Chapter 2: GEOMETRY

2.1 Describe a Circle

2.1.1 Properties Of Circles

1. A circle is a simple, beautiful and symmetrical shape.
2. When a circle is rotated through any angle about its centre, its orientation remains the same.
3. The characteristics of a circle:

Characteristics Description Diagram

• The common distance of the points of a

Radius
circle from centre.

• A straight line drawn through centre. Chord

Diameter • The length is twice the radius
(Two radiuses make one diameter). Radius

Circumference • The perimeter or length of the circle. Diameter

• A line segment whose two endpoints lie

Chords
on the circle.

Circumference
• A straight line that touches the circle at a
Tangent Tangent
single point.

• Any connected part of the circle’s

Arc
circumference.

• A region bounded by two radiuses and an

Sector
arc lying between the radiuses.

• A region bounded by a chord and an arc

Segment
lying between the chord’s endpoints.

2.1.6 Converting Measurements in Radians to Degrees and Vice Versa

Smart Facts…
1. Apart from the unit of degrees, we can also measure angles in radians. The abbreviation of radians
is rad.
2. The formula to convert degrees to radians is
1 radian = 1 rad.

  
m° =  m   radians
 180  Smart Facts…
The measurements in
radians can be expressed:
a) in terms of π,
3. The formula to convert radians to degrees is b) without involving π.

Smart Facts…
 180 
m radians =  m   degrees • 45°

   =
4
rad.


• 90° = rad.
2
• 180° =  rad.
3
• 270° = rad.
2
• 360° = 2 rad.

Calculus and Algebra

1 Chapter 2 − Geometry
 Example 1 Example 2

Convert [CLO 1] Convert [CLO 1]

a) 37° 17’ to radians, a) 1.0463 radians to degrees,
b) 60° to radians in terms of π. 25
b)  radians to degrees.
9
Solution:
 Solution:
a) 37° 17’ = 37° 17’ ×
180 180
a) 1.0463 rad. = 1.0463 ×
= 0.6507 rad. 
= 59.95°
Answers in radians should be
stated correct to 4 decimal places, Answers in degrees should be stated
so that it is accurate enough. correct to 2 decimal places, so that it
is accurate enough.

b) 60° = 60 ×
180 25 25 180
b)  rad. = ×
 9 9 
= rad. = 500°
3

Example 3 Example 4

Convert [CLO 1] Convert [CLO 1]

a) 45° 10’ to radians, a) 1.917 radians to degrees,
b) 140° to radians in terms of π. 11
b)  radians to degrees.
6
Solution:
Solution:

7
Ans: a) 0.7884 rad., b)  rad. Ans: a) 109.82°, b) 330°
9

2.1.2 Determine Circumference and Arc Length of a Circle

1. The circumference is the distance around the edge of the circle.
2. When we divide the circumference by the diameter we get 3.141592654… which is the number
π (Pi). Thus, we can say:
Smart Facts…
Circumference = π × Diameter
= πd

3. Also note that the diameter is twice the radius.

So, this is also true:

Circumference = 2 × π × Radius
= 2πr

Calculus and Algebra

2 Chapter 2 − Geometry
 Example 5 Example 6

Johan walks around a circle which has a The circle has radius 21 cm. What is its
diameter of 100 m. How far have he walked? circumference? [CLO 1]
[CLO 1]

Solution: Solution:

Distance walked = Circumference

= πd
= π (100)
= 314.16 m
Ans: 131.95 cm

4. If the circumference of a circle is divided into two parts ofdifferent lengths, the shorter part is
known as theminor arc while the longer part is known as the major arc.

