Course Name: Electrical Energy Conservation & Auditing

Course code: ELO-412

Assignment
Submission Date: 12-March-25

Case Study Topics

1. The Impact of Renewable Energy Policies on India's Energy Transition

Analyze how government policies have facilitated or hindered the growth of
renewable energy in India. Examine specific initiatives, such as the National Solar
Mission, and their outcomes.

2. Comparative Analysis of Global Energy Policies: Lessons for India

Investigate energy policies from leading countries in renewable energy adoption,
such as Germany or Denmark. Discuss the applicability of these lessons to India's
unique energy challenges and opportunities.

3. Energy Storage Solutions: A Case Study on Advancements in India

Explore the role of energy storage technologies in supporting India's renewable
energy goals. Highlight specific projects or companies that are pioneering
innovative storage solutions.

4. Energy Security in India: Challenges and Strategies

Evaluate the current state of energy security in India, focusing on geopolitical
factors, resource availability, and the impact of climate change. Discuss strategies
that can enhance energy security.

5. The Role of Regulatory Bodies in Shaping India's Energy Market

Analyze the functions and effectiveness of CERC and SERCs in regulating energy
pricing and ensuring fair practices in the Indian energy market. Include case
studies of specific regulatory decisions.

6. Evaluating the Energy Conservation Act (2001): Impacts and Updates

 Assess the effectiveness of the Energy Conservation Act since its implementation.
Discuss recent updates and their implications for energy efficiency across various
sectors.

7. Public-Private Partnerships in Renewable Energy Development

Investigate successful public-private partnerships (PPPs) in India's renewable
energy sector. Analyze how these collaborations have contributed to project
implementation and innovation.
8. Socioeconomic Impacts of Renewable Energy Adoption in Rural India
Examine how the transition to renewable energy sources has affected rural
communities in India, focusing on economic development, job creation, and
access to electricity.

9. The Future of Coal in India: Balancing Economic Growth and Sustainability

Explore the role of coal in India's energy mix amidst growing environmental
concerns. Discuss potential pathways for a just transition for coal-dependent
regions.

10. Energy Pricing Mechanisms: A Case Study on Consumer Impact

Analyze how different pricing mechanisms implemented by regulatory bodies
affect consumers' electricity bills and overall consumption patterns in India.

UNIT-2
1. Principles and Technologies of Energy Conservation

Case Study: Implementation of Energy Conservation Measures in a Manufacturing

Plant

 Introduction: Overview of the plant and energy consumption pattern.

 Problem Statement: High energy consumption and inefficiency.
 Energy Conservation Measures Adopted:
o Retrofitting old equipment with energy-efficient alternatives.
o Process optimization and automation.
o Use of renewable energy sources (solar, biomass, etc.).
 Outcome and Savings: Reduction in energy consumption, cost savings, and ROI.

2. Energy Efficiency Principles and Standards

Case Study: Compliance with ISO 50001 in an Industrial Facility

  Introduction: Importance of ISO 50001 for energy management.
 Energy Efficiency Audit and Assessment: Identifying inefficiencies.
 Implementation of Standards: Adopting best practices and upgrading equipment.
 Impact: Reduction in energy consumption and improved operational performance.

3. Smart Grid and IoT for Energy Efficiency

Case Study: Smart Metering and Demand Response in Residential Areas

 Introduction: Explanation of smart grids and IoT in energy management.

 Project Description: Installation of smart meters in 1,000 households.
 Technological Solution: Use of real-time monitoring and predictive analytics.
 Result: Reduction in peak load and enhanced user awareness of consumption
patterns.

4. Energy Conservation in Industry: Case Studies

a. Cement Industry

 Case Study: Waste Heat Recovery System Implementation

b. Steel Industry

 Case Study: Energy Optimization in Electric Arc Furnaces

c. Textile Industry

 Case Study: Process Heat Recovery and Efficient Boiler Use

d. Chemical Industry

 Case Study: Optimization of Pumping Systems for Energy Efficiency

Common Sections for Each Industry Case Study:

 Introduction to Industry Energy Demand

 Challenges in Energy Consumption
 Energy-Saving Strategies
 Results and Impact
5. Building Energy Efficiency: HVAC, Lighting, and BMS

Case Study: Green Building Retrofitting Project

 Introduction: Overview of the building and its energy usage.

 Technological Interventions:
o Upgrading to energy-efficient HVAC systems.
o LED lighting and daylight integration.
o Building Management System (BMS) implementation for real-time control.
 Outcomes: Reduction in energy use intensity (EUI) and greenhouse gas emissions.

