APPROPRATE BUILDING GROUP 3

TECHNOLOGY
KEBRIDEHAR, SOMALI
KOLLA REGION

1.AZIZA MOHAMMED..........UGR/6353/15
2.BONANI OLANI................. UGR/7063/15
3.EKRAM AHMED................. UGR/8905/15
4.HAYAT AHMED....................UGR/1549/15
5.ILHAM SEID. ........................UGR/0547/15
6.SEMAWIT ALEBACHEW ... UGR/3819/15
7.AFOMIYA SEIFE ............... UGR/8809/15
8.SELAMAWIT TILAHUN .....UGR/8795/15
9.BLEN GASHAW....................UGR/9806/15
10.SAMUEL ESHETU ………..UGR/0068/15
11.HAYAT FETUDIN ................UGR/0815/15
TABLE OF CONTENT

1 LITRATURE RIVEW

2 CASE STUDY

3 SITE ANALYSIS

CONTEXT OF
4 CONSTRUCTION

5 KEY FINDINGS

CLIMATE ISSUE
6 ANALYSIS
PASSIVE DESIGN
7 STRATEGY

CONCEPTUAL
8 RELATION SHIP

9 DESIGN
1 -
LITERATURE REVIEW KEBRI DAHAR

REGION: SOMALI REGION

ZONE: QORAHAY
TOTAL AREA: 280 km²
ELEVATION: 2609 m
ESTIMATED POPULATION(2023): 499,500

The earliest mention of qabri Dehar is in 1931, when it was described as "a soldier's camp" that
suffered from malaria; although the settlement was 500 meters above the river, the scrub had
not been cleared and provided the mosquitoes sufficient cover to reach their victims. According
to Margery Perham, qabri Dehar was first established as a garrison fort sometime prior to the
Italo-Abyssinian War.
 UNIQUE FEATURES
predominently somali inhibited

Hot and Arid Climate:

The region is characterized by a hot and arid climate,with low rainfall, high temperatures, and
frequent droughts. This harsh environment has influenced adaptation strategies, resource
management practices, and building techniques.

Decentralized Clan-Based Social Structure

Strong Oral Tradition and Poetry Islamic Religious Identity

 KEBRI DAHAR PEOPLE
Agro-Pastoralism:
Semi-Nomadic Lifestyle: The Their livelihood is
Somali people, who inhabit based on a combina-
the region, are traditionally tion of livestock herd-

Domes Structures:
Somali nomads typi-
cally live in domed
structures (agal) made

Livelihood Diversifica-
tion: While agriculture
remains a dominant live- Challenges: Institu-
lihood strategy, there is a tional challenges, such
as limited access to
The traditional lifestyle in Kebri Dehar, Ethio- clean water, health-
pia, is characterized by semi-nomadic agro-pas-
toralism, with people living in domed structures
made of branches, mats, and animal skins, and
relying on livestock herding and subsistence
agriculture.
 CLIMATIC ANALYSIS
1.High Temperature:
•The region experiences consistently high average temperatures throughout the year.
•Extreme Heat: Daytime temperatures frequently exceed 30°C (86°F), and can soar above 40°C (104°F) during the hottestmonths (May-June).

2.Low Rainfall:

•Aridity: The Somali Region is one of the driest parts of Ethiopia, with very low annual rainfall.
•Average Rainfall Amounts: Average annual rainfall typically ranges from 150 mm to 350 mm (6 to 14 inches), but can be even lower in some areas.
•Unreliable Rainfall: Rainfall is highly variable and unpredictable, both in terms of timing and amount.
•Short Rainy Seasons: The region typically experiences one or two short rainy seasons, often during the spring (April-May) and sometimes a shorter period in the
autumn

3.High Evaporation Rates:

•Arid Conditions: High temperatures and low humidity contribute to high rates of evaporation, further exacerbating water scarcity.
•Limited Water Resources: This means that what little rainfall the region receives is quickly lost to evaporation, reducing the availability of surface water and
groundwater.
4.Strong Winds:
•Prevailing Winds: The region is exposed to strong prevailing winds, often from the
east and southeast.

