English 2nd Paper

Topic: Special Uses

Shampod Bhowmick
Lecture: 01
 Special Uses
Graphs
Expert Level Investigation

Focus area-1
Type 1 – 10

Focus area-2
Type 11 – 18
 Special Uses
Focus area-1 (graph)
 Special Uses
Focus area-2 (graph)
 Special Uses
TYPE-01: Introductory ‘There/it’
Case:1 (There)

Introductory “There” কী?

যে 'There' বাক্যের শুরুক্ে বক্েও subject হিক্েক্ব যাজ যক্র না হযন্তু অনে যযাক্না word, phrase বা
clause-এর complement বা পহরপূ রয হিক্েক্ব যাজ যক্র এবং োর অর্থ বাক্যে উিে অবস্থায় র্াক্য োক্য
introductory “there” বলা িয়। অর্থাৎ, েখন যযাক্না বাযে শুরু যরার জনে “There” বেবিার যরা িয় েখন এক্য
Introductory “there” বক্ল।

Structure: There + verb + subject + extension

Examples:
✓ There lived an honest doctor in our village.
✓ There was a pond in front of our college.
 Special Uses
TYPE-01: Introductory ‘There/it’
Case:2 (It)
Introductory “it” কী?
যে ‘it' বাক্যের শুরুক্ে বক্েও subject হিক্েক্ব যাজ যক্র না হযন্তু অনে যযাক্না word, phrase বা clause এর
complement বা পহরপূ রয হিক্েক্ব যাজ যক্র এবং োর অর্থ বাক্যে উিে অবস্থায় র্াক্য োক্য Introductory “it”
বলা িয়। অর্থাৎ, েখন যযাক্না বাযে শুরু যরার জনে “it” বেবিার যরা িয় েখন এক্য Introductory “it” বক্ল।
Examples:
✓ It is very hot today. Load-shedding is aggravating the situation.

✓ It is many years since we first met. How does the time fly!
 BOARD QUESTIONS

______ was a pandemic all over the world in 2020 and 2021.
(Mymensingh Board 2024)

Ans: There
______ is difficult to regain lost health. So, we should always take care
of health. (Barishal Board 2024)

Ans: It
_____ is a hue and cry on the road. Something must have happened.
(Dhaka Board 2019)

Ans: There
 BOARD QUESTIONS

_____ was a king named Robert Bruce.

(Jashore Board 2019)

Ans: There
Once ______ lived a farmer.
(Chittagong Board 2019)

Ans: there
Long ago, ____ lived a very pious man. His name was Hatem Tai and
he was very kind hearted. (Dinajpur Board 2017)

Ans: there
 BOARD QUESTIONS

Cox's Bazar is a popular tourist hub. ____ are many nice hotels for
tourists. (Cumilla Board 2016)

Ans: There
____ was a boy at the door. He wanted to talk to me.
(Chittagong Board 2016)

Ans: There
Rome was not built in a day. ____ took a long time and hard labour to
build this. (Dhaka Board 2017)

Ans: It
 Special Uses
TYPE-02: Let Alone

Let alone অর্থ : an impossible task. (অেম্ভব যাজ)/ভাবাই োয় না এমন/এ যর্া বলা হনিঃষ্প্রক্য়াজন/যো দূক্রর
যর্া
USAGE/ব্যব্হারক্ষেত্র:
োমানে যযান যাজ না যপক্র োর যেক্য় অহিযের যঠিন যাজ যরার ইচ্ছা প্রযাশ যরার জনে let alone বেবিার যরা িয়।
The real concept: let alone েু ক্ত বাক্যে দুটি অবস্থার মক্িে েুলনা যরা িয়। এক্েক্ে প্রর্ম অংক্শ যষ্টোিে হযছু
এবং হিেীয় অংক্শ আরও অেম্ভব হযছু প্রযাহশে িয়। যেমনিঃ
Shampod cannot pass in the exam, let alone get a GPA 5.00.

They didn’t invite Shampod, let alone his friends.

 Special Uses
TYPE-02: Let Alone

STRUCTURE:

Let alone এর পূ ক্বথ যে tense বা parts of speech র্াক্য পক্রর অংক্শ এযই tense ও parts of
speech বেবিার যরা িয়

NB: let alone sentence-এর মাক্ষে হক্ষে এর আক্ষে comma ব্যব্হার করক্ষে হয়।

Examples:

✓ The boy cannot walk a mile, let alone reach Mount Everest.

