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Class12 Physics Notes

The document provides basic notes for Class 12 Physics, covering key concepts in various chapters including electric charges, electrostatics, current electricity, magnetism, electromagnetic induction, alternating current, optics, dual nature of light, atomic models, nuclear physics, and semiconductor electronics. Each chapter outlines fundamental laws, formulas, and principles essential for understanding the subject. The notes serve as a concise reference for students preparing for examinations.

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anshika priya
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45 views3 pages

Class12 Physics Notes

The document provides basic notes for Class 12 Physics, covering key concepts in various chapters including electric charges, electrostatics, current electricity, magnetism, electromagnetic induction, alternating current, optics, dual nature of light, atomic models, nuclear physics, and semiconductor electronics. Each chapter outlines fundamental laws, formulas, and principles essential for understanding the subject. The notes serve as a concise reference for students preparing for examinations.

Uploaded by

anshika priya
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Class 12 Physics: Basic Notes

Chapter 1: Electric Charges and Fields

- Charge: Two types - positive and negative. Like charges repel, unlike attract.

- Coulomb's Law: F = k * (q1 * q2) / r^2

- Electric Field (E): E = F / q

- Electric Field Lines: Start from positive, end on negative.

- Electric Dipole: Two equal and opposite charges separated by a distance.

Chapter 2: Electrostatic Potential and Capacitance

- Electric Potential (V): V = kQ / r

- Capacitance (C): C = Q / V

- Parallel Plate Capacitor: C = A / d

Chapter 3: Current Electricity

- Ohm's Law: V = IR

- Resistance (R), Resistivity ()

- Series and Parallel Combinations

Chapter 4: Moving Charges and Magnetism

- Magnetic Force: F = qvBsin

- Right-Hand Rule

- Ampere's Law: Bdl = I

Chapter 5: Magnetism and Matter

- Magnetization (M)

- Magnetic materials: Dia-, Para-, Ferro-


Chapter 6: Electromagnetic Induction

- Faraday's Law: = -dB/dt

- Lenz's Law

Chapter 7: Alternating Current

- AC Voltage: V = Vsint

- Impedance in RLC Circuit: Z = (R + (XL - XC))

Chapter 8: Electromagnetic Waves

- EM Waves: Transverse, speed = 310 m/s

- EM Spectrum

Chapter 9: Ray Optics

- Laws of Reflection and Refraction

- Lens Formula: 1/f = 1/v - 1/u

Chapter 10: Wave Optics

- YDSE, Interference

- Fringe Width: x = D/d

Chapter 11: Dual Nature

- Photoelectric Effect: Ek = h -

- de Broglie: = h/p

Chapter 12: Atoms

- Bohr's Model: mvr = n


Chapter 13: Nuclei

- Nuclear Radius: R = RA^(1/3)

- Radioactivity: Half-life

Chapter 14: Semiconductor Electronics

- Intrinsic and Extrinsic semiconductors

- Diodes, Logic Gates (AND, OR, NOT)

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