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Random Numbers

The document outlines a lecture on generating random numbers in C++, including the use of the rand() function and how to set the seed with srand(). It provides examples of generating random integers within specific ranges and describes a class activity involving user interaction to answer a math question based on generated numbers. The document also includes tasks for students to practice generating random integers and a preview of the next lecture topics, which will cover loops.

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Talha Shahzad
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13 views10 pages

Random Numbers

The document outlines a lecture on generating random numbers in C++, including the use of the rand() function and how to set the seed with srand(). It provides examples of generating random integers within specific ranges and describes a class activity involving user interaction to answer a math question based on generated numbers. The document also includes tasks for students to practice generating random integers and a preview of the next lecture topics, which will cover loops.

Uploaded by

Talha Shahzad
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Previous Lecture Outline

Ternary Operators
Switch in C++
Lecture Outline
Generating Random Numbers
Class Activities for Random numbers
Generating Random Numbers
• You can use the rand() function to obtain a random integer.
• This function returns a random integer between 0 and RAND_MAX.
RAND_MAX is platform-dependent constant.
• The rand() function’s algorithm uses a value called the seed to control
how to generate the numbers. By default, the seed value is 1.
• If you change the seed to a different value, the sequence of random
numbers will be different. To change the seed, use the srand(seed)
function in the cstdlib header file.
• srand(time(0)); produces a different output every time you run the
program.
Generating random numbers:

• To obtain a random integer between 0 and 9, use


rand() % 10
• To obtain a random integer between 0 and 99, use
rand() % 100
Activity: Generating Random Numbers
• The program may be set up to work as follows:
Step 1: Generate two single-digit integers into number1 and
number2.
Step 2: Ask user to enter y if he/she wants to play this game.
Step 3: if user enters yes Prompt the user to answer “What is
number1 + number2?”
Step 4: Check the student’s answer and display whether it is
correct. If user guess correct answer, display Congratulations
otherwise print sorry
Generating random number between lower and upper bound

Example:
Generating random numbers between 1 and 6 where 1 = minimum value and 6 =
maximum value

Formula = (rand()%(maximum value-minimum value+1))+minimum value


Tasks
• Which of the following is a possible output from invoking rand()?
323.4, 5, 34, 1, 0.5, 0.234
a. How do you generate a random integer i such that 0<=i < 20?
b. How do you generate a random integer i such that 10<=i<=20?
c. How do you generate a random integer i such that 10 <=i<=50?
Solution for c
low=10
high = 50
rand()%(high-low+1)+low
d. Find out what RAND_MAX is on your machine.
Task

Write a program which ask user to generate a random number


between 1 and 3 and print apple if random number is 1, prints,
grapes if random number is 2 and prints peach if number is 3 (note
use switch)
Next Lecture

For loop
While loop

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