5.High Solar Radiation:

•Intense Sunlight: The Somali Region receives high levels of solar
radiation throughout the year, due to its proximity to the equator and
its clear skies.
 CLIMATIC (ENVIRONMETAL) ISSUES

•Drought and Water Scarcity: Recurring and prolonged droughts are a major •Desertification and Land Degradation: Overgrazing, deforestation, and
threat, leading to water shortages, crop failures, livestock losses,and food unsustainable agricultural practices contribute to land degradation and
insecurity. desertification, reducing the productivity of the land.

•Limited Natural Resources: The region has limited access to arable land, water resources, and other natural resources, making it difficult to support a growing
population.
 KEBRI DAHAR HOUSING(TRADITIONAL & MODERN)
AND CLIMATE ADAPTATION
•Elevated Structures: Raising houses off the ground promotes airflow and improves •Extended Overhangs & Balconies: Roof overhangs and balconies are
ventilation beneath the building, creating a cooler indoor environment. extended to provide shade and shield walls and windows from direct
sunlight, further reducing heat absorption.

•Minimized Openings: Small window sizes are deliberately chosen to limit the amount •Locally Sourced Materials: The use of readily available local
of direct sunlight entering the building during the day, thus reducing solar heat materials such as stone, mud, and clay is common. These materials
gain and maintaining cooler interior temperatures. This also helps to minimize often possess inherent thermal properties that help regulate indoor
heat loss during cooler nights. temperatures.

•Thick Walls for Thermal Mass: Walls are constructed to be thick, providing thermal mass which helps to insulate the building. During the day, the walls absorb heat,
while during the cooler nights, they slowly release it, moderating temperature fluctuations inside.

•High Windows: Windows are placed relatively high to facilitate airflow and promote natural ventilation, allowing warm air to rise and escape while cooler air enters.
 2 CASE STUDIES
LOCAL CASE STUDY
The Mursi and Hamar Traditional Houses (Omo Valley, Ethiopia)
• Indigenous Groups: Mursi and Hamar people in Omo Valley, southeastern Ethiopia. • Lifestyle: Semi-nomadic, agro-pastoralists; rely on cattle herding
and small-scale agriculture

• Housing Design: Reflects connection to nature, climate adaptability, and cultural • Ecological Zone: Kolla (midland) with warm temperatures, moderate
traditions. rainfall, and semi-arid conditions

• Construction Time: Takes 3 days to 2 weeks depending on size/materials.

• Construction Cycle: Start: Begins at the end of dry season (March–April). • Rebuilding Cycle: Homes rebuilt every 2–5 years due to material
decay/lifestyle changes
Completion: Finished within a few weeks for mobility.
 Environmental and Climatic Context Construction Methods and Materials

• Temperature: Can exceed 30°C; seasonal rainfall Influences movement. • Local Materials: Ensures sustainability, affordability, and ease of
reconstruction; reflects vernacular architecture
• Heat/Sun Exposure: Thick mud walls and thatched roofs for insulation.

• Seasonal Rainfall: Steep roofs to shed rainwater and prevent accumulation.

• Wind/Dust: Low-height structures with wooden reinforcements for stability.

• Water Scarcity: Located near seasonal rivers; some homes incorporate

rainwater collection.

Structural Elements
Shape:
• Walls:
• Circular/semi-circular homes reduce wind resistance.
• Mud mixed with grass for insulation.
• Some rectangular plans in permanent settlements.
• Wooden frames covered with woven grass mats for air circulation
 Structural Elements
• Roofing: • Floors:
• Thatch (dried grass/reeds) for shade and cooling; steeply sloped • Earth floors smoothed and compacted; sometimes covered with animal hides or
for rain drainage. woven mats.
.
• Entrances and Windows:
• Some homes have partially open roofs for ventilation/smoke
escape.
• Small, low doors to keep heat out and protect against dust storms.

• Few or no windows to maintain cool interiors.