✓ I cannot swim a kilometer, let alone ten kilometers.

 BOARD QUESTIONS

Selina is a poor student. She cannot afford to buy a cell phone,

______ a laptop. (Mymensingh Board 2024)

Ans: let alone

He cannot express his ideas in Bangla, ______ in English.
(Barishal Board 2024)

Ans: let alone

The Bangladesh Cricket Team dropped out from the tournament in
the first round, ______ make it to the final. (Jashore Board 2024)

Ans: let alone

 BOARD QUESTIONS

I have never walked five miles at a stretch,____ ten miles.

(Dinajpur Board 2019)

Ans: let alone

Maruf cannot earn 50 marks ____ 80 marks. He is a student of
average standard. (Barishal Board 2024)

Ans: let alone

Aloka can't afford to a cell phone, ____ a laptop. Actually, she is very
poor. (Board Question 2018)

Ans: let alone

 Special Uses
Type-03: Be born/born

Usage/ব্যব্হারক্ষেত্র:
• ককাক্ষ া ব্যক্তি ব্া প্রাণীর জন্মগ্রহণ করা ব্ু োক্ষে সাধারণে is born / was born / were born / are
born ব্যব্হৃে হয়।

• Born শব্দটি সাধারণে passive voice এ ব্যব্হার করা হয়। ককাক্ষ া ব্যক্তির জন্মস্থা /োক্তরখ প্রকাশ করার
জ য was / were born ব্যব্হার করা হয়।

Examples:
Hundreds of children are born and death every year.
 BOARD QUESTIONS

Socrates who was sentenced to death by drinking hemlock, ______ in

469 BC. (Dhaka Board 2024)

Ans: was born

My cousin ______ in Malaysia and raised in America. Now, she has a
dual citizenship. (Cumilla Board 2024)

Ans: was born

He ___ in 469 BC.
(Dhaka Board 2022)

Ans: was born

 BOARD QUESTIONS

He ____ on 13 November,1948.
(Dhaka Board 2019)

Ans: was born

He ___ into the famous Tagore family.
(Barishal Board 2019)

Ans: was born

Kazi Nazrul Islam ____ in an impoverished family He had to earn
even when he was a small boy. (Dinajpur Board 2017)

Ans: was born

 Special Uses
TYPE-04: As if/As though

Usage/ব্যব্হারক্ষেত্র:
ককাক্ষ া ব্যক্তির অব্াস্তব্ (unreal) ক্তিন্তা / ধারণা ইেযাক্তি প্রকাশ করার জ য as if/ as though ব্যব্হার করা
যায়।
Structure (1)
প্রর্ম অংক্ষশ present tense র্াকক্ষে পক্ষরর অংক্ষশ past simple / past continuous tense হক্ষব্।
present + as if/ as though + past simple /past continuous
Examples:
Shampod talks as though he taught us Physics.
Shampod acts as if he knew/was knowing everything.
 Special Uses

Structure (2)

Past Indefinite/Continuous+ as if/as though+ Past Perfect/Past Perfect

Continuous

Examples:

He behaved as if nothing had happened.

 BOARD QUESTIONS

He proceeded______ he had never seen me.

(Sylhet Board 2022)

Ans: as if
She talks______ she knew everything in the world.
(Barishal Board 2019)

Ans: as if
Fardin is always boastful of his uncles. He talks ____ they were the most
powerful men in the country. (Board Question 2018)

Ans: as if
 BOARD QUESTIONS

He acts ____ he were rich. So, nobody likes him.

(Board Question 2018)

Ans: as if
I can't stand Rubel. He always acts ____ he were smarter than
everyone. (Rajshahi Board 2017)

Ans: as if
Some persons living in Bangladesh always try to make conspiracy
against the country ____ Bangladesh were not their own country.
(Chittagong Board 2017)

Ans: as if
 Special Uses
Structure (3)

As if , as though, wish শব্দগুক্ষো ককাক্ষ া Sentence এ র্াকক্ষে সংক্তিষ্ট to be verb এর স্থাক্ষ

were ব্ক্ষস। কযম ঃ

I wish I were a Buetian.

He behaves as if he were a president.

 BOARD QUESTIONS

Rifat often behaves ______ he were a prince.

(Dhaka Board 2019)

Ans: as if
He always behaves _____ he were a great leader.
(Dinajpur Board 2019)

Ans: as if
He acts ___ he were rich.
(Rajshahi,Cumila,Chittagong,Barishal Board 2019)

Ans: as if
 BOARD QUESTIONS

He overlooks me ______ he never knew me.

