1
1 A cyclist travels to a friend’s house.
Fig. 1.1 shows the distance–time graph of the journey.
1000
E
distance / m
800
D
600
400
B C
200
A
0
0 100 200 300 400 500
time / s
Fig. 1.1
(a) Determine the distance travelled by the cyclist between points C and E.
distance travelled = .................................................... m [2]
(b) Describe the motion, if any, of the cyclist between points B and C. .................................... [1]
(c) State the section, AB, BC, CD or DE, of the graph in which the speed of the cyclist is the
fastest. Give a reason for your answer.
section of graph ....................................................
reason ............................................................................................................................ [2]
(d) Calculate the average speed of the cyclist between points A and E. Include the unit in your
answer.
average speed = ................................ unit ................. [4]
[Total: 9]
2
2 A slope is made by resting one end of a plank of wood on a block, as shown in Fig. 2.1.
plank trolley
block of wood
Fig. 2.1
Two students each use a digital stop‑ watch to measure the time for a small trolley to roll down the
full length of the slope.
Fig. 2.2 shows the times on the stop‑ watches.
100
student 1 time =........................ s
100
student 2 time =........................ s
Fig. 2.2
(a) (i) On the line next to each stop‑ watch, write the time it shows. [1]
(ii) Calculate the average time for the trolley to roll down the slope.
average time = ....................................................... s [2]
(iii) The students want the same trolley to take more time to roll down the plank.
Suggest how the students alter the arrangement in Fig. 2.1.
............................................................................................................................... [1]
3
5
(b) A different trolley travels 1.2 m down the slope in a time of 7.8 s.
Calculate the average speed of the trolley.
average speed = .................................................. m / s [3]
(c) The trolley travels down a different slope. Fig. 2.3 shows the speed–time graph.
1.6
1.4
speed
m / s 1.2
1.0
0.8
0.6
0.4
0.2
0
0 1.0 2.0 3.0 4.0
time / s
Fig. 2.3
Calculate the distance travelled by the trolley between time = 0 and time = 4.0 s.
distance travelled = ...................................................... m [3]
[Total: 10]
4
3 Fig. 3.1 shows a plant pot falling from an upstairs balcony. The plant pot has a constant acceleration
as it falls.
balcony
plant pot
ground level
Fig. 3.1
(a) State the cause of the acceleration.
. ..................................................................................................................................... [1]
(b) Fig. 3.2 shows the speed–time graph for the falling plant pot. The plant pot hits the ground at
time = 1.8 s.
16
speed
m/s
12
0
0 0.4 0.8 1.2 1.6 2.0
time / s
Fig. 3.2
Determine the height of the balcony above the ground using the information shown in Fig. 3.2.
height = ...................................................... m [3]
[Total: 4]
5
4 A car accelerates uniformly in a straight line from rest at time t = 0. At t = 3.2 s, the speed of the car
is 13.0 m / s.
(a) (i) Calculate the acceleration of the car.
acceleration =......................................................... [2]
(ii) Explain in words what is meant by the term acceleration.
...........................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................ [1]
(b) The car travels at 13.0 m / s from t = 3.2 s to t = 12.0 s.
(i) Plot the speed–time graph for the car from t = 0 to t = 12.0 s.
14.0
speed 12.0
m/s
10.0
8.0
6.0
4.0
2.0
0
0 2.0 4.0 6.0 8.0 10.0 12.0 14.0 16.0
t/s
[2]
(ii) Determine the distance travelled by the car between t = 0 and t = 3.2 s.
distance =.............................................. [2]
[Total: 7]
6
5 An aeroplane accelerates along a horizontal runway before take-off.
The aeroplane accelerates for 35 s. The speed of the aeroplane when it takes off is 72 m / s.
Fig. 5.1 shows how the speed of the aeroplane varies between time t = 0 and t = 35 s.
72
speed
m/s
0
0 35
t/s
Fig. 5.1
(a) Define acceleration.
...................................................................................................................................................
. ..................................................................................................................................... [1]
(b) (i) Calculate the average acceleration of the aeroplane between t = 0 and t = 35 s.
acceleration =......................................................... [1]
(ii) The combined mass of the aeroplane, its passengers and its fuel on take-off
is 1.1 × 105 kg.