Smart Facts…
2π −θ When using the formula
Major Minor s = rθ, make sure the θ
θ is in radians.
arc arc

r
5. If s is the arc length of an arc of a circle of radius r,
O θ s
that subtends an angle θ radians, at the centre O, then
r
Arc length = Radius × Angle
s = rθ

Example 7 Example 8

In the diagram, find the A In the diagram, find C

length of the arc AB. 10 cm the length of the arc 5 cm
[CLO 1] 2.5 CD. [CLO 1] O 60° 25’
O
rad.
D
Solution:
B
Solution: θmust be in radians.
Length of arc CD
Length of arc AB, s = rθ s = rθ
= 10 (2.5)   
= 5  60 25 '  
= 25 cm  180 
= 5.27 cm

Calculus and Algebra

3 Chapter 2 − Geometry
Example 9 Example 10
Question 1 (a), Session June 2012

In the diagram, find In the diagram, OPQ and ORS are sectors of
P
the length of major 7 cm two circles with centre O where QOR and POS
arc PQR. [CLO 3] 0.95 are straight lines. Given that OP = 2OS and OP
Q O
rad. = 10 cm. [CLO 3]
a) Find the arc length of QP and SR.
R b) Calculate the perimeter of the whole
Solution: diagram. Q
S
Length of the major arc PQR O
s = rθ 80°
= 7 (2π − 0.95)
10 cm R
360° = 2π rad. P
Solution:
= 7 (5.3332)
= 37.33 cm

Example 11

Calculate the length of the minor arc PQ

which subtends an angle of 65° at the centre
of a circle of radius 8.6 cm. [CLO 3]

Solution:

Ans: 9.76 cm Ans: a) 13.96 cm, 6.98 cm, b) 50.94 cm

Example 12

In the following circles, calculate: [CLO 3]

a) length of arc, s, b) radius, r, c) angle, θ in degrees.

6.5 cm
r
O θ
6.5 O 6 cm O
135° 4 cm
cm 4.8 rad.
s

Solution:

Ans: a) 15.32 cm, b) 4.05 cm, c) 93.11°

Calculus and Algebra

4 Chapter 2 − Geometry
 Example 13

The diagram shows that PQ and RS are the arcs of circles of radii P
OP and OS respectively. Given that arc PQ = 10.6 cm, OS = 3 cm and
R
OP = 3OS, find: [CLO 3] O
10.6 cm
a)  POQ in radians,
S 3 cm
b) the perimeter of the diagram.
Q
Solution:

Ans: a) 1.1778 rad., b) 38.13 cm

2.1.2 Determine Area of a Sector and Area of a Segment of a Circle

1. If a circle is divided into two sectors of different sizes, the smaller sector is known
as the minor sector while the larger sector is known as the major sector.

2π −θ Smart Facts…
Minor When using the formula
θ sector 1
Major A = r 2 , remember
2
sector that the angle θ is
measured in radians.

r
2. If A is the area of a sector of a circle, of radius r,
that subtends an angle θ radians, at the centre O, then O θ A
r
1 2
Area of a sector, A = r 
2

Example 14 Example 15

In the diagram, find the C In the diagram, find E

area of the sector OCD. 8 cm the area of the major 14 cm
1.5
[CLO 1] O 110 ° sector OECF. [CLO 3] C O
rad.

F
D Solution:
Solution:

Area of the sector OCD, θmust be in radians. Area of the major sector OECF,
1
1
A = r 2 A = r 2 One whole turn,
2 2
360° is 2π rad.
= (14 ) 2 ( 2 − 1.5)
  1
1 
= (8 ) 2  110   2
2  180 
= 468.75 cm2
= 61.44 cm2

Calculus and Algebra

5 Chapter 2 − Geometry
Example 16 Example 17

Diagram shows a ΔOBC that has a right angle A sector of radius 5 cm has an arc length of 8
at B and OAB is a sector of a circle, with centre cm. Calculate the area of the sector. [CLO 3]
O, such that OB = 12 cm and COB = 0.5
radians. Find: [CLO 3] Solution:
a) the length of BC,
b) the area of the shaded region. C
A

0.5 rad.
O B
12 cm
Solution:
180 Ans: 20 cm2
a) θ = 0.5 rad. × = 28.65°

BC Example 18
In ΔOBC, tan 28.65° =
12
BC = 12 (tan 28.65°) Given that the area of
= 6.56 cm the shaded sector of a
r 120°
circle is 64 cm2.
b) Area of the sector OAB Calculate the radius of O