(Rajshahi Board 2024)

Ans: as if
Sumi talks too much. It is ______ she were mad.
(Dhaka Board 2024)

Ans: as if
She acts _______ she were mad.
(Rajshahi Board 2019)

Ans: as if
 ADMISSION QUESTIONS
Choose the correct answer from the alternatives.

He talks as if he ____ a mad.

(MAT : 98-99)

A. was

B. were

C. had

D. has
 ADMISSION QUESTIONS
Choose the correct answer from the alternatives.

Rishan walks as if he ____ lame.

(31th BCS)

A. is

B. has been

C. has

D. were
 Special Uses
TYPE-05: Would rather

Would rather অর্থ ব্রং / একটু কব্ক্তশ পছন্দ করা (prefer)

Usage/ব্যব্হারক্ষেত্র :
দুইটি ব্যক্তি, ব্স্তু ব্া সত্ত্বার মক্ষধয ক্ত ক্তিথষ্ট একটি সত্ত্বাক্ষক একটু কব্ক্তশই পছন্দ করা প্রকাশ করার জ য would rather
ব্যব্হার করা হয়।

Structure: Would rather এর পক্ষর verb এর Base form ব্ক্ষস।

Examples:
✓ I would rather take apples than bananas.

✓ I would rather go there on Thursday than on Tuesday.

 BOARD QUESTIONS
I ______ take an autobike than go to college on foot. The exam is about
to start. (Dhaka Board 2024)

Ans: would rather

I ______ take coffee in lieu of tea. But I like both of them.
Barishal Board 2024

Ans: would rather

I ___take a taxi than walk home. It is already too late.
Dhaka Board 2023

Ans: would rather

 BOARD QUESTIONS

The poor man____ starve than beg.

(Rajshahi Board 2019)

Ans: would rather

We ____ pay a visit to Cox’s Bazar than the Sundarbans. We have
already visited the Sundarbans. (Board Question 2018)

Ans: would rather

I got a job at a bar. But I hate working at a bar. I ____ be a waiter
than a barman. (Dinajpur Board 2017)

Ans: would rather

 ADMISSION QUESTIONS
Choose the correct answer from the alternatives.

The skiers would rather _____ through the mountains than

go by bus. (DU C : 2002-03)

A. to travel on train

B. travelled by train

C. travel by train

D. travelling by train
 Special Uses
TYPE-06: As soon as

Usage/ব্যব্হারক্ষেত্র :
‘As soon as' - 'কযইমাত্র...... কসইমাত্র’ এরূপ অক্ষর্থ ব্যব্হৃে হয় । অর্থ াৎ, একটি ঘট া কশষ হক্ষে া হক্ষে
আক্ষরকটি ঘট া শুরু হক্ষয় যায় এরূপ কেক্ষত্র 'as soon as' ব্যব্হার করা হয়।

Structure (1): Present + as soon as + present/future

Examples:

✓ As soon as the sun sets, darkness covers the area.

✓ As soon as he returns, I will met him.

 BOARD QUESTIONS

I am eagerly waiting for your reply. Please answer me ______ you

can. (Dhaka Board 2024)

Ans: as soon as
His mother is sick. He needs to go home ______ possible.
(Mymensingh Board 2024)

Ans: as soon as
It is a cold day. ______ the sun rises, the fog disappears.
(Dinajpur Board 2024)

Ans: as soon as
 BOARD QUESTIONS

Play is delayed due to rain. It will resume ____ the rain stops.
(Jessore Board 2017)

Ans: as soon as
Give him the good news ____ you meet him.
( Barisal Board 2017)

Ans: as soon as
I'll call you ____ I arrive. Then we will go to market.
(Sylhet Board 2016)

Ans: as soon as
 ADMISSION QUESTIONS
Choose the correct answer from the alternatives.

He’ll give you a call as soon as he _______.

(CVASU : 2016-17)

A. will arrive

B. arrives

C. is arrive

D. is going to arrive
 Special Uses

Structure (2):

Past + as soon as + past

Examples:

✓ As soon as Shampod went there, he saw his friend.

✓ As soon as the teacher entered the classroom, the students stood up.
 BOARD QUESTIONS

We informed the police ______ the incident took place.