Lessons Learned from Mursi and Hamar Housing

Sustainable and Climate-Responsive Design
-Traditional houses offer low-cost, passive cooling solutions for hot climates.
Use of Locally Sourced Materials
- Eco-friendly materials reduce environmental impact and promote sustainability.
Adaptability to Changing Needs
-Housing should be flexible and easy to reconstruct, especially in dynamic
environments.
Cultural and Social Preservation
-Architecture reflects identity, traditions, and social structures, reinforcing
community bonds.
 INTERNATIONAL CASE STUDY
The Traditional Houses of the Maasai (East Africa)

Introduction
The Maasai people, an indigenous ethnic group in Kenya and Tanzania, are known for their
semi-nomadic lifestyle, cattle herding, and close connection to nature. Their traditional housing,
called enkang, is essential for survival in the harsh East African savannah, characterized by
extreme heat and seasonal rainfall. The design of the Maasai house reflects community values,
cultural beliefs, and environmental adaptation strategies. Settlements are located in the
semi-arid Kolla region, where temperatures can exceed 35°C, and water scarcity influences
construction methods and mobility.

Year of Construction and Completion

Construction of a Maasai house typically begins at the start of the rainy season
around March, when materials like mud, grass, and wood are abundant.
A traditional enkang can be built within 2 to 3 weeks, depending on size and
manpower. These houses are often rebuilt every 5–7 years due to degradation
from weather conditions, particularly heavy rains and strong winds.

Environmental and Climatic Context

The Maasai inhabit regions with extreme temperature fluctuations and limited
rainfall. Their housing design is influenced by several environmental factors:
mud and cow dung provide insulation and cooling; thatched roofs are sloped to
efficiently shed rainwater; homes are low and compact to withstand strong winds;
and the compact structure minimizes dust exposure while maintaining stable
internal temperatures.

.
 Construction Methods and Materials
The Maasai use locally available natural materials for constructing their houses, ensuring sustainability and adaptability to their nomadic lifestyle.

Structural Elements Shape: Walls:

Constructed using mud mixed with cow dung, the walls offer insulation against
Most Maasai homes are round or oval-shaped, with a central open space used the heat while being able to withstand the seasonal rainfall.The walls are
for cooking, socializing, and livestock.The round shape also helps in minimizing plastered regularly to reinforce them against the weather.
wind resistance

Floors:
The floor is compacted earth covered with animal hides or grass
Roofing: mats for comfort.
The roof is thatched with grass to provide protection against rain and sun.
The roof is alsosteeply sloped to ensure rainwater runoff and prevent Entrances and Windows:
water from accumulating. The house has a single, low entrance, and windows are minimal to
conserve energy and reduce exposure to dust and sun.
 Adaptation to Climate and Lifestyle
Climate Adaptation Strategies Nomadic and Agro-Pastoralist Lifestyle Adaptation
• Mud and Cow Dung Walls: Regulate internal temperatures; cool during • Movability: Houses are temporary, easily dismantled, and rebuilt to follow
the day, warm at night. grazing patterns and water sources.

• Thatched Roofs: Shed rainwater quickly; provide ventilation to keep

interiors cool and dry. • Livestock Integration: Separate enclosures for cattle reflect their economic
and cultural significance.

• Collective Living: Families cluster together, reinforcing social structure and

communal living.

• Insulation Materials: Cow dung enhances insulation and wall durability

during rains.

• Low and Compact Structure: Minimizes dustexposure; withstands

strong winds
 Social and Cultural Significance of Housing
Gender Roles in Housing Construction

• Women are primarily responsible for house construction, symbolizing their role in home-making
and cultural practices.

Climate Change Impacts

• Changing Rainfall Patterns: Erratic rainfall affects availability of building materials like
grass for thatching.
• Increased Temperatures: Cooling methods become less effective with rising temperatures.

