IN J U RIES
TYP E S
ES OF INJ U R I
1. SPRAIN
A sprain is an injury to the
ligaments around a joint.
Ligaments are strong, flexible
fibers that hold bones
together. When a ligament is
stretched too far or tears, the
joint will become painful and
swell.
FIRST AID FOR SPRAIN
FOLLOW THE INSTRUCTIONS FOR R.I.C.E METHOD
REST- THE INJURED LIMB.
ICE- THE AREA
COMPRESS- THE AREA WITH AN ELASTIC
WRAP OR BANDAGE
ELEVATE- THE INJURED LIMB
2. STRAIN
A strain is when a muscle is
stretched too much and
tears. It is also called a
pulled muscle. A strain is a
painful injury. It can be
caused by an accident,
overusing a muscle, or
using a muscle in the wrong
way.
2. STRAIN
CAUSE: SYMPTOMS: PREVENTION:
TOO MUCH PHYSICAL PAIN AND DIFFICULTY THE FOLLOWING TIPS MAY HELP YOU
ACTIVITY OR EFFORT MOVING THE INJURED REDUCE YOUR RISK OF A STRAIN:
MUSCLE
IMPROPERLY WARMING UP WARM-UP PROPERLY BEFORE
BEFORE A PHYSICAL DISCOLORED AND BRUISED EXERCISE AND SPORTS.
ACTIVITY SKIN KEEP YOUR MUSCLES STRONG
AND FLEXIBLE.
POOR FLEXIBILITY SWELLING
FIRST AID FOR STRAIN
1. Apply ice right away to reduce swelling. Wrap the ice in
cloth.
2. Use ice for the first 3 days. After 3 days, either heat or
ice may be helpful if you still have pain.
3. Rest the pulled muscle for at least a day. If possible,
keep the pulled muscle raised above your heart.
4. Try not to use a strained muscle while it is still painful.
When the pain starts to go away, you can slowly
increase activity by gently stretching the injured
muscle.
3. MUSCLE CRAMPS
Cramps are the contracting/over-
shortening of muscles as a result
causing an unpleasant sensation
or pain.
TREATMENT OPTIONS FOR MUSCLE CRAMP
STRETCH AND MASSAGE MEDICATION
ICEPACK FURTHER TREATMENT
4. FRACTURE
A fracture is a broken bone,
the same as a crack or a
break. A bone may be
completely fractured or
partially fractured in any
number of ways (crosswise,
lengthwise, in multiple
pieces)
TAKE THESE ACTIONS IMMEDIATELY WHILE WAITING FOR MEDICAL HELP:
APPLY ICE PACKS TO LIMIT
STOP ANY BLEEDING SWELLING AND HELP RELIEVE PAIN
IMMOBILIZE THE INJURED AREA TREAT FOR SHOCK
5. DISLOCATION
A dislocation is a separation of two
bones where they meet at a joint.
This injury can be very painful and
can temporarily deform and
immobilize the joint. The most
common locations for a
dislocation are shoulders and
fingers, but can also occur in
elbows, knees and hips.
IF YOU BELIEVE THAT YOU HAVE DISLOCATED A JOINT:
1. Don't delay medical care. Get medical help
immediately.
2. Don't move the joint. Until you receive help, splint
the affected joint into its fixed position. Don't try to
move a dislocated joint or force it back into place.
This can damage the joint and its surrounding
muscles, ligaments, nerves, or blood vessels.
3. Put ice on the injured joint. This can help reduce
swelling by controlling internal bleeding and the
build-up of fluids in and around the injured joint.
6. BLISTERS
A blister is a painful skin condition where fluid fills a
space between layers of skin.
If you get a water blister, care for it as follows:
1. Scrub the area gently with soap and water to
clean thoroughly.
2. Gently swab with alcohol or surgical preparation.
3. Make two incisions at the outer edge of the
blister. Slowly press out the superficial fluid
4. Apply ointment or first-aid cream.
5. Bandage until healed completely.
SPLINT
BA DA
N NGI
G
SPLINT
A splint is a supportive device used to
keep in place any suspected fracture in
one's arm or leg.
Splint is used to:
Provide pain relief of the fractured
limb.
Support bone ends of the fracture
site.
Facilitate safe and seamless
causality transport.
TWO TYPES OF SPLINT
FLEXIBLE SPLINT RIGID SPLINT
ANY RIGID OBJECT, SUCH AS
ANY FLEXIBLE OBJECT, LIKE A
WOOD OR PLASTIC BOARDS,
PILLOW OR A BED SHEET WITH
BROOMSTICK, BOOK OR A
SEVERAL FOLDS. THIS TYPE IS
ROLLED-OUT NEWSPAPERS,
USED FOR FOOT, ANKLE AND
WHICH CAN BE USED TO
JOINT FRACTURES.