(Barishal Board 2024)

Ans: as soon as
______ he met me, he hugged me warmly.
(Rajshahi Board 2024)

Ans: As soon as
The storm was raging violently. We got out ____ it abated.
(Board Question 2018)

Ans: as soon as
 BOARD QUESTIONS

I went there to meet with him ____ I saw him.I rushed to talk to him.
(Dinajpur Board 2016)

Ans: as soon as
____ I reached the station, the train left. Really I was lucky.
(Chittagong Board 2016)

Ans: As soon as
 ADMISSION QUESTIONS
Choose the correct answer from the alternatives.

I opened the door as soon as ________ the bell.

(24th BCS, CoU (A):15-16,….)

A. Have heard

B. was hearing

C. am heard

D. heard
 ADMISSION QUESTIONS
Choose the correct answer from the alternatives.

As soon as I ____ the ringing, I opened the door.

(SUST(A):10-11)

A. Have heard

B. was hearing

C. am heard

D. heard
 Special Uses
TYPE-07: Had better

Had better(অর্থ ): এটা করা ভাক্ষো/উক্তিৎ

Usage/ব্যব্হারক্ষেত্র : ককাক্ষ া ব্যক্তিক্ষক উপক্ষিশ ব্া পরামশথ কিয়ার জ য had better ব্যব্হার করা হয়।
Structure: Had better-এর পক্ষর verb এর base form ব্ক্ষস। অর্থ াৎ had better + verb
(bare infinitive)
Examples:
✓ You had better leave now or you will miss the bus. (এখ ই যাওয়া/কব্র হওয়া উক্তিৎ)

✓ You had better help the poor.

 BOARD QUESTIONS

It is a secret matter. We ______ not discuss this in public.

(Dhaka Board 2024)

Ans: had better

The sky is getting dark. Nahian ______ carry an umbrella.

(Chittagong Board 2024)

Ans: had better

Tapan is somewhat backward in his preparation for coming HSC exam.
He _____ study hard to get completely prepared before the exam.
(Dinajpur Board 2019)

Ans: had better

 BOARD QUESTIONS

Faiaz seems to be weak. He ____ consult an experienced doctor.

(Board Question 2018)

Ans: had better

Sheela is suffering from toothache. She ____ see a dentist.
(Jessore Board 2017)

Ans: had better

I am too tired to talk. I can no longer give you company. You ____
leave me and let me take rest. (Rajshahi Board 2016)

Ans: had better

 ADMISSION QUESTIONS
Choose the correct answer from the alternatives.

We had better _____ the schedule of the examination.

(JnU : 2012-13)

A. checked

B. checking

C. check

D. to check
 ADMISSION QUESTIONS
Choose the correct answer from the alternatives.

You had better_____ the law .

(RU : 2009-10)

A. obeying

B. to obey

C. obeyed

D. obey
 Special Uses
TYPE-08: Have to/has to/had to

Usage/ব্যব্হারক্ষেত্র :

Obligation(ব্াধযব্াধকো) ব্া certainty(ক্ত শ্চয়ো) প্রকাশ করার জ য have to/has to/had to

ব্যব্হার করা হয়।

Examples:

Sorry, I have to go now.

 BOARD QUESTIONS

Sometimes we ______ accept something unwillingly for the sake of

peace. (Dhaka Board 2024)

Ans: have to
We ______ stop cutting down trees. Deforestation is detrimental to the
environment. (Barishal Board 2024)

Ans: have to
Smoking tells upon the smoker’s health greatly. You ___ to give up
this bad habit. (Dinajpur Board 2019)

Ans: have to
 BOARD QUESTIONS

Bangladesh is an emerging power in the world cricket. But we ____

struggle more to win the World Cup. (Jashore Board 2019)

Ans: have to
We ____ educate all and work hard to develop our country.
Commilla Board 2017 & Barisal Board 2016

Ans: have to
Rana is a meritorious student.He is first boy in our class. He ____ study
hard and work more to maintain his position in class.
Rajshahi Board 2016)

Ans: has to
 Special Uses
TYPE-09: What do/does look like

Usage/ব্যব্হারক্ষেত্র :

ককাক্ষ া ব্যক্তি/ব্স্তু/প্রাণী/স্থা /িক্তরত্র ব্া কিহারা কিখক্ষে ককম ো জা ক্ষে িাওয়ার জ য what do /does look
like ব্যব্হার করা হয়।

Structure: What do/ does + v1

Examples:

✓ Rifat: What does Shreya look like?

✓ Akbar: Shreya looks tall, pretty and cheerful looking.

