Exception handling
· While writing large programs , a programmer usually makes many mistakes.
· Due to this , bugs occur even in the released softwares.
· Developing an error-free program is the only objective and intention of the programmer.
· Programmer should take care to prevent errors.
· Error can be trapped using exception-Handling features.
· A few programming languages support exception-handling features . without this feature , the
programmers should find out errors on their own.
· The error may be logical errors (or) syntax error.
· The logical error remains in the program due to a poor understanding of the program
· The Syntax Error made are due to a lack of understanding of the programming langauge
· C++ provides an Exception-Handling procedure to reduce the errors that the programmer
makes.
· The programmer always faces unusual errors while writing programs.
· An exception is an abnormal temination of the program, which is executed in a program at run
time or it may be called at run time when the error occurs.
· The exception contains warning messages such as
· invalid argument , insufficient memory , and division by zero
THE KEYWORDS try , throw & catch
· The exception - handling technique passes the control of a program from a location of exception
in a program to an exception-handler routine linked with the try lock .
· An exception - handler routine can only be called by the throw statement.
try
· The try keyword is followed by a series of statements enclosed in curly braces .
Syntax :
try
{
statement-1;
statment-2;
throw
· The function of the throw statement is to send the exception found .
· The declaration of the throw statement is as follow:
Syntax:
throw (except);
throw excep;
throw // re-throwing of an exception
catch
· Similar to the try block , the catch block also contains a series of statements enclosed in curly
braced.
· It also contains an argument of an exception type in parentheses.
syntax
try
statement-1
statement-2
catch(argument)
statement-3; // Action to be taken
· when an exception found , the catch block is executed.
· The catch statement contains an argument of exception type, and it is optional.
· When an argument is declared , the argument can be used in the catch block.
· After execution of the catch block the statements inside the blocks are executed.
· In case no exception is caught , the catch block is ignored, and if a mismatch is found , the
program is terminated
Write a program without exception
#include<iostream.h>
#include<conio.h>
void main()
clrscr();
int x=5,y=0,c;
c=x/y;
cout<<"\n Division is:"<<c;
getch();
OUTOUT
division by zero
· In the above program when user divided any number by zero means the output will throw the
error like as above , but as a user it will not understandable for the user
· A programmer can solve the error with the help of exception handling
Write the above program using Exception handling
#include<iostream.h>
#include<conio.h>
void main()
clrscr();
int x=5,y=0,c=0;
try
if(y==0)
throw " Don't user Zero as a divisior";
else
c=x/y;
cout<<"\n Division is:"<<c;
catch(char* msg)
cout<<msg;
getch();
· In above program if x=5 and y=0 means the if statement become true
· so try will identify the error and throw the message "Dont use zero as a divisor" with the help of
throw keyword
· catch- block will receive that upcomming error from try block with the help of string argument
varaible( msg) and display the erro to the user.
