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TNPSC Group4 Indian Polity Notes

The document provides an overview of the Indian Constitution, highlighting its adoption date, salient features, and the structure of government including the Union and State executives and legislatures. It covers fundamental rights and duties, directive principles, local governance, and key aspects like the judiciary, elections, and anti-corruption measures. Additionally, it emphasizes the importance of women's empowerment, consumer protection, and human rights in the context of Indian polity, specifically for TNPSC Group 4 exam preparation.

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157 views4 pages

TNPSC Group4 Indian Polity Notes

The document provides an overview of the Indian Constitution, highlighting its adoption date, salient features, and the structure of government including the Union and State executives and legislatures. It covers fundamental rights and duties, directive principles, local governance, and key aspects like the judiciary, elections, and anti-corruption measures. Additionally, it emphasizes the importance of women's empowerment, consumer protection, and human rights in the context of Indian polity, specifically for TNPSC Group 4 exam preparation.

Uploaded by

javierglory00
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Indian Polity Notes - TNPSC Group 4

1. Constitution of India:

- Adopted on 26th November 1949, came into force on 26th January 1950.

- It is the supreme law of India.

2. Preamble to the Constitution:

- Declares India to be a Sovereign, Socialist, Secular, Democratic Republic.

- Aims to secure Justice, Liberty, Equality, and promote Fraternity.

3. Salient Features of the Constitution:

- Lengthiest written constitution.

- Blend of rigidity and flexibility.

- Parliamentary form of government.

- Federal system with a unitary bias.

- Independent judiciary and universal adult franchise.

4. Union, State, and Union Territory:

- India has 28 States and 8 Union Territories.

- Power divided between Union and States.

5. Citizenship:

- Provided in Part II (Articles 5-11).

- Citizenship by birth, descent, registration, naturalization, and incorporation of territory.


6. Fundamental Rights:

- Six rights under Articles 12 to 35.

- Right to Equality, Freedom, Against Exploitation, Freedom of Religion, Cultural & Educational

Rights, Constitutional Remedies.

7. Fundamental Duties:

- 11 duties listed in Article 51A.

- Added by the 42nd Amendment in 1976.

8. Directive Principles of State Policy:

- Part IV, Articles 36-51.

- Guidelines for framing laws to establish a just society.

9. Union Executive:

- President, Vice-President, Prime Minister, Council of Ministers.

10. Union Legislature:

- Parliament: Lok Sabha and Rajya Sabha.

11. State Executive:

- Governor, Chief Minister, Council of Ministers.

12. State Legislature:

- Legislative Assembly and Legislative Council (in some states).

13. Local Governments and Panchayat Raj:


- 73rd and 74th Amendments.

- Panchayats in rural areas; Municipalities in urban areas.

14. Spirit of Federalism:

- Division of powers between Centre and States.

- Three lists: Union, State, Concurrent.

15. Elections:

- Conducted by Election Commission of India.

- Free and fair elections are the foundation of democracy.

16. Judiciary in India:

- Independent and integrated judiciary.

- Supreme Court at the top.

17. Rule of Law:

- Law is supreme and applies equally to all citizens.

18. Corruption and Anti-Corruption Measures:

- Central Vigilance Commission, Lokpal, Lokayuktas.

19. Right to Information (RTI):

- RTI Act 2005 empowers citizens to access information from public authorities.

20. Empowerment of Women:

- Legal and constitutional safeguards.


- Reservation in local bodies.

21. Consumer Protection:

- Consumer Protection Act 2019.

- Consumer courts and redressal forums.

22. Human Rights Charter:

- National Human Rights Commission (NHRC).

- Protects individual rights and freedoms.

23. Political System in India and Tamil Nadu:

- Multi-party system.

- Dravidian parties' role in Tamil Nadu politics.

24. Current Affairs:

- Stay updated with national and state-level news related to polity and governance.

Prepared for TNPSC Group 4 Competitive Exam.

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