 BOARD QUESTIONS

Can anyone tell me ______ an elephant ______? I have never seen an

elephant. (Dhaka Board 2024)

Ans: what does ... look like

Have you seen a camel? ______ it ______?
(Barishal Board 2024)

Ans: What does ... look like

Baby : Mom _____ an owl ______ ?
Rajshahi Board 2019

Ans: what does...look like

 BOARD QUESTIONS
Daughter: Mom, ____ an albatross ____? Mother: My dear, an albatross is
a very large white bird that lives in the Pacific and Southern Oceans.
(Rajshahi Board 2017)

Ans: what does… look like

Teacher: Learners, ____ the national flower of Bangladesh ____?

Chittagong Board 2017

Ans: what does… look like

____ the earth ____? It's not completely round.

Chittagong Board 2016

Ans: what does…look like

 Special Uses
TYPE-10: What is like

Usage/ ব্যব্হারক্ষেত্র:

ককাক্ষ া কাক্ষজর অক্তভজ্ঞো ব্া কাজ করক্ষে ককম োক্ষে ো জা ক্ষে িাওয়ার জ য what is like ব্ক্ষস।

Structure: What is like +verb+ing+……… ?

Examples:

✓ What is like swimming in the river? (Dhaka Board 2024)

✓ What is like living in Canada?

 BOARD QUESTIONS

I have never visited Kuakata. ____ visiting this place in the coming
summer vacation? (Dinajpur Board 2019)

Ans: what is like

I have never travelled by air. ____ flying in the sky?
(Jessore Board 2017)

Ans: what is like

____ living in Bangladesh? You seem to be very happy with your life
in Bangladesh. (Chittagong Board 2017)

Ans: what is like

 Special Uses
TYPE-11: WHAT IF

What if এর অর্থ - ককম হয় যক্তি/ক্তক হক্ষব্ যক্তি/ক্তক হক্ষো যক্তি

Usage/ব্যব্হারক্ষেত্র : Anxiety/Fear/উক্তিগ্নো/ভয় ইেযাক্তি প্রকাশ করক্ষে ‘what if’ ব্যব্হৃে হয় এব্ং
েখ এর অর্থ অক্ষ কটা "what will happen if/what would happen if….” (ক্তক হক্ষব্ যক্তি/ক্তক
হক্ষো যক্তি) এর মে হয় ।
Examples:
✓ I am against the decision to buy such an expensive show piece. What if
children break it?

✓ We're still five kilometers away from our home. What if our car stops
working on the way?
 BOARD QUESTIONS

Helmet should be used while driving a motorbike. ______ you were in

a bike and met a serious accident? (Dhaka Board 2024)

Ans: What if
The price of mango is high in our country. _____ we turn this land into
a mango orchard? ( Dhaka board 2017)

Ans: What if
The river is calm. ____ we swim in the river? To swim in the river is a
nice experience. Board Question 2018

Ans: What if
 BOARD QUESTIONS
The little girl was suddenly crossing the road. A bus was passing by. As it
came near the girl, the driver halted it. ____ he wouldn’t have stopped
the bus? (Rajshahi Board 2017)

Ans: What if
 Special Uses
TYPE-12: No sooner had/ hardly had….When/ scarcely had……...When

Meaning/অর্থ : …….হক্ষে া হক্ষেই……...হক্ষয় কেে

Structures:

No sooner had+ Past Perfect + than + Past Indefinite

Hardly had+ Past Perfect + when + Past Indefinite

Scarcely had+ Past Perfect + when + Past Indefinite

 Special Uses

Examples:

✓ No sooner had the teacher entered the classroom than the students
stood up.

✓ Hardly had the mother left her baby when I started crying.

✓ Scarcely had the students entered the class, when bell rang.
 BOARD QUESTIONS

______ I seen the snake ______ I became awe-struck.

(Rajshahi Board 2024)

Ans: No sooner had ... than

The students were loitering in the corridor. ____ they seen the teacher
than they entered the classroom. (Rajshahi Board 2017)

Ans: No sooner had

 ADMISSION QUESTIONS
Choose the correct answer from the alternatives.

No sooner had he ____ the police_____he ran away.

(PSTU : 2015-16)

A. seen, than

B. saw, than

C. see, when

D. seen, when
 ADMISSION QUESTIONS
Choose the correct answer from the alternatives.

Scarcely had he seen the police____he ____ away.

