READING COMPREHENSION

Text 1

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Text 3
When another old cave is discovered in the south of France, it is not usually news. Rather, it is an ordinary event. Such discoveries are so frequent these days
that hardly anybody pays heed to them. However, when the Lascaux cave complex was discovered in 1940, the world was amazed. Painted directly on its walls
were hundreds of scenes showing how people lived thousands of years ago. The scenes show people hunting animals, such as bison or wild cats. Other
images depict birds and, most noticeably, horses, which appear in more than 300 wall images, by far outnumbering all other animals.
Early artists drawing these animals accomplished a monumental and difficult task. They did not limit themselves to the easily accessible walls but carried their
painting materials to spaces that required climbing steep walls or crawling into narrow passages in the Lascaux complex. Unfortunately, the paintings have been
exposed to the destructive action of water and temperature changes, which easily wear the images away. Because the Lascaux caves have many entrances, air
movement has also damaged the images inside. Although they are not out in the open air, where natural light would have destroyed them long ago, many of the
images have deteriorated and are barely recognizable. To prevent further damage, the site was closed to tourists in 1963, 23 years after it was discovered.
1. Which title best summarizes the main idea of the passage? 5. In line 10, the word depict is closest in meaning to ______.
A. Wild Animals in Art A. show
B. Hidden Prehistoric Paintings B. hunt
C. Exploring Caves Respectfully C. count
D. Determining the Age of French Caves D. draw
2. In line 4, the words pays heed to are closest in meaning to ____. 6. Why was painting inside the Lascaux complex a difficult task?
A. discovers A. It was completely dark inside.
B. watches B. The caves were full of wild animals.
C. notices C. Painting materials were hard to find.
D. buys D. Many painting spaces were difficult to reach.
3. Based on the passage, what is probably true about the south of 7. In line 14, the word They refers to _______.
France? A. walls
A. It is home to rare animals. B. artists
B. It has a large number of caves. C. animals
C. It is known for horse-racing events. D. materials
D. It has attracted many famous artists 8. According to the passage, all of the following have caused damage to the paintings
4. According to the passage, which animals appear most often on the EXCEPT _____.
cave walls? A. temperature changes
A. Birds B. air movement
B. Bison C. water
C. Horses D. light
D. Wild cats 9. What does the passage say happened at the Lascaux caves in 1963?
A. Visitors were prohibited from entering.
B. A new lighting system was installed.
C. Another part was discovered.
D. A new entrance was created.

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Text 4
A distinctively American architecture began with Frank Lloyd Wright, who had taken to heart the admonition that form should follow function and who thought
of buildings not as separate architectural entities but as parts of an organic whole that included the land, the community, and the society. In a very real way the
houses of colonial New England and some of the southern plantations had been functional, but Wright was the first architect to make functionalism the
authoritative principle for public as well as for domestic buildings. As early as 1906 he built the Unity Temple in Oak Park, Illinois, the first of those churches
that did so much to revolutionize ecclesiastical architecture in the United States. Thereafter he turned his genius to such miscellaneous structures as houses,
schools, office buildings, and factories, among them the famous Larkin Building in Buffalo, New York, and the Johnson Wax Company building in
Racine,Wisconsin.

1. The phrase “taken to heart” in line 1 is closest in meaning to which of 4. The passage mentions that all of the following structures were built
the following? by Wright EXCEPT
A. Taken seriously A. factories
B. Criticized B. public buildings
C. Memorized C. offices
D. Taken offence D. southern plantations
2. In what way did Wright’s public buildings differ from most of those 5. Which of the following statements best reflects one of Frank Lloyd
built by earlier architects? Wright’s architectural principles?
A. They were built on a larger scale. A. Beautiful design is more important than utility.
B. Their materials came from the southern United States. B. Ecclesiastical architecture should be derived from traditional
C. They looked more like private homes. designs.
D. Their designs were based on how they would be used. C. A building should fit into its surroundings.
3. The author mentions the Unity Temple because, it D. The architecture of public buildings does not need to be
A. was Wright’s first building revolutionary
B. influenced the architecture of subsequent churches
C. demonstrated traditional ecclesiastical architecture
D. was the largest church Wright ever designed

Text 5
There are two basic types of glaciers, those that flow outward in all directions with little regard for any underlying terrain and those that are confined by terrain
to a particular path. The first category of glaciers includes those massive blankets that cover whole continents, appropriately called ice sheets. There must be
over 50,000 square kilometers of land covered with ice for the glacier to qualify as an ice sheet. When portions of an ice sheet spread out over the ocean, they
form ice shelves. About 20,000 years ago the Cordilleran Ice Sheet covered nearly all the mountains in southern Alaska, western Canada, and the western United
States. It was about 3 kilometers deep at its thickest point in northern Alberta. Now there are only two sheets left on Earth, those covering Greenland and
Antarctica. Any domelike body of ice that also flows out in all directions but covers less than 50,000 square kilometers is called an ice cap. Although ice caps
are rare nowadays, there are a number in northeastern Canada, on Baffin Island, and on the Queen Elizabeth Islands. The second category of glaciers includes
those of a variety of shapes and sizes generally called mountain or alpine glaciers. Mountain glaciers are typically identified by the landform that controls their
flow. One form of mountain glacier that resembles an ice cap in that it flows outward in several directions is called an ice field. The difference between an ice

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field and an ice cap is subtle. Essentially, the flow of an ice field is somewhat controlled by surrounding terrain and thus does not have the domelike shape of a
cap. There are several ice fields in the Wrangell. St. Elias, and Chugach mountains of Alaska and northern British Columbia. Less spectacular than large ice
fields are the most common types of mountain glaciers: the cirque and valley glaciers. Cirque glaciers are found in depressions in the surface of the land and
have a characteristic circular shape. The ice of valley glaciers, bound by terrain, flows down valleys, curves around their corners, and falls over cliffs.

1. What does the passage mainly discuss? 5. According to the passage, where was the Cordilleran Ice Sheet
(A) Where major glaciers are located thickest?
(B) How glaciers shape the land (A) Alaska
(C) How glaciers are formed (B) Greenland
(D) The different kinds of glaciers (C) Alberta
2. he word “massive” in line 3 is closest in meaning to (D) Antarctica
(A) huge 6. The word “rare” in line 12 is closest in meaning to
(B) strange (A) small
(C) cold (B) unusual
(D) recent (C) valuable
3. It can be inferred that ice sheets are so named for which of the following reasons? (D) widespread
(A) They are confined to mountain valleys. 7. The word “it” in line 16 refers to
(B) They cover large areas of land. (A) glacier
(C) They are thicker in some areas than in others. (B) cap
(D) They have a characteristic circular shape. (C) difference
4. According to the passage, ice shelves can be found (D) terrain
(A) covering an entire continent 8. All of the following are alpine glaciers EXCEPT
(B) buried within the mountains (A) cirque glaciers
(C) spreading into the ocean (B) ice caps
(D) filling deep valleys (C) valley glaciers
(D) ice fields
9. Which of the following types of glaciers does the author use to
illustrate the two basic types of glaciers mentioned in line 1?
(A) Ice fields and cirques
(B) Cirques and alpine glaciers
(C) Ice sheets and ice shelves
(D) Ice sheets and mountain glaciers

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