Chap III: Projection Systems
To see the video, please put the
presentation in the slide show mode
PROJECTION SYSTEMS
1. View in the direction a = view from the front
2. View in the direction b = view from above
3. View in the direction c = view from the left
4. View in the direction d = view from the right
5. View in the direction e = view from below
6. View in the direction f = view from the rear
PROJECTION SYSTEMS
1. First angle system
- European country
- ISO standard First Quadrant
2. Third angle system
- Canada, USA,
Japan, Thailand
Third
Quadrant
ORTHOGRAPHIC PROJECTION
1st angle system 3rd angle system
ORTHOGRAPHIC VIEWS
1st angle system 3rd angle system
Folding
line
Folding
line
Folding
line
Folding
line
ORTHOGRAPHIC VIEWS
1st angle system 3rd angle system
Right Side View Front View Top View
Top View Front View Right Side View
PROJECTION SYMBOLS
First angle system Third angle system
Quick Quiz
3. Which is in correct first angle projection ? (180 sec)
a) b)
c) d)
0 45 90 135 180
4. Which is in correct third angle projection ? (180 sec)
a) b)
c) d)
0 45 90 135 180
5. Which is a wrong 3rd angle orthographic views ?
(180 sec)
a) b)
c) d)
0 45 90 135 180
VIEW SELECTION STEPS
1. Orient the object to the best position
relative to a glass box.
2. Select the front view.
3. Select adjacent views.
STEP 1 : Orient the Object
The object should be placed in its natural position.
The object should presents its features in actual
size and shape in orthographic views.
GOOD NO !
STEP 2 : Select a Front View
The object’s longest dimension should be
presented as a width.
First choice Second choice
Waste more space
Inappropriate GOOD
STEP 2 : Select a Front View
The adjacent views that are projected from the
selected front view should appear in its natural
position.
Inappropriate
STEP 2 : Select a Front View
Choose the view that have the fewest number of
hidden lines.
GOOD Inappropriate
STEP 3 : Select an Adjacent View
Choose the view that have the fewest number of
hidden lines.
GOOD
Inappropriate
GOOD
Inappropriate
STEP 3 : Select an Adjacent View
Choose the minimum number of views that can
represent the major features of the object.
Necessary Hole’s location can be
specified on the same view.
Easy to understand
Difficult to interprete.
Necessary
STEP 3 : Select an Adjacent View
Choose the views that are suitable to a drawing
space.
POOR
Not enough space
for dimensioning.
STEP 3 : Select an Adjacent View
Choose the views that are suitable to a drawing
space.
GOOD
Example : View selection
mislead to…
D
H W
F.V.
W D
F.V. & T.V. Three views F.V. & R.S.V.
Size description
Shape description
ONE-VIEW DRAWING
Flat part having a uniform thickness.
1 Thick
Unnecessary These 2 views provide only information
about the part thickness !
ONE-VIEW DRAWING
Cylindrical-shaped part.
Unnecessary
Repeat !
Infer from CL
Unnecessary
TWO-VIEW DRAWING
There exists an identical view.
Repeat !
Unnecessary
TWO-VIEW DRAWING
The 3rd view has no significant contours of the object.
Unnecessary
TWO-VIEW DRAWING
The 3rd view has no significant contours of the object.
Unnecessary
Quick Quiz
1. Which should be the natural position of the light
bulb ? (20 sec)
a b)
c) d)
0 5 10 15 20
2. Which are the necessary views ? (60 sec)
a) A-C-E E
D
b) E-B-D
B
c) E-A
d) E-C
A C
F
0 15 30 45 60
Projection
Projection
Projection
Quick Quiz
Projection
B(FV) A(TV) C(SV) C(FV)
D(FV) A(FV) D(SV)
B(SV)
Drawing Reading
Drawing Reading
Rear tool post is generally used on capstan lathes, mainly for parting-off operations. It is fixed
on the cross-slide in the slots, provided at the rear side of the lathe
Example:
(See also:
Pages 51 to 55
See the reference
book Narayana)
Assignment:
Draw (i) the view from the front, (ii) the view from above and
(iii) the view from the left of the two objects shown in Figures
below.
Due time: 20 Nov