(PSTU : 2015-16)

A. when, run

B. before, run

C. when, ran

D. All
 Special Uses
TYPE-13: Would you mind

Meaning/অর্থ - ক্তকছু মক্ষ করক্ষব্ া

Usage/ব্যব্হারক্ষেত্র: এটি সাধারণে আমরা ভদ্রোর সাক্ষর্ কাউক্ষক ককাক্ষ া অ ু ক্ষরাক্ষধ ব্া অ ু মক্তে গ্রহণ করার কেক্ষত্র
ব্যব্হার কক্ষর র্াক্তক।

Structure: Would you mind + verb + ing

Examples:

✓ Would you mind speaking in Spanish?

✓ Would you mind lending me your ipad?

 BOARD QUESTIONS

It is raining heavily. ____ closing the window?

(Dhaka Board 2019)

Ans: Would you mind

______ taking tea with me?
(Rajshahi Board 2019)

Ans: Would you mind

_______ flying in the sky?
(Jashore Board 2019)

Ans: Would you mind

 BOARD QUESTIONS

____ eating sea- fish? I think you will enjoy a lot

(Board Question 2018 & Chittagong Board 2016 )

Ans: would you mind

There is foul smell in the room. ____ opening the windows?
(Cumilla Board 2017)

Ans: would you mind

I cannot carry the box on my back. _______ taking the box into the
room? (Chittagong Board 2017)

Ans: Would you mind

 ADMISSION QUESTIONS
Choose the correct answer from the alternatives.

Would you mind _____ a cup of tea with me?

(DU (A-UNIT)-2020-21)

A. having to drink

B. having

C. drink

D. to take
 ADMISSION QUESTIONS
Choose the correct answer from the alternatives.

Would you mind ____ me a ball point pen?

(CVASU : 2015-16)

A. lend

B. lent

C. to lend

D. lending
 Special Uses
TYPE-14: Used to
Case-1

Used to (অর্থ ) : Past habit (অেীে অভযাস)

Usage/ব্যব্হারক্ষেত্র : অেীক্ষের ককা অভযাস যা এখ আর ক ই এরূপ কেক্ষত্র Past habit (অেীে অভযাস)
প্রকাশ করার জ য used to ব্যব্হার করা হয়।

Structure: Used to এর পক্ষর verb এর base form ব্ক্ষস। (Subject+ used to + v1)

Examples:
✓ I used to play cricket in the afternoon but now I have stopped.

✓ Our ancestors used to exchange gifts on Eid Day.

 Special Uses
CASE 02

Be verb(am/is/are)/Get + Used to এর অর্থ িেমা অভযাস

Usage/ব্যব্হারক্ষেত্র :
ব্েথ মা ব্া অেীক্ষের িেমা অভযাস ব্া ককা কাক্ষজ অভযস্ত ো প্রকাশ করার জ য used to ব্যব্হার করা হয়।
এক্ষেক্ষত্র used to এর পূ ক্ষব্থ একটি be verb/get র্াক্ষক।

Structure: Be verb + used to+ Verb + ing

Examples:
✓ I get used to reading newspaper in the morning.

✓ I am used to working ten hours a day.

 BOARD QUESTIONS

Lima has always lived alone. She is ____ living alone.

(Sylhet Board 2019)

Ans: used to
Sometimes, we become speechless remembering our childhood
memories. We ____ swim in the river. (Board Question 2018)

Ans: used to
Everybody disliked Rakib. He ____ do many harmful activities.
(Commilla Board 2017)

Ans: used to
 BOARD QUESTIONS
Thomas Alva Edison was very inquisitive in his childhood. He____do
many harmful activities. However, he made a lot of inventions.
(Jessore Board 2016)

Ans: used to
 Special Uses
TYPE-15: Lest

Lest এর অর্থ - হয় হয়... যক্তি/পাক্ষছ ভয় হয় কয (For fear that)/ ক্ষিে/ েুব্া/অ যর্ায়/যাক্ষে া ঘক্ষট এজ য

Usage/ব্যব্হারক্ষেত্র :

একটি possible future-এর প্রস্তুক্তে ব্া সেকথো কব্াোক্ষে সাধারণে lest ব্যব্হৃে হয়। Lest িারা দুটি clause
যু ি র্াকক্ষে এর পরব্েী clause এ auxiliary verb ক্তহক্ষসক্ষব্ should/might ব্ক্ষস এব্ং verb এর
base form হয়।

Structure:
Lest + subject + should/might + V₁
 Special Uses

Examples:

✓ Walk fast lest you might/should miss the train.

✓ Take your umbrella lest you might/should get wet in the rain.

