Chemistry 101 ANSWER KEY

REVIEW QUESTIONS
Chapter 4

1. Identify each of the following substances as a non-electrolyte (NE), weak

electrolyte (WE), or strong electrolyte (SE):

a) HF WE b) C2H5OH NE

c) LiOH SE d) HClO3 SE

e) Cu(NO3)2 SE f) H3PO4 WE

2. Complete each equation shown below:

a) AlCl3 (s) ¾¾¾

H 2O
® Al3+ (aq) + 3 Cl – (aq)

b) Na3PO4 (s) ¾¾¾

H 2O
® 3 Na+ (aq) + PO43– (aq)

c) (NH4)2CO3 (s) ¾¾¾

H 2O
® 2 NH4+ (aq) + CO32– (aq)

3. Complete the molecular equations shown below, and write balanced net
ionic equations for each:

a) Pb(NO3)2 (aq) + Na2SO4 (aq) ® PbSO4 (s) + 2 NaNO3 (aq)

Pb2+ (aq) + SO42– (aq) ® PbSO4 (s)

b) Cr(OH)3 (aq) + 3 HNO3 (aq) ® Cr(NO3)3 (aq) + 3 H2O (l)

OH– + H+ ® H2O (l)

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4. For each reaction shown below, determine if a reaction occurs. If so, write a
balanced net ionic equation. If not, write “No Rxn”.

a) Ca(OH)2 (aq) + 2 HCN (aq) ® Ca(CN)2 (aq) + 2 H2O (l)

OH– (aq) + HCN (aq) ® CN– (aq) + H2O

b) 2 AgNO3 (aq) + Na2CO3 (aq) ® Ag2CO3 (s) + 2 NaNO3 (aq)

2 Ag+ (aq) + CO32– ® Ag2CO3 (s)

c) NaCl (aq) + (NH4)2SO4 (aq) ® No Rxn

d) Na3PO4 (aq) + 3 HBr (aq) ® H3PO4 (aq) + 3 NaBr (aq)

PO43– (aq) + 3 H+ ® H3PO4 (aq)

5. Write balanced net ionic equations for each reaction described below:

a) Solid sodium hydroxide pellets are dropped in solution of sulfuric acid.

2 NaOH (s) + H2SO4 (aq) ® Na2SO4 (aq) + 2 H2O (l)

NaOH (s) + H+ (aq) ® Na+ (aq) + H2O (l)

b) Aqueous solutions of ammonium carbonate and calcium chloride are

mixed together.

(NH4)2CO3 (aq) + CaCl2 (aq) ® CaCO3 (s) + 2 NH4Cl (aq)

CO32– + Ca2+ ® CaCO3 (s)

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6. How many grams of solute are present in 50.0 mL of 1.33 M CuSO4 solution?

1.33 mol CuSO 4 159.55 g

50.0 mL x x = 10.6 g CuSO 4
1000 mL 1 mol

7. How many mL of 1.50 M Na3PO4 solution contains 5.00 g of solute?

1 mol 1000 mL
5.00 g x x = 20.3 mL
164.0 g 1.50 mol

8. What volume of 1.50 M solution of sucrose solution is required to prepare 425 mL

of 0.100 M solution?

M 1 V1 (0.100 M )(425 mL)

V2 = = = 28.3 mL
M2 1.50 M

9. Glacial acetic acid has a density of 1.049 g/mL at 25°C. What is the molarity of a
solution of acetic acid prepared by dissolving 10.00 mL of glacial acetic acid at 25°C
in enough water to make 100.0 mL of solution?

1.049 g 1 mol 1
10.00 mL x x x =1.747 M
1 mL 60.04 g 0.1000 L

10. How many mL of 2.15 M KOH are required to titrate 25.0 mL of 0.300 M HC2H3O2?

HC2H3O2 + KOH ® KC2H3O2 + H2O

0.300 mol 1 mol KOH 1000 mL

25.0 mL HC2 H 3O 2 x x x = 3.49 mL KOH
1000 mL 1 mol HC2 H 3O 2 2.15 mol

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 11. Determine the concentration of a Ba(OH)2 solution, if 15.0 mL of the base are
required to titrate 25.0 mL of 0.525 M HNO3 to an end point.

2 HNO3 + Ba(OH)2 ® Ba(NO3)2 + 2 H2O

0.525 mol 1 mol Ba(OH)2 1

25.0 mL HNO 3 x x x = 0.438 M
1000 mL 2 mol HNO 3 0.0150 L

12. A 28.7 mL sample of 1.02 M HCl is required to neutralize the NH3 present in a
5.00 mL sample of window cleaner solution. What is the molarity of NH3 in this
solution?

HCl + NH3 ® NH4Cl

1.02 mol 1 mol NH 3 1

28.7 mL HCl x x x = 5.85 M
1000 mL 1 mol HCl 5.00x10 ­3 L

13. The acetylsalicylic content of aspirin can be determined by titration of the acid with
base as shown below:

HC9H7O4 + NaOH ® NaC9H7O4 + H2O

acetylsalicylic acid

23.0 mL of 0.0770 M NaOH solution was used to neutralize the acid in a 500-mg
aspirin tablet. What is the percent of acetylsalicylic acid in the aspirin tablet?

HC9H7O4 + NaOH ® NaC9H7O4 + H2O

0.0770 mol 1 mol HC9 H 7 O 4 180.1 g 103 mg

23.0 mL NaOH x x x x = 319 mg HC9 H 7 O 4
1000 mL 1 mol NaOH 1 mol 1 g

319 mg
% Acid = x100 = 63.8%
500 mg

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14. In the compounds below, assign oxidation numbers to the underlined element:

a) H3PO2 P : +1 d) H2CO C: 0

b) Na2C2O4 C : +3 e) ClF4– Cl : +3

c) MnSO4 S: +6 g) AlH3 H: –1

15. Identify which substance is oxidized and which substance is reduced in each
of the following redox reactions.
0 0 +3 –1
a) 2 Al + 3 Cl2 ® 2 AlCl3
oxidized Al reduced Cl

–2 0 –2 +4
b) 2 NiS + 3 O2 ® 2 NiO + 2 SO2
oxidized S reduced O

–2 +5 0 +2
c) 3 H2S + 2 HNO3 ® 3 S + 2 NO + 4 H2O

Oxidized S reduced N

16. For each reaction shown below, write oxidation and reduction half-reactions.

a) Fe (s) + Cu2+ (aq) ® Cu (s) + Fe2+ (aq)

Oxidation half-reaction: Fe (s) ® Fe2+ (aq) + 2 e–

Reduction half-reaction: Cu2+ (aq) + 2 e– ® Cu (s)

b) Mg (s) + 2 HCl (aq) ® MgCl2 (aq) + H2 (g)

Oxidation half-reaction: Mg (s) ® Mg2+ (aq) + 2 e–

Reduction half-reaction: 2 H+ (aq) + 2 e– ® H2 (g)