Lessons Learned from Maasai Housing

•Sustainability through Local Materials

• Use of renewable, locally sourced materials ensures sustainability and adaptability.
Nomadic Adaptation
• Mobility in housing design allows adaptation to changing landscapes.
• Traditional housing reflects identity, culture, and social organization, reinforcing communal
bonds
3 SITE ANALYSIS

LOCATION MAP

r, Somalia, Ethiopia

ove sea level

gitude : 6°44’N
Unique features
Site-kebridehar 1. Predominantly Somali Inhabited:
2. Hot and Arid Climate:
3. Unique Clan-Based Social Structure:
Altitude: 706m ab 4. Strong Oral Tradition and Poetry:
5. Islamic Religious Identity:
Latitude and lon 6. Unique Architectural Adaptations:
44°16’E / 6.733°N 44.267°E
SITE BOUNDARY

The University Of
Kebri Dehar is found 2381
meters from our site.

Kebri Dehar international Kebri Dehar’s full gospel b Kebri Dehar city health Cilmi Dheere mosque
airport is found 5000 eliever’s church is found center is found 800 meters from is found 590 meters from
meters from our site 1020 meters from our site. our site our site.

Fafen River is a river of eastern Ethiopia. Rising to the east of Harar, in Harari Region
, it cuts through a series of wide, flat shelves of sedimentary rocks made of sandstone
, limestone, and gypsum as it descends in a south-eastern direction towards the Shebelle River.
It is found about 208
meters from our site.
VEGETATION MAP

The region features vegetation adapted to its semi-arid climate. It expe-

riences low annual rainfall and high temperatures, which significantly
influence the types of plants that can thrive there. Vegetation patterns
vary seasonally, with some plants becoming dormant during the driest
months and flourishing in the rainy season when moisture becomes
available. The vegetation is primarily made up of drought-resistant
species known as xerophytes. These plants have developed adaptations
to conserve water, often characterized by thick, fleshy leaves or stems
that store moisture for survival during dry periods.
TOPOGRAPHY MAP

B
B
A

Section B.B
0.85% GENTLE SLOPE

Our site is surounded by one main and one secoundary road

ROAD NETWORK MAP even though our site is located in residential isolated zone

the road width is 8m made of asphalt

CLIMATE ANALYSIS
The Somali Region of Ethiopia is characterized by a harsh and challenging
climate, primarily classified as hot and arid (BWh) and hot semi-arid (BSh) ; 3. High Evaporation Rates:
1. High Temperatures: • Arid Conditions
• Average Temperatures • Limited Water Resources.
• Extreme Heat
• Little Seasonal Variation
• Diurnal Range

2. Low Rainfall:
• Aridity
• Average Rainfall Amounts
• Unreliable Rainfall
• Short Rainy Seasons
• Droughts

4. Strong Winds:
• Prevailing Winds
• Dust Storms
• Soil Erosion

5. High Solar Radiation:

• Intense Sunlight
• UV Exposure

Understanding these characteristics

is essential for developing sustainable
solutions for living in hot and arid regi
ons, including appropriate agricultural
practices, water management strategies
, and building designs that prioritize ener
gy efficienc
CLIMATE ANALYSIS

SUNPATH

Hottest Month June (28 °C avg)

Coldest Month December (22 °C avg)
Wettest Month August (111.7 mm avg)
Windiest Month July (29 km/h avg)
Annual precip. 654.0 mm (per year)
 5 KEY FINDINGS
1.WATER CONDITION IN KEBRIDEHAR
• Hot and arid climates often face water shortages, complicating
the maintenance of gardens and green spaces around homes.
• water access is highly dependent on seasonal rainfall.

2.MATERIAL USED IN KEBRIDEHAR

• Concrete, brick, tile, and thick plaster
will absorb large quantities of
heat and release it slowly. This “the
rmal mass effect” helps even out dai
• In hot climates, heat is absorbed
during the day and released at night
when outdoor temperatures are lowerly
temperature swings.
2.1.MATERIAL USED FOR ROOFING
•Dermo (Mats): Made by interweaving
hundreds of plaits of Caw.

•Tools:
Handmade tools for cutting and weaving

2.2. MATERIAL USED FOR FLOOR SYSTEM

-The cow is plaited into gadaan single

long sheets,through a process called
falag
multiole gadaan are interwoven to creat
dermo mat.
 2.3.MATERIAL USED FOR STRUCTURAL SYSTEM

•Gob branches form the arched skelton

of the hut.
•Lool branches are added perpendicularly
for additional support.
•Udub dhexaad fortifies the structure.

