Course No: AEE-413
Course Title: Interviewing and
speech communication
Communication
Communication is the process of sharing information, ideas, or
feelings between people. It involves sending messages using
words, whether spoken or written as well as nonverbal signals
like facial expressions, gestures, and tone of voice. In simple
terms, communication is how we connect with and understand
one another every day.
Types of Communication
• Verbal
• Non-verbal
Verbal Communication:
Verbal communication is the use of words either spoken or written to share
ideas, emotions, and information. It’s not just about the content of the message
but also how the message is structured and delivered. Common types include:
Intrapersonal Communication: Your internal dialogue or self-talk.
Interpersonal Communication: Direct exchanges between two people (face-to-
face or via phone).Small Group Communication: Interactions within a small
group, such as team meetings.
Public Communication: Speaking to a larger audience, for instance in lectures or
public speeches.
Mass Communication: Disseminating information to a broad audience through
media like TV or radio.
Nonverbal Communication
Nonverbal communication conveys messages without the use of words. It encompasses
various cues that often complement or sometimes contradict verbal messages. Key types
include:
Facial Expressions: Universal expressions (e.g., smiles, frowns) that reveal emotions
Gestures: Hand and body movements (like waving or pointing) that provide context or
emphasis.
Paralinguistics (Vocalics): Aspects of the voice such as tone, pitch, and volume, which affect
the emotional quality of the message
Body Language and Posture: How you position and move your body can indicate openness,
defensiveness, or confidence.
Proxemics: The use of personal space and distance to communicate intimacy or formality.
Haptics: Communication through touch, such as a handshake or pat on the back.
Key Components of Communication
Sender: Initiates the message. Example: A teacher explaining a concept in class.
Message: The information or content conveyed. Example: A weather forecast
on TV.
Channel: The medium used to transmit the message. Examples: Face-to-face
conversation, telephone, email, social media.
Receiver: Person who interprets or decodes the message. Example: A student
listening to a lecture.
Noise: Any disturbance that affects how the message is received. Example:
Mishearing a word in a crowded room.
Models of Communication
• The Linear Model (One-Way Communication)
• The Transactional Model (Two-Way Communication)
The Linear Model (One-Way Communication)
Components: Sender, Message, Channel, Receiver, Noise.
Step-by-Step:
Sender: Person who initiates the message.
Message: The content or meaning to be shared.
Channel: The medium (e.g., speaking, texting, a video).
Receiver: The person who gets the message.
Noise: Any interference (e.g., loud background noise) that may distort the message.
Example: Watching a YouTube video. The creator sends a message via the video, and
you receive it. If there’s a loud noise outside while you’re watching, that’s “noise”
interfering.
The Transactional Model (Two-Way Communication)
In real-life conversations, both participants send and receive messages
simultaneously. Past interactions and context influence how we understand
messages.
Example: A classroom discussion where a student asks a question and the
teacher replies. Both parties are constantly encoding and decoding messages.
Discussion of Noise in Communication
“Noise”: Anything that interferes with clear communication.
Examples:
External Noise: Loud construction sounds, a buzzing phone.
Internal Noise: Personal stress, distractions in the mind.
Thank You