6. Energy-Saving Strategies in Transportation and Electric Vehicles

Case Study: Fleet Electrification in a Logistics Company

 Introduction: Energy use in conventional vs. electric vehicles.

 Strategy and Implementation: Transition plan, charging infrastructure, and vehicle
monitoring.
 Impact and Benefits: Energy savings, reduced operational costs, and carbon footprint
reduction.

7. Electricity Tariff, Load Management, and Maximum Demand Control

Case Study: Demand Response Strategy in a Commercial Complex

 Introduction: Concept of demand charges and peak load management.

 Solution: Load shifting, battery storage, and real-time control of high-load
equipment.
 Outcome: Peak demand reduction and lower electricity bills.

8. Power Factor Improvement, Selection, and Location of Capacitors

Case Study: Power Factor Correction in a Manufacturing Unit

 Introduction: Explanation of power factor and its impact on energy bills.

 Problem: Low power factor and high reactive power charges.
 Solution: Installation of capacitor banks at optimal locations.
 Results: Improved power factor, reduced energy losses, and cost savings.
 UNIT-3
1. Energy Management, Audit Techniques, and Feasibility Studies

Case Study: Comprehensive Energy Audit in a Food Processing Industry

 Introduction: Overview of energy management and need for an audit.

 Audit Objectives: Identify energy-saving opportunities and assess technical and
economic feasibility.
 Tools and Techniques Used:
o Data logging and monitoring with IoT-based sensors.
o Use of energy simulation software.
 Recommendations: Process optimization, equipment replacement, and renewable
energy integration.
 Results: Energy savings, cost reduction, and ROI.

2. Energy Management Framework: ISO 50001

Case Study: ISO 50001 Implementation in a Pharmaceutical Plant

 Introduction: Overview of ISO 50001 and its relevance to the industry.

 Implementation Process:
o Energy baseline development.
o Defining energy performance indicators (EnPIs).
o Employee training and continuous improvement strategies.
 Results: Improved energy performance, regulatory compliance, and enhanced
corporate image.

3. Energy Audit Process: Tools and Techniques

Case Study: Predictive Energy Audit Using Digital Twin and Machine Learning

 Introduction: Role of advanced technologies in energy audits.

 Digital Twin Technology: Real-time monitoring and virtual replication of a
manufacturing unit.
 Machine Learning Algorithms: Predictive maintenance and anomaly detection.
 Outcomes: Increased accuracy of energy-saving predictions and preventive action
recommendations.
4. Energy Audit Reporting: Best Practices and Cost-Benefit Analysis

Case Study: Detailed Energy Audit Report for an Office Building

 Introduction: Purpose and scope of the audit.

 Audit Findings:
o Energy consumption analysis by category (HVAC, lighting, etc.).
o Identified inefficiencies and energy-saving opportunities.
 Cost-Benefit Analysis: Investment requirements, energy savings, and simple payback
period.
 Report Presentation: Visual aids, executive summary, and implementation roadmap.

5. Material and Energy Balance: Advanced Methodologies and Simulation

Software

Case Study: Process Optimization in a Chemical Plant Using Simulation Software

 Introduction: Concept of material and energy balance in industrial processes.

 Advanced Methodologies:
o Use of simulation software (e.g., Aspen Plus, MATLAB) for process
optimization.
o Data analysis and heat recovery potential.
 Outcomes: Reduction in raw material and energy consumption, improved efficiency.

6. Techno-Economic Feasibility Studies: NPV, IRR, Payback Period

Case Study: Feasibility Study for Solar PV Installation in a Commercial Building

 Introduction: Need for renewable energy in commercial buildings.

 Technical Analysis: System design, sizing, and energy generation potential.
 Economic Analysis:
o Net Present Value (NPV)
o Internal Rate of Return (IRR)
o Simple Payback Period
 Conclusion: Decision-making based on financial metrics.

7. Regulatory Compliance and Financial Incentives for Energy-Efficient Projects

Case Study: Energy-Efficient Retrofits in a Textile Industry with Financial Support

from Government Schemes
 Introduction: Overview of regulatory frameworks and available financial incentives.
 Compliance Requirements: Environmental and energy efficiency standards.
 Incentives and Support: Government grants, tax benefits, and low-interest loans.
 Results: Successful implementation, compliance achieved, and reduced project cost
through incentives.