A1 = ( 12 ) 2 (0.5) = 36 cm2
1 the circle. [CLO 3]
2
Solution:
Area of the ΔOBC
1
A2 =  12  6.56 = 39.36 cm2
2

Thus, area of the shaded region

A = A2− A1
= 39.36 − 36
= 3.36 cm2
Ans: 7.82 cm

Example 19
Question 1 (c), Session Dec 2012
In the diagram, PFQ is an arc of a circle with radius 14 cm
F
and centre O. OJQ is a semicircle. Calculate: [CLO 3]
a) The perimeter of the shaded region. P
J
b) The area of the shaded region.

Solution: O Q
240°

Ans: a) 65.31 cm, b) 128.28 cm2

Calculus and Algebra

6 Chapter 2 − Geometry
 Example 20 Example 21

Given that the area of a sector of a circle is Given that the area of a sector is 160 cm2 with
49.5 cm2 which subtends an angle of 0.4π rad. radius of 10 cm. Find the angle, θ in radians,
at the centre. Find the radius, r, of the circle. of the sector. [CLO 3]
[CLO 3]
Solution:
Solution:

Ans: 8.88 cm Ans: 3.2 rad.

3. The area of a segment can be determined by subtracting the area ofthe triangle OPQ from the
area of the sector OPRQ as shown in the figure.

Area of the segment PRQ P Segment

= Area of the sector OPRQ − Area of the isosceles OPQ r
1 1
= r 2 − r 2 sin  O θ R
2 2
In degrees r

r (  − sin  )
= 1 2 Q
2

In radians

Example 22

The diagram shows a sector of a circle, with centre O and a radius of 4 A

cm. The length of the arc AB is 5 cm. Find: [CLO 3] 4 cm
a)  AOB in degrees,
O 5 cm
b) the area of the shaded segment.

Solution: B
b) Length of the arc AB = 5 cm a) Area of the shaded segment
s = rθ
= r 2 (  − sin  )
1
In degrees
5 = 4θ 2
5
= ( 4 ) 2 ( 1.25 − sin 71.62 )
=θ 1
4 2
5 In radians
θ = = 1.25 rad.
4
=
1
( 4 ) 2 ( 1.25 − 0.9490 )
2
Thus,  AOB = 2.41 cm2
180
= 1.25 ×

= 71.62°

Calculus and Algebra

7 Chapter 2 − Geometry
Example 23

The diagram shows a semicircle ABC, Solution:

with centre O and a radius of 6 cm.
Calculate the area of the shaded
segment. [CLO 3]
B

5
 rad.
6
A C
O 6 cm
Ans: 0.425 cm2

Example 24 Example 25

The diagram shows a circle of radius 9 cm. The diagram shows a circle of radius 8 cm.
The arc EFG subtends an angle of 100° at The arc EFG subtends an angle of 120° at
the centre O. Calculate the area of the the centre O. Calculate the area of the
shaded segment. [CLO 3] E shaded segment. [CLO 3]
9 cm
Solution: Solution: O
O 100° F 8 cm
120°
Area of sector OEFG
E G
  
= ( 9 ) 2  100 
1 G
 F
2  180 
2
= 70.67 cm

By using Sine, Cosine, Tangent function,

E ME
sin 50° =
9 cm 9
ME = 9 × sin 50° = 6.894 cm
50°
O M
MO
cos 50° =
9
G MO = 9 × cos 50° = 5.785 cm

1
Area of OEG =  base  height
2
1
= (2  6.894 )(5.785)
2
= 39.88 cm2

Area of the shaded segment

= 70.67 − 39.88
= 30.79 cm2
Ans: 39.30 cm2

Smart Facts…
Right-Angled Sine, Cosine, Tangent Function
Triangle
Sine Function: Cosine Function: Tangent Function:
opposite adjacent opposite
sin(θ) = cos(θ) = tan(θ) =
hypotenuse hypotenuse adjacent