2.4.MATERIAL USED FOR WALL SYSTEM

•Dermo mats are fastened onto the

framework.
 5 CLIMATE ISSUE ANALYSIS
When constructing a traditional house in hot and arid climatic conditions, several key climatic issues must be considered to ensure comfortable living.

1, Solar Radiation 2. High Temperatures 3. Low Humidity

Intense sunlight leads to signifi Extreme daytime temperatures Dry air can lead to discom
:cant heat gain.
can make interiors unbearable. fort and dehydration.

5. Diurnal Temperature 6 low vegitation

4. Wind and Dust
Variations make the site loss it green
Hot, dry winds can carry
dust and sand look and have brown look.
Large temperature swings bet
ween day and night.
 KEBRI DAHAR HOUSING AND CLIMATE ADAPTATION
Elevated houses enhance airflow and keep interiors cooler. Minimized openings reduce heat gain by day and heat loss by night, keeping interiors cooler

Extended overhangs and balconies provide shade, reducing heat Locally sourced materials like stone and clay help regulate indoor temperatures with the
absorption and keeping interiors cooler. natural thermal properties.

Thick walls absorb and release heat slowly, stabilizing indoor temperatures. High windows enhance ventilation by letting warm air escape and cool air enter.
6 PASSIVE DESIGN STRATEGY
WATER SOLUTION
Our site is elevated in 3-4 meters above the river. Allows for gravity-fed system, which is the most energy efficent solution. since the river is 160 meters away, we will
need to pipe water ffrom the river to our site.

1.GRAVITY-FED SYSTEM

2. PUMP-BASED SYSTEM
WIND SOLUTION

AS WE KNOW THE HARSH WIND COMES

FROM NORTH-EAST DIRCTION, TO PREVENT
THE WIND WE MAKE OUR STRUCTURE FROM
THIS SIDE CURVED.

AND FROM THIS SIDE WE OPEN AN

OPENNIG FOR AIR CIRCULATION WHICH
AND WE OPPENED AS MUCH
IS DUST FREE. AND THE WIND WILL NOT
AS OPENINGS FOR CROSS
BE HARSH BECOUSE THE CURVED
VENTILATION FOR COLLING
STRUCTURE DIVERRGED IT.
THE ROOM.
SOUND SOLUTION

-The area is particularry proned to

less sound because its loced in
resditional area evenif
there is roads near by

.VEGETATION SOUND
BUFFER FOR NOISE

DUST SOLUTION

-Exposed by harsh wind from the

north east direction towards the
south west direction the region
is always affected by it .

1.REDIRECTING BY USING
POINTED CURVED SHAPES

2.FILTERING OPENININGS
MADE OF DERMOMATS
NJAO@I><OOG@
FRAMED WITH STACKED WOODS NFDI
3.COURTYARD MINIMIZING
UPLIFT OF THE DUST AND CONTROL RJJ?
IT
4.WATER POND MOSTIERIZING
THE ENIVIROMENT
S

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8 CONCEPTUAL RELATIONSHIP
RELATIONSHIP MATRIX

TS
VI Y L SS

NG
/
HT
criteria matrix

EN
Y

DA ACE
S

CY
NC

BI
AD TER

EW IG

EM
for:

QU L
IVA
UM
CE

RE ECIA
IC
residentional SPECIAL

IR
ME

JA

PR
PL
BL
CONSIDERATIONS

SQ

SP
PU
1.master bed 6 9,7, Y Y MORNING LIGHT
N N Y
10 WITHOUT DUST
2.toliet 4-6 4,6 H N Y N N