Calculate the average resultant force on the aeroplane between t = 0 and t = 35 s.
force =......................................................... [2]
7
(iii) The force provided by the engines of the aeroplane is constant.
Give one possible explanation for the change in acceleration of the aeroplane between
t = 0 and t = 35 s.
...........................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................... [1]
(iv) On Fig. 5.2, sketch a graph to show how the acceleration of the aircraft varies between
t = 0 and t = 35 s.
acceleration
0
0 35
t/s
Fig. 5.2
[3]
[Total: 8]
8
6 Fig. 6.1 shows a man of mass 80 kg standing in a lift (elevator).
lift
man
floor
Fig. 6.1
The gravitational field strength g is 10 N / kg.
(a) Calculate the weight of the man.
weight =......................................................... [1]
(b) The lift accelerates upwards uniformly at 0.50 m / s2.
Calculate:
(i) the resultant upward force on the man
resultant force =......................................................... [2]
9
(ii) the force exerted on the man by the floor of the lift.
force =......................................................... [1]
(a) The lift accelerates upwards uniformly from rest for 4.0 s and then decelerates
uniformly to rest in 4.0 s. The total distance travelled is 8.0 m.
On Fig. 6.2, sketch the distance-time graph for this journey.
8.0
distance / m
0
0 4.0 8.0
time / s
Fig. 6.2
[3]
[Total: 7]
10
7 Fig. 7.1 shows children about to run a race. They have to run 25 m, pick up a small plastic ring
and run back to the base line. Each child finishes when they cross the base line holding the plastic
ring.
hooter
base line
25 m
plastic rings
Fig. 7.1
(a) (i) Suggest what equipment the teacher uses to measure the length of 25 m.
............................................................................................................................... [1]
(ii) Determine the total distance for the race.
distance = ..................................................... m [1]
11
(b) The teacher records the following information for one of the children.
The child starts to run at time = 0.
The child picks up the ring at time = 9.0 s.
The child finishes the race at time = 17.0 s.
The highest speed occurs as the child finishes the race.
Using this information, sketch a speed–time graph on Fig. 7.2, suggesting how the speed of
this child varies during the race.
speed
0 5 10 15 20
time / s
Fig. 7.2
[3]
(c) In a different race, a child runs 500 m in 4 minutes and 20 seconds.
(i) Determine how many seconds there are in 4 minutes and 20 seconds.
time = ...................................................... s [1]
(ii) Calculate the average speed of the child.
average speed = ................................................. m / s [3]
[Total: 9]
12
8 A student investigates the motion of a trolley as it travels down a slope.
(a) The student makes two measurements to determine the average speed of the trolley as it
travels down the slope.
State the two measurements.
For each measurement, suggest the instrument used for making the measurement.
(i) measurement .................................. instrument used .........................................................
(ii) measurement .................................. instrument used .........................................................
[2]
(b) Fig. 8.1 shows the speed–time graph for a different trolley as it travels down a slope.
30
25
speed
cm / s
20
15
10
0
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
time / s
Fig. 8.1
(i) Determine the speed of the trolley at time = 2.0 s.
speed = ................................................ cm / s [2]
(ii) Determine the distance moved by the trolley from time = 0 to time = 4.0 s.
distance = .................................................... cm [3]
(iii) Using the information in Fig. 1.1, describe the motion of the trolley from time = 0 to
time = 10 s.
...........................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................... [2]
[Total: 9]
13
(c) Fig. 8.1 shows the speed–time graphs for two cars, A and B.
18.0
car B
16.0
speed
m/s 14.0
car A
car A
12.0
10.0
car B
8.0
6.0
4.0
2.0
0
0 10 20 30 40
time / s
Fig. 8.1
(a) (i) Determine the speed of car A at time = 10 s.
speed = ................................................. [3]
14
(ii) State and explain which car, A or B, has the greater acceleration during the first
10 seconds. Use information from the graph in Fig. 2.1 in your explanation.
...........................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................... [2]
(b) (i) Describe the motion of car B after 30 s.
...........................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................... [2]
(ii) Calculate the distance moved by car B from time = 0 to time = 30.0 s.
distance = ..................................................... m [3]
[Total: 10]