soh… …cah… …toa

Calculus and Algebra

8 Chapter 2 − Geometry
 Self Assess 2.1

1. Convert each of the following angles 6. The diagram shows a quadrant, with
from degrees to radians. centre O and a radius of 3 cm. Given that
a) 53.6° the length of the arc AM is 2 cm, find:
b) 126.4° a)  AOM in radians,
c) 93° 22’ b) The perimeter of the shaded region.
d) 176° 48’
A 2 cm
M
2. Convert each of the following angles
from radians to degrees. 3 cm
a) 0.3517 rad.
b) 0.8142 rad.
7
c)  rad. O B
12
27
d)  rad. 7. The diagram shows a circle RSTU, with
5
centre O and a radius of 5 cm. Given that
the reflex angle ROT is 5 radians, find:
3. In the diagram, the length of the arc AB is a) The acute angle ROT in
2 times that OA. Given that OP = 5 cm, i) Radians,
calculate the length of the major arc PQR. ii) Degrees,
b) The perimeter of the shaded region.
R
A B 5 cm
U 5 rad. O S
P 5 cm R
O T

4. The diagram shows a sector OCB of

radius 12 cm and the length of the arc CB
= 4.8 cm. Find: 8. The diagram shows two sectors AOB and
a)  COB in degrees, COD with centre O. It is given that the
b) The perimeter of the shaded region. radius OA and OD are 4 cm and 6 cm
respectively. If  AOB = 53°, calculate
C the perimeter of the shaded region.
D
B
6 cm
12 cm 4.8 cm
O 53 °
O
A B 4 cm
A
C
5. A circle of radius 9 cm has a chord which
subtends an angle of 76° at the centre of
the circle. Calculate the perimeter of the 9. In the following questions, θ and A
segment. represent the angle and area of a sector
of a circle respectively. Find the radius of
each of the circles.
a) A = 36 cm2, θ = 0.6 rad.
b) A = 11.8 cm2, θ = 250°
c) A = 100 cm2, θ = 0.75π rad.

Calculus and Algebra

9 Chapter 2 − Geometry
10. In the following questions, r and A 13. The diagram shows a circle, with centre
represent the radius and area of a sector O. PN is a tangents to the circle at P. OPQ
of a circle respectively. Find the angle of is a sector of radius 5 cm and its area is
the sector, in radians, for each of the 15 cm2. Find:
circles.
a) A = 54 cm2, r = 7 cm
b) A = 124 cm2, r = 12.5 cm
c) A = 98 cm2, r = 5.6 cm O
Q
5 cm θ
11. Find the area of the shaded region of
each of the following circles. P N
a) a) The angle, θ in
i) Radians,
ii) Degrees,
O b) The length of PN,
c) The area of the shaded region.
8 cm
65°

b)
1.2
rad.
2.5 cm
O

c)

O
6 cm
128°

12. An arc XY subtends an angle of 105° at

the centre of a circle with radius 2.5 cm
as shown in the diagram. Calculate:
a) The length of the arc XY,
b) The length of the chord XY,
c) The perimeter of the minor segment
XY,
d) The area of the minor segment XY.

O
2.5 cm
X Y

105°

Calculus and Algebra

10 Chapter 2 − Geometry
 2.1 Apply Pythagoras Theorem

2.1.3 Identify Types of Triangles

1. A triangle has three sides and three angles.
2. The three angles always add to 180°.
3. There are three special names given to triangles that tell how many sides (or angles) are equal.

60°
• Three equal sides
Equilateral Triangle
• Three equal angles (always 60°)
60° 60°

• Two equal sides

Isosceles Triangle
• Two equal angles
a a

• No equal sides
Scalene Triangle
• No equal angles

4. Triangles also have names that tell what type of angle is inside:

Acute Triangle All angles are less than 90°

< 90°

Right Triangle Has a right angle (90°)

90°

Obtuse Triangle Has an angle more than 90°

> 90°

Calculus and Algebra

11 Chapter 2 − Geometry
 2.1.3 Calculate the Sides of Right-Angle Triangle using Pythagoras Theorem
1. In a right-angled triangle, the square of the hypotenuse is equal to the sum of the squares of the
other two sides.
2. It is called Pythagoras Theorem and can be written in one short equation:

a2+ b2= c2

a c
a2 + b2 = c2
b

Note:
Smart Facts…
It only works on right-angled triangles!
• c is the longest side of
the triangle
• a and b are the other two
sides