3.kitchen 6-8 5,7 L Y Y N N

4.living 2,8,
6-8 H Y N N N
10
5.store 4-6 3,7 N N N Y SECURITY
Y
6.prayer room 4-5 2,4 H N Y N
I
7.baren 9-12 3,5 L I Y N Y SECURITY
8.serving space 4 4,10 Y N N
M I
4-6 1,4 Y N Y Y MORNING LIGHT
9.BED M
WITHOUT DUST
4-6 4,9 H Y N Y NEEDED TO BE
10.COURTYARD I
3,6 COMNTROLLRD
 BUBBLE DIAGRAM BEDROOMS
PRIVATE TOILETS
PRIVATE
PUBLIC ZONE PRAYER ROOM
ABULATION ZONE
AREA
COURTYARD
COURTYARD

LIVING SERVICE KITCHEN

AREA DINNIG ZONE STORAGE
AREA BARN
BUBBLE DIAGRAM

FUNCTIONAL FLOWCHART BED

PRAYER
ROOM
ABULATION MASTER BED
AREA TOILET
COURTYARD

LIVING AREA STORE

KITCHEN

BARN
/ SCHEMATIC DIAGRAM

."45&3
50*-&5 #&%3.
13":&3 #&%
300. 3.
"#6-65*0/

#"3/
4503&

-*7*/(
300.
$0635:"3%

,*$)&/

&/53:
HIERARCHY OF SPACES RELATION SHIP DIAGRAM
parameter:temperature
and area

bed
PRAYER living room room
ROOM

BED ROOM

bath
LIVING ROOM
room

KITCHEN

sto
STORAGE age
kitchen
high temperatuer

HIERARCY BASED ON PRIVACY

midium temperatue

low temperatuer
PROGRAM ZONNING
VENTILATION AND CIRCULATION

LEGEND
LIVING ROOM BATH ROOM
PRAYING BED ROOM 02 CIRCULATION PATH
KITCHEN STORE
BARN BED ROOM 01 WIND DIRECTION

13":*/(
-*7*/(300.
#"5)
300.

,*5$)&/ #&%300.

4503&

#"3/ #&%300.

DN

DN
plan -
---

1 2 3
10000 5000

A A

BATH ROOM PRAYING AREA

AREA6M2 AREA 10M2
8000

8000
LIVING ROOM
- AREA 20M2 -
--- ---

DN
B B

BED ROOM 2 COURT YARD

AREA 12M2
6000

6000
KITCHEN 305
AREA 9M2

C C
105

STORE
AREA 6M2
OUTDOOR
KITCHEN
9000

9000
BARN
AREA 9M2
BED ROOM1
AREA 14M2
D D
DN

-
---

10000 5000
FLOOR PLAN
SCALE 1:100
1 2 3
ROOF DESIGN
+

0.6CM

+1.5

+2.00
+2.00 NE
+1.5
+1.5 SW

roof plan NE side roof if is elevated created a level difference barrier for wind
redircting the wind. The south west roof is lower level creting a
overlayed with plan centeral less exposed court yard.
 BUILDING MATERIAL AND CONSTRUCTION PROCESS

A.Foundation System
Material
-Wood
-Stone
-Earth

Construction process
1.Site clearing and marking
2.Trench excavation
-Depth-1.2m
-Width-0.6-0.8m
3.Stone base layer
-Lay flat stone (0.3m thick) at the bottom of
trench
4.Stacked stone wall (main load bearing)
-use 0.5-0.3m stones stacked without mortar(3-5cm)
-fill gaps using small stones(<0.1m)
5. Insert horizontal timber beams or logs
 B.Floor System
Material
-wooven Mat
-Timber Deck
-Joist

C. Wall system
Material
-Dermo mat
-Interwoven Gadaan
-Clay lime

Construction process
Dermo Mat & Gadaan
Frame: Use wooden posts or sticks (5–10 cm diameter), spaced 60–100 cm apart,
interlocked to form a structural grid.

Weaving: Interweave gadaan (fibrous ropes) tightly across the frame to form a mesh base.

Mat Layer: Fasten dermo mats to the gadaan mesh using natural ties or nails. Mats are about 1–2 cm thick.

