Homework 4 – Electric Circuits II: Power Factor
Hayt 7th Ed. Chapter 11
42. (a) Find the power factor at which the source in the circuit of Fig. 11.48 is operating.
(b) Find the average power being supplied by the source. (c) What size capacitor should
be placed in parallel with the source to cause its power factor to be unity?
Figure 11.48 Figure 11.54
44. Let us visualize a network operating at f = 50 Hz that utilizes loads connected in
series and carrying a common current of 10∠0° A rms. Such a system is the dual of one
operating with parallel loads and a common voltage. In the series system, a load would be
turned off by short-circuiting it; open circuits would cause all kinds of fireworks. Two
loads are on this particular system: 𝒁& = 30∠15°Ω and 𝒁, = 40∠40°Ω. (a) At what
PF is the source operating? (b) What is the apparent power drawn by the combination of
the two loads? (c) Is the combined load inductive or capacitive in character?
50. Find the complex power being delivered to a load that (a) draws 500 VA at a leading
PF of 0.75; (b) draws 500 W at a leading PF of 0.75; (c) draws -500 VAR at a PF of 0.75.
53. A 250 V rms system is supplying three parallel loads. One draws 20 kW at unity
power factor, a second uses 25kVA at PF = 0.80 lagging, and the third requires a power
of 30kW at a lagging PF of 0.75. (a) Find the total power supplied by the source. (b) Find
the total apparent power supplied by the source. (c) At what PF does the source operate?
54. A cookie-baking operation has a monthly average demand of 200kW and a monthly
average reactive requirement of 280 kVAR. In an effort to recoup losses and encourage
its customers to operate at high PF, a certain local utility charges a penalty of
$0.22/kVAR for kVAR above a benchmark value computed as 0.65 times the peak
average power demand. (a) Using the rate schedule above, what is the annual cost to this
utility customer associated with PF penalties? (b) Calculate the target PF on which the
utility policy is based. (c) If compensation is available through the utility company at a
cost of $200 per 100 kVAR increment and $395 per 200kVAR increment, what is the
most cost-effective solution for the customer?
59. (1) Find the complex power delivered to each passive element in the circuit of Fig.
11.54 and (b) show that the sum of those values is equal to the complex power generated
by the source. (c) Is this result true for the values of apparent power? (d) What is the
average power delivered by the source? (e) What is the reactive power delivered by the
source?
[email protected]
Homework 4 – Electric Circuits II: Power Factor
Answers
42. (a) 0.897 lagging (b) 991.7 W (c) 90.1 mF
44. (a) 0.8719 lagging (b) 6840 VA (c) inductive
50. (a) 375 - j330.7 VA (b) 500 - j441.0 VA (c) S = 566.9 - j500 VA
53. (a) 70 KW (b) 81360 VA (c) 0.8604 lagging
54. (a) $396/year (b) 0.8385 lagging (c) the single 200 KVAR increment is the most
economical choice
59. (a) 521.8 ∠3.049° kVA, 37.81 ∠ 0° kVA, 49.55 ∠ -90° kVA, 77.28 ∠ 90° kVA, 483.1
∠ 0° kVA (b) 521.6 ∠ 3.014° kVA (c) NO! Phase angle is important! (d) 521 kW (e)
27.75 kVAR
[email protected]