সেকথোঃ

“Lest”- ক ক্তেব্ািক ধারণা ব্া Negative অর্থ প্রিা কক্ষর। এজ য Lest িারা কয Clause আরম্ভ হয় োক্ষে
no/not ইেযাক্তি Negative Word ব্ক্ষস া।
 BOARD QUESTIONS

The thief has fled away ______ he might be caught.

(Rajshahi Board 2024)

Ans: lest
Rima studies hard ____ GPA should be missed.
(Cumilla Board 2019)

Ans: lest
You started late. Now you are walking slowly. Walk fast ____ you
should miss the bus. (Rajshahi Board 2017)

Ans: lest
 BOARD QUESTIONS

He saw a bear coming towards him. So, he climbed up a tree ____

the bear might attack him. (Cumilla Board 2017)

Ans: lest
 Special Uses
Type -16: It is time/it is high time

Usage/ব্যব্হারক্ষেত্র :
ককা কাজ করার এখ ই উপযু ি সময় ব্া কাজটি এখ করা উক্তিৎ এভাক্ষব্ ককা ব্যক্তিক্ষক উপক্ষিশ কিওয়ার জ য it is
time/it is high time ব্ক্ষস।

Structure: It is time/it is high time এর পক্ষর Subject র্াকক্ষে Verb-এর Past Form (V2)
ব্ক্ষস। অর্থ াৎ‍, It is time/it is high time + Subject + V2

Examples:

✓ It is time you got a job.

✓ It is high time we learned better English.

 BOARD QUESTIONS

Nobody likes you here. ____ you left this place.

(Commilla Board 2017)

Ans: it is high time

 ADMISSION QUESTIONS
Choose the correct answer from the alternatives.

Choose the correct right form of verb: It is high time we

______ (act) on the matter. (43rd BCS)

A. are acting

B. acted

C. have acted

D. could act
 ADMISSION QUESTIONS
Choose the correct answer from the alternatives.

It’s time(you realize) your mistakes.

(13th BCS,CoU:18-19……….)

A. you realized

B. that you realized

C. you would realize

D. you have realize

 Special Uses
TYPE-17: As long as / so long as

As long as / so long as (অর্থ ): যেেণ পযথ ন্ত ব্ু োক্ষে As long as/so long as ব্যব্হৃে হয়।

Usage: ককাক্ষ া কাজ অ য ককাক্ষ া কাজ িো সাক্ষপক্ষে িেক্ষব্ এরূপ ব্ু োক্ষে as long as ব্যব্হৃে হয়।

Structure: Future + as long as + present

Examples:

✓ I will wait here as long as you're playing.

✓ I will help you as long as you need.

 BOARD QUESTIONS

The poor will continue to suffer ____ they are illiterate.

(Cumilla Board 2017 & Barisal Board 2016)

Ans: as long as
 Special Uses
Type-18: The more/less... the more/less

✓ The more/less... the more/less এর অর্থ ঃ যে……..েে

✓ “যে ……েে” এরূপ অর্থ প্রকাশ করক্ষে ব্াক্ষকয double comparative degree ব্যব্হৃে হয়।

Structure: (The + comparative form+ Subject + verb), + (the+ comparative

form + Subject+ verb )

(প্রর্ক্ষম Present Tense র্াকক্ষে পক্ষরর অংক্ষশ Present/Future Tense ব্ক্ষস। আর প্রর্ক্ষম Past Tense
হক্ষে পক্ষরর অংক্ষশ Past Tense হক্ষব্)

Examples :
✓ The older she is, the wiser she becomes.
 Special Uses
Type-18: The more/less... the more/less

Examples :

✓ The more you read, the more you learn.

✓ The more you sleep, the lazier you become.

 BOARD QUESTIONS

When my brother was a child, he wouldn't look at all like my father,

____ he gets, ____ he looks like him. (Dhaka Board 2016)

Ans: the older.... the more

 Special Use (Practice)
there What does look As soon as was born let alone
like?
would rather What’s it like? it have to had better
(Dhaka Board 2023)
(a) Time is very valuable. We ___ utilize time properly.
(b) I ___ take a taxi than walk home. It is already too late.
(c) Long ago ___ lived a mighty king Kubla Khan. He built an amazing palace in deep dark forest.
(d) ___watching a horror film at midnight? You are really scared.
(e) It is winter. You ___ buy a coat.
(f) ___ the balcony ___ ? It looks very beautiful but it is really small.
(g) Bangladesh ___ as an independent state on 16 December 1971 after nine months bloody war
against the occupation Pakistan Army.
(h) ___ was in China that the art of Bonsai originated perhaps more than 1000 years ago.
(i) I cannot ride a bicycle ___ a motor cycle. I have no money to buy any of them.
(j) ___ the rain stopped, I started for home.

