Chapter Check up
A. Fill in the Blanks:
1.Sensors are devices that detect changes in the environment.
2.An actuator is a component that converts electrical signals into physical movement.
3.The L298N is a motor driver used to control DC motors.
4.A servo motor can rotate to a specific angle.
5.The ultrasonic sensor measures distance using sound waves.
6.The Arduino UNO is the brain of a robot and controls its actions.
B. Write the names of the given sensors:
IR Sensor Ultrasonic Sensor Clap Sensor
C. Critical Thinking:
1.Should robots be allowed to make important decisions, like diagnosing diseases or
driving cars? Why or why not?
No, robots should not make important decisions like diagnosing diseases or driving cars
on their own.________________________________________________________________
This is because robots rely on data and programming, but they don’t have human
emotions, experiences, or the ability to understand situations fully. Humans can make
decisions with empathy, ethics, and a deeper understanding of context, which robots can
not do yet.__________________________________________________________________
2.Imagine the future with robots. What kind of robots would you like to see? Describe
one robot and how it would help people.
In the future, I would like to see a robot called HelpBot. It would be a friendly, small
robot with wheels and a screen. HelpBot could help elderly people by bringing food,
reminding them to take medicine, and assisting with small tasks. It could also help
students with homework and reading.___________________________________________
D. Answer the following questions:
1) What is an actuator, and how does it work?
An actuator is a device that converts energy into motion to control or move something in a
system. It works by receiving a signal and using electricity, air, or fluid pressure to create
movement, like making a robot arm lift or move.____________________________________
2) Explain the function of the L298N motor driver.
The L298N motor driver is used to control motors in electronic projects. It takes low-power
signals from a microcontroller and uses them to control the speed and direction of the
motors, allowing them to move forward, backward, or stop. It can control two motors at
the same time and helps adjust the voltage to regulate motor speed._____________________
3) What is the principle behind the ultrasonic sensor?
An ultrasonic sensor works by sending out high frequency sound waves that we can't hear.
When the sound hits an object, it bounces back to the sensor. The sensor measures how long
it takes for the sound to return and uses that to find out how far away the object is.________
4) How does a servo motor differ from a DC motor?
A servo motor and a DC motor are both used for movement, but they work differently:____
Servo Motor: It can move to a specific position and holds that position. It is controlled
by sending a signal that tells it where to go. It's great for precise movements, like turning
a robotic arm._______________________________________________________________
DC Motor: It rotates continuously when powered, and its speed can be controlled, but it
doesn’t have the ability to stop at a specific position on its own. It's often used in
projects where continuous rotation is needed, like in fans.__________________________
5) What is the role of sensors in a robot? Give two examples of sensors.
Sensors in a robot help it sense and respond to its environment. They allow the robot to
gather information, like distance or light levels, so it can make decisions and take actions.
Examples of Sensors:____________________________________________________________
1.Ultrasonic Sensor: It measures the distance to objects by sending sound waves and
measuring the time it takes for them to return.___________________________________
2.Temperature Sensor: It detects the temperature of the surroundings and helps the robot
respond to changes in heat.___________________________________________________