Example 26 Example 27

The diagram shows a The diagram shows a right angle triangle. Find
right angle triangle. c the value of a.
7 11
Find the value of c. [CLO 1]
[CLO 1] a
24 16
Solution: Solution:

a2 + b2 = c2 a2 + b2 = c2
242 + 72 = c2 a2 + 112 = 162
625 = c2 a2 = 162− 112
c2 = 625 a2 = 135
c = 625 a = 135
= 25 = 11.62

Example 28 Example 29

What is the length of 12 What is the length of the diagonal of a

the side x? rectangle of length 3 and width 2?
[CLO 1] 6 x [CLO 1]
? 2
Solution: Solution:
8
3

Calculus and Algebra

12 Chapter 2 − Geometry
2.1.4 Solve Problems using Pythagoras Theorem

Example 30 Example 31

In diagram, O is the centre of the circle. MPN A ladder is leaning against the side of a 10 m
and POQ are straight lines. The length of PO is house. If the base of the ladder is 3 m away
6 cm and the length of M from the house, how tall is the ladder?
POQ is 16 cm. Calculate [CLO 3]
The length, in cm,
P Q Solution:
of MPN. [CLO 3] O
First, sketch the figure. x 10 m
Solution: N
Then, by using
Length of OM = 16 − 6 = 10 cm Pythagoras Theorem, 3m
the length of the ladder
By using Pythagoras Theorem, x2 = 102 + 32
MP2 + PO2 = OM2 = 109
MP2 + 62 = 102 x = 109
MP2 = 102− 62
= 10.44 cm
MP2 = 64
MP = 64 = 8 cm

Since MP = PN, thus the length of MPN is

= 2 (8)
= 16 cm

Example 32 Example 33
Question 1 (b), Session June 2012

In diagram, O and P are the centres of two Figure below shows a view of a terrace house
circles. ORPT is a straight line and from one side. Find the highest height of the
perpendicular to QRS. Given that OQ = 10 cm house from its base. (Assuming the house is in
and QRS = 16 cm. Calculate the length, in cm, symmetry).
7m
of ORPT. [CLO 3] Q [CLO 3]

5m
Solution: T P R O
Solution: 10 m

Calculus and Algebra

13 Chapter 2 − Geometry
 Example 34 Example 35

In diagram, ABCD is a rectangle and CDE is a A 3 m ladder stands on horizontal ground and
straight line. Find the length of AB. [CLO 3] reaches 2.8 m up a vertical wall. How far is the
foot of the ladder from the base of the wall?
A B [CLO 3]

10 cm Solution:
6 cm

E D C
15 cm
Solution:

Self Assess 2.1

1. Find the value of x in each of the following 2. The length of one side of a square is 8 cm.
diagrams. Find the length of its diagonal.
a) T
6 cm 3. A ladder which is 4.5 m long is placed
P against a wall. Its foot is 3 m from the
base of the wall. How far up the wall does
S
8 cm the ladder reach?
x
4. Given that PTUV is a rhombus, QRST is a
R
Q 12 cm square and UTQ and PQR are straight
lines. Calculate the perimeter, in cm, of
b) C the whole diagram.
U
x
15 cm V
B
T S
5 cm
5 cm
D 12 cm A
P R
12 cm Q

c) S 5. Find the value of x in each of the following

diagrams. R
3 cm
T 25 cm a)
5 cm 61 cm 5 cm
P R P
3 cm Q x Q
x

Calculus and Algebra

14 Chapter 2 − Geometry
 b) 7. In the diagram, PQRS is a rectangle. If the
diagonal of the rectangle is 25 cm, find its
8 cm area in cm2.
x
24 cm
S R
7 cm

6. In the diagram, PWUV and RSTW are P Q

squares. If the area of RSTW is 36 cm2,
find the area of PWUV in cm2. 8. If the sides of a triangle are x, (2x − 1) and
T S its hypotenuse is (2x + 1), calculate the
V U value of x.

