SAMPLING
Restricted Random Sampling- when samples are selected randomly but under certain restrictions.
Unrestricted Random Sampling- random selection is made from the whole population.
Random Sampling- a part of the sampling techniques in which each sample has an equal probability of being
chosen. A sample chosen randomly is meant to be an unbiased representation of the total population.
Systematic Sampling- a probability sampling method where researchers select members of the population at
a regular interval.
For example, by selecting every 15th person on a list of the population.
Purposive Sampling- a form of non- probability sampling in which researcher rely on their own judgement
when choosing members of the population to participate in their surveys.
Incidental Sampling- that type of sampling in which the researcher pick-up data or information’s from those
who fall into hand or present at the time of research.
Quota Sampling- elements from the population are chosen on a non-random basis and all members of the
population do not have an equal chance of being selected to be a part of the sample group.
Cluster Sampling- researchers divide a population into smaller groups known as clusters.
Statistics- science which deals with the systematic process of collecting, organizing, classifying, presenting,
interpreting and analyzing data.
Interpretation of Data- an act or instance of interpreting an explanation. This is done to give meaning to data
generated from the instrument to answer the problems raised in the study.
LEVELS OF INTERPRETATION
1. Table Reading
2. Implications or meaning of Data
3. Cross referencing or corroboration wherein the results are to be compared with the existing knowledge
or finished studies.
CRIME STATISTICS
1. Index crimes- are crimes which are sufficiently significant and which occur with sufficient regularity to be
meaningful, such as murder, homicide, physical injury, robbery, theft and rape.
2. Non-index crimes- are crimes that are not classified as index crimes. Violations of special laws and
other crimes against moral and order. These crimes care generated from the result of positive police
initiated operations.
SITUATION 1
Total reported cases 10,500
Total solved case 6, 500
Formula:
No. of Solved Cases
CSE = x 100
Total No. of Reported Cases
