SCH 4U1 Chemistry Review Problems (Gr. 11 Stuff!

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Answers in RED
Significant Digits
1. Calculate each of the following. Express your answer with the correct number of significant digits, and
in scientific notation if necessary (don’t forget units!!)
(a)13.7 L x 2.5 mol/L 34 mol (b) 200 mol x 3.58 g/mol 715 g (c) 0.00003 g x 727 mol/L 0.02 gL/mol

Chemical Families and Reactions 20p 2882 17p 2 8 7

1. Calcium and Chlorine react to form a solid, dark coloured compound. 20n 18n
(a) Draw Bohr-Rutherford diagrams of calcium and chlorine. Metal non-metal
(b) Which is the metal and which is the nonmetal? Ca+2 Cl-1
(c) What are the charges on the calcium and chlorine ions? CaCl2
(d) Give the chemical formula and the chemical name of the compound formed. Calcium chloride

2. A student polishes a copper wire and inserts it into a flame from a Bunsen Burner. The copper wire turns
black.
(a) Is the change observed physical or chemical? What evidence is there? Chemical – colour change!
(b) What type of reaction has taken place? How do you know? Synthesis – two reactants, one product
(c) Write a word equation for the reaction. Copper + oxygen → copper (II) oxide
(d) Write a balanced chemical equation for the reaction. 2Cu + O2 → CuO

3. Give the NAME for the following compounds:

NaNO3 CuBr2 Ag2O ZnF2 PbSO3 HF(aq) HClO2 (aq)
sodium nitrate copper(II)bromide silver oxide zinc fluoride lead(II) sulfite hydrofluoric acid chlorous acid

4. Draw the FORMULA for the following compounds:

(a) sodium oxide (b) calcium nitrite (c) iron (III) chlorate (d) potassium phosphide (e) periodic acid
Na2O Ca(NO2)2 Fe(ClO3)3 K3P HIO4 (aq)

5. Balance the following equations.

(a) 3 Mg + N2 → Mg3N2
(b) 2 Al2O3 → 4 Al + 3 O2

(c) 2 Ca + O2 → 2 CaO

6. For each of the following reactions, classify them as combustion, synthesis, decomposition, single
displacement, or double displacement.
(a) 8Ag2S —> 16Ag + S8 decomposition
(b) C5H12 + O2 —> CO2 + H2O combustion
(c) HgO —> Hg + O2 decomposition
(d) ZnI2 + Cl2 —> I2 + ZnCl2 single displacement
(e) Cu + 2AgNO3 —> 2Ag + Cu(NO3)2 single displacement

Moles
1) How many molecules are there in 13.6 mg of ethanol (C2H6O)?
M = 2(12.01) + 6(1.01) + 16.00 n = m/M
= 46.08 g/mol = 0.0136 g/ 46.08 g/mol
=0.0002951389 mol
N = n x NA
= 0.0002951389 x 6.02x1023
= 1.560016178 x10 20 molecules
= 1.56 x1020 molecules of ethanol
 2) Your teacher wants to measure out exactly 1 tsp of salt to add to her chocolate cake recipe.
There are 2.43 x 1021 formula units of sodium chloride in 1 tsp. What is the mass of salt she
adds to the batter?

n = N/NA M = 22.99+35.45 m=nxM

n = 2.43 x1021/6.02x1023 = 58.44 g/mol m = 0.0040365448 mol x 58.44 g/mol
n = 0.0040365448 mol m = 0.235895678112 g
m =0.236 g or 236 mg

3) 3.76 g of zinc reacts with 8.93 x 1023 molecules of hydrogen chloride according to the following
balanced eqn:
Zn(s) + 2HCl(aq) → H2(g) + ZnCl2(aq)

(a) Which reactant is present in excess?

Need to determine the limiting reactant first!
Zn HCl
n = m/M n=N/NA
= 3.76 g/65.39 g/mol = 8.93x1023/6.02x1023
= 0.057501147 mol = 1.4833887043 mol

Mole ratio with one product.

H2: HCl
Zn: H2 1/2 = x H2/1.4833887043
since 1:1 x = 0.7416943522 mol

if Zn limiting reactant, n of H2 is if HCl is limiting reactant, n of H2 is

0.057501146 mol 0.7416943522 mol

Since Zn produces LESS product, Zn is the LIMITING REACTANT, HCl will be in excess.

(b) What is the theoretical yield of hydrogen gas produced (in moles)?

Zn is limiting reactant so it will determine how much hydrogen gas is produced since it will run
out before the HCl

Zn: H2
since 1:1
n = 0.057501146 mol
n = 0.0575 mol

The theoretical yield of hydrogen gas is 0.0575 mol.

Solutions
1) Chemist Savio wants to make a 3.0 mol/L solution of sodium acetate in order to reproduce the cool
crystallization experiment he missed last Tuesday. If he has 20 mL of water available in a test tube,
what mass of NaC2H3O2 should he use to prepare the solution?
Sodium Acetate 82 g/mol 20 ml = 0.02L 0.02L x 3.0 mol/L = 0.06 mol x 82 g/mol = 4.92 g = 4.9 g
2) 73 g of magnesium phosphate is dissolved in 275 mL of water. What is the resulting concentration of:
(a) magnesium ions (three ions for each molecule of Mg3(PO4)2 )
(b) phosphate ions (two ions for each molecule of Mg3(PO4)2 )
Mg3(PO4)2 is 260 g/mol 73 g/ 260 g/mol = 0.28 mol (a) 0.84 mol / 0.275L = 3.0 mol/L of Mg+2
(b) 0.56 mol / 0.275L = 2.0 mol/L of PO4-3
3) Using a stock solution of 12 mol/L, what volume of stock is required to make 300 mL of a 0.7 mol/L
solution? C1V1 = C2V2
12 mol/L (V1) = (0.7 mol/L)(0.300L) = 0.0175 L
V1 = 0.02L
4) What is the resulting concentration if 35 mL of a 6 mol/L solution of NaOH is added to 400 mL of water?
C1V1 = C2V2
(6mol/L)(0.035L) = C2(0.400L)
C2 = 0.5 mol/L

5) If you want to make a 0.3 mol/L solution of Fe3+ ions from a 6 mol/L stock solution of iron(III)oxide, what
volume of water is needed if you have 20 mL of stock solution available?
Fe2O3 → two Fe3+ ions for each one molecule of iron(III)oxide
Therefore, the concentration of iron(III) ions is 12 mol/L!!
C1V1 = C2V2
12 mol/L (0.02L) = (0.3 mol/L) V2
V2= 0.8 L

6) Which of the following pairs of ions are formed when magnesium sulfate is dissolved in water?
(a) Mg2+ and SO4-2 (b) Mg+ and SO4-3 (c) Mg2+ and S-2 (d) no ions are formed

7) Which of the following pairs of ions are formed when calcium carbonate is dissolved in water?
(a) Ca2+ and CO3-2 (b) Ca+ and CO3-3 (c) Ca2+ and C-4 (d) no ions are formed
(because insoluble)

Are we
ready
now????