Answer: (a) have to; (b) would rather; (c) there; (d) What’s it like; (e) had better; (f) What does
........look like; (g) was born; (h) It; (i) let alone; (j) As soon as.
 Special Use (Practice)
had better there have to would let alone
was born it what does... what’s ... like as soon as

(Chittagong Board 2022)

(a) The examination is close at hand. I ___ study seriously.
(b) Zahir Raihan was one of the most talented filmmakers in Bangladesh. He __ on August 19, 1935.
(c) You do not know how poor Sohel is. He cannot buy a cell phone___ a desktop.
(d) Your mother is ill. So, I think you ___ go home early.
(e) We have spent much time.We should now conclude ___ possible.
(f) ___ the earth ___ ? It looks like an apple.
(g) ___ is no fish in the pond. It is used as a swimming pool.
(h) We ___ sacrifice our lives than live under subordination of another country. It is different taste to
live in an independent country.
(i) ___ it ___ swimming in the river? For the first time, it seems new experience for all.
(j) People are getting sweated easily today. ___ seems the humidity is higher.

Answer: (a) have to; (b) was born; (c) let alone; (d) had better; (e) as soon as; (f) What does... look
like; (g) There; (h) would rather; (i) What’s... like; (j) It.
 Special Use (Practice)
better let alone what does... look as soon as as if
like
there Would you mind would rather it was
(Rajshahi Board 2019)
(a) Our spring is very charming. During spring various kinds of flowers bloom. ___ seems that
everything has got a new life.
(b) Baby: Mom, ___ an owl ___ ?
(c) Don’t disturb me, you ___ leave me alone at this moment.
(d) The poor man ___ starve than beg.
(e) ___ exists no life on Mars.
(f) ___ taking tea with me?
(g) Sir Walter Scott was both a poet and a novelist. He __ in 1771.
(h) She acts ___ she were mad.
(i) ___ we reached the station, the train started.
(j) He did not even see a hill, ___ a mountain.

Answer: (a) It; (b) what does ..... look like; (c) had better; (d) would rather; (e) There; (f) Would you
mind; (g) was born; (h) as if; (i) As soon as ; (f) let alone.
 Special Use (Practice)
alone have to what’s There had better
was born It would rather What does... look as soon as
like
(Cumilla Board 2022)
(a) It is such a nice weather. I ___ sit in the garden than watch TV.
(b) He worked hard. He was too tired to walk, ___ run.
(c) It is raining heavily now. I will go to the shop___ it stops raining.
(d) We ___ stop the devastating loss of our forests; otherwise life on the earth will be endangered.
(e) ___ an alligator ___? Have you ever seen it?
(f) ___ it ___ going to play? The weather is good now.
(g) _____ is no denying the fact that time is more valuable than money.
(h) It is five o’clock. I ___ go now before the traffic gets too bad.
(i) ___appears to me that he is interested in the matter.
(j) I love this city. This is the city where I ____ in.
Answer: (a) would rather; (b) let alone; (c) as soon as; (d) have to; (e) What does ..... look like; (f)
What’s ....like; (g) There; (h) had better; (i) It; (j) was born.
 Special Use (Practice)
had better would rather what’s ... like used to what does. look
like
what if feel like as if there as soon as
(Barishal Board 2023)
(a) Jolly is my friend, she ___ sing in a choir, but she gave it up for some unavoidable reasons.
(b) The word economy is passing through a great crisis due to war situation. The world leaders __
concentrate on the economy and security of the common people.
(c) We went to John’s office yesterday. He behaved ___ he had not known us.
(d) ___ a dinosaur ___? Have you ever seen it?
(e) We are waiting outside . __ you finish you dinner, don’t delay to join us.
(f) He is so honest that he __ die than cheat.
(g) ___ the ice had cracked? You would have disappeared into the icy water.
(h) You told me about a French novel. ___ the novel ___?
(i) I am very thirsty. I__ having a nice cool glass of lemonade.
(j) ___ exists no life in the Mars.
Answer: (a) used to; (b) had better; (c) as if; (d) what does ....look like; (e) As soon as; (f) would rather; (g)
What if; (h)What’s ...like; (i) feel like; (j) There.
Thank You everyone