SPLINT A FRACTURED ARM OR
LEG.
STEPS HOW TO PUT RIGID SPLINTING
SUPPORT THE INJURED AREA ABOVE AND
1 BELOW THE SITE OF THE INJURY. TIE SEVERAL FOLDED TRIANGULAR BANDAGES
4 ABOVE AND BELOW THE INJURED AREA.
2 CHECK FOR FEELING WARMTH AND COLOR.
PLACE THE RIGID SPLINT (BOARD) UNDER THE INJURED
5 RECHECK FOR FEELING, WARMTH, AND COLOR
3 AREA AND THE JOINTS THAT ARE ABOVE AND BELOW THE
INJURED AREA.
BANDAGING
A BANDAGE IS A PIECE OF MATERIAL
USED EITHER TO COVERING WOUNDS,
TO KEEP DRESSINGS IN PLACE, TO
APPLYING PRESSURE CONTROLLING
BLEEDING, TO SUPPORT A MEDICAL
DEVICE SUCH AS A SPLINT, OR ON
ITS OWN TO PROVIDE SUPPORT TO
THE BODY.
TYPES OF BANDAGES
TRIANGULAR AND CRAVAT BANDAGES
ROLLER BANDAGES
TAILED BANDAGES
TYPES OF BANDAGES
TRIANGULAR AND CRAVAT BANDAGES
THE TRIANGULAR BANDAGE IS USED FOR THE
TEMPORARY OR PERMANENT BANDAGING OF WOUNDS,
THE IMMOBILIZATION OF FRACTURES AND
DISLOCATIONS, AND AS A SLING FOR THE SUPPORT
OF AN INJURED PART OF THE BODY.
SQUARE KNOT
KINDS OF TRIANGULAR AND CRAVAT BANDAGE
TRIANGLE OF FOREHEAD SCALP
THE TRIANGLE OF FOREHEAD OR SCALP (FRONT- OCCIPITAL)
IS USED TO HOLD DRESSINGS ON THE FOREHEAD OR SCALP.
KINDS OF TRIANGULAR AND CRAVAT BANDAGE
TRIANGULAR ARM SLING
THE TRIANGULAR ARM
SLING (BRACHIO-
CERVICAL TRIANGLE)
IS USED FOR THE
SUPPORT OF FRACTURES
OR INJURIES OF HAND,
WRIST, AND FOREARM.
KINDS OF TRIANGULAR AND CRAVAT BANDAGE
TRIANGLE OF CHEST OR BACK
THIS BANDAGE IS USED TO HOLD DRESSING ON BURNS OR WOUNDS OF CHEST OR
BACK.
KINDS OF TRIANGULAR AND CRAVAT BANDAGE
TRIANGLE OF FOOT
THE TRIANGLE OF THE FOOT IS USED TO HOLD DRESSINGS OF
CONSIDERABLE SIZE ON THE FOOT.
KINDS OF TRIANGULAR AND CRAVAT BANDAGE
TRIANGLE OF HAND
THE TRIANGLE OF THE
HAND IS USED TO HOLD
DRESSINGS OF
CONSIDERABLE SIZE ON
THE HAND.
KINDS OF TRIANGULAR AND CRAVAT BANDAGE
CRAVAT OF HEAD OR EAR
THE PURPOSE OF THIS
BANDAGE IS TO APPLY
PRESSURE TO CONTROL
HEMORRAGE FROM
WOUNDS OR SCALP, OR
TO HOLD DRESSING ON
WOUNDS OF EARS OR
LOWER SCALP.
KINDS OF TRIANGULAR AND CRAVAT BANDAGE
CRAVAT OF JAW
THE CRAVAT OF JAW
(MENTO-VERTICO-OCCIPITAL
CRAVAT) IS SUED TO HOLD
DRESSINGS ON THE CHIN,
CHEECKS AND SCALP AND AS
TEMPORARY SUPPORT TO
IMMOBILIZE A FRACTURE OR
DISLOCATED JAW.
KINDS OF TRIANGULAR AND CRAVAT BANDAGE
CRAVAT OF ELBOW
THE CRAVAT OF THE ELBOW IS USED TO HOLD DRESSINGS AROUND THE
ELBOW.
KINDS OF TRIANGULAR AND CRAVAT BANDAGE
CRAVAT OF KNEE
THE CRAVAT OF THE KNEE IS USED TO HOLD DRESSINGS AROUND THE KNEE.
KINDS OF TRIANGULAR AND CRAVAT BANDAGE
CRAVAT OF PALM OF HAND
THIS BANDAGE IS USED TO
HOLD DRESSING ON THE PALM
OF THE HAND.
NY QUESTIONS?
A
