 1.5 m away. The wavelength of light used is 600 nm.
Calculate the distance between the central bright fringe and the 4th dark
fringe.5
OR
(b) (i) Discuss briefly diffraction of light from a single slit and draw the
shape of the diffraction pattern.
(ii) An object is placed between the pole and the focus of a concave mirror.
Using mirror formula, prove mathematically that it produce a virtual and
an enlarged image.