Finish (Optional): Can add a clay-lime render or leave exposed for natural ventilation.
 D.Roof System
Roof Type Dome-shaped, modular frame structure
Overall Height 2.5 – 3 meters (depending on use and room height below)
Dome Radius 2.5 – 4 meters (creates approx. 5–8 m diameter dome)
Bent Wood Sticks 3 – 4 meters long, 3 – 5 cm diameter, flexible branches or saplings
Spacing Between Ribs ~30 – 50 cm apart along base circumference
Cross-Lashing Horizontal ties every 30 – 40 cm up the curve of the dome
Insulation Layer Woven grass/thatch bundles ~5–8 cm thick
Outer Finish Dermo mats or hide, optional waterproofing layer (if available)
FOUNDATION TO FLOOR DETAIL
COIUMN DETAIL

At the top covered by

local woven mats.

5mm pores
between wooden
panels to allow
air flow from lower
parts of the floor

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FOUNDATION DETAIL

203 mmX216 mm

Stacked stone wall (main load bearing)

-use 0.5-0.3m stones stacked without mortar(3-5cm)
- fill gaps using small stones(<0.1m).

Stone base layer

-Lay at stone (0.3m thick) at the bottom of
trench.
 -
---

WOOD STAIR
m
120c
12

17cm
0c
m

30
cm 17cm

30
cm

A B C D
-
---

WEST.E
L2
L1
600
0

-
---
203 mmX216 mm timber log

Stacked stone wall (main load bearing)

-use 0.5-0.3m stones stacked without mortar(3-5cm)
- fill gaps using small stones(<0.1m).

Stone base layer

-Lay at stone (0.3m thick) at the bottom of
trench.

  




NORTH

/
/





 EXTERIOR 1
OUTDOOR

INTERIOR 1
- LIVING ROOM
---
WINDOW DOOR SCHEDULE

NAME Door 3 Door 4

Door 1 Door 2
SIZE 200CM X 210CM 100CM X 210CM 80CM X 210CM 188CM X 210CM

MATERIAL WOOD DORMAT

WOOD DORMAT FINISH WOOD WOOD
FINISH
FRAME TYPE
WOOD WOOD WOOD WOOD

HANDLE TYPE WOOD WOOD WOOD WOOD

OPENING HAND RIGHT RIGHT HANDED RIGHT HANDED BOTH HANDED

QUANTITY 1 7 1 1
( Living,bed
LOCATION ENTRANCE((main door) romms,prayer room)
BATH ROOM BARN

ORENTATION IN IN IN OUT
WINDOW DOOR SCHEDULE

NAME WINDOW 1 WINDOW 2 WINDOW 3

SIZE 100CMX100CM
50CMX50CM

MATERIAL WOOD WOOD WOOD

FRAME TYPE WOOD

WOOD WOOD

HANDLE TYPE WOOD WOOD WOOD

OPENING HAND

QUANTITY 8 1
1

LOCATION Bed rooms,kitchen,store BATH ROOM BARN

ORENTATION
13 SPECFICATION
MATERIAL SPECFICATION
BASED ON SYSTEM
SAMPLE
SYSTEM MATERIAL SPECFICATION FUNCTION
PICTURE
locally available provides
Foundation Stone blocks and supports timber structural
System vertical timber post placed support and
post directly on ground stablity
Timber( deck Hard wood for Elevated
Floor boards, joists, durablity flooring
system posts), wooven breathable floor for air
mats with gaps circulation
Wooden Thermal
Wall Wooden frame
interlocked insulation
system Dermo mats
lattice frame fast assembly
Bent wooden Dome shape Light weight
Roof
sticks or poles lattice framework cool interior
system
natural thatch covered with day, warm
or mats mats at night
 VEGITATION

NAME PICTURE SPECIES PURPOSE LOCATION

senegalia senegal Near Barn

Acacia Senegal Medicinal
(L.)

megalacantha Medical,cos- Court yard

Aloe Megalacan- metic
tha

edulis Medicinal and Court yard

Blepharisedulis Traditional

Food source,Shade
dactylifera Court yard
Date Palm Tree and Shelter

Boscia boscia sene- Medical, Ecologi-

nowhere
galensis cal, and Environ-
mental role