P R
W
6 cm
8 cm
Q

2.2 Determine Surface Area and Volume for Three Dimensional Shape

2.2.2 Calculate the Surface Area of Three Dimensional Shape

1. Area is a measure of the amount of surface covered.

2. The units of area include square millimetre (mm2), square centimetre (cm2), square metre (m2),
square kilometre (km2) and hectare (ha).
3. Different shape of figure has different way to find its area.
4. The table below shows the surface area of different three-dimensional shapes:

2.2.3 Calculate the Volume of Three Dimensional Shape

1. Geometric solids are three-dimensional shapes that have length, width and height. For example,
cube, cuboid, cylinder, pyramid, cone and sphere.
2. Volume is a measure of the amount of three-dimensional shape occupied.
3. The units of volume include cubic millimetre (mm3), cubic centimetre (cm3), cubic metre (m3) and
cubic kilometre (km3).
4. The table below shows the volume of different three-dimensional shapes:

Sphere

𝐴 = 4𝜋𝑟 2
r 4 3
V= πr
3

Calculus and Algebra

15 Chapter 2 − Geometry
Hemisphere

𝐴 = 3𝜋𝑟 2
2 3
V= πr
r 3

Cylinder

𝐴 = 2𝜋𝑟ℎ + 2𝜋𝑟 2
h
V = πr2 h
r

Cube a

a 𝐴 = 6𝑥 2
V =𝑥3

Rectangular
l
prism/
Cuboid
𝐴 = 2(𝑤ℎ + 𝑙𝑤 + 𝑙ℎ)
h
V = hwl

Triangular
prism
𝐴 = 𝑐ℎ + 𝑐𝑑 + 2𝑠𝑑
1
𝑉 = × 𝑐ℎ × 𝑑
2

Pyramid

h s 𝐴 = 𝑤𝑙 + 2𝑤𝑠
s 1
V= hwl
w 3
l

Circular cone

𝐴 = 𝜋𝑟𝑠 + 𝜋𝑟 2
s h 1 2
V= πr h
3
r

Calculus and Algebra

16 Chapter 2 − Geometry
Example 36 Example 38

Diagram shows a cuboid. Given that the Diagram shows a composite solid of a cylinder
volume of the cuboid is 204 cm3, and a hemisphere. Given that the diameter
find the value of h. and the volume of the solid are 12 cm and
[CLO 1] 864π cm3 respectively. Calculate the length x,
in cm, of the solid.
h [CLO 3]
4 cm
Solution:
6 cm Solution: x cm
3
V = 204 cm
hwl = 204 12
Diameter = 12 cm, so radius, r = = 6 cm.
h (4)(6) = 204 2
204 Volume of hemisphere,
h =
(4 )(6 ) 3
Vh = π (6)3
= 8.5 cm 2
= 1017.88 cm3

Example 37 Volume of cylinder,

Vc = 864π – 1017.88
Diagram shows a net of a = 1696.46 cm3
cone. Calculate the 10 cm
volume, in cm3, of the Since Vc = 1696.46 cm3
2
thus, πr h = 1695.46
cone. [CLO 3]
6 cm π (6)2 h = 1696.46
Solution: 1696.46
h =
36 
Find the height,h of the cone first. = 15 cm
10 cm
h = (10 )2 − (6 )2 h
 Length of x = h + r
= 8 cm
= 15 + 6
6 cm
= 21 cm
Pythagoras
 Volume of the cone,
Theorem
1
V = π (6)2 (8)
3 a= (c )2 − (b)2
= 301.59 cm3

Example 39

Given below is a cuboid having its dimension given as length = 8 cm, width = 6 cm and height = 5
cm, find the total surface area of a cuboid.

Calculus and Algebra

17 Chapter 2 − Geometry
Example 40 Example 42

Diagram shows a cuboid and PQRS is a square. Diagram shows a block which is a bottom part
Given that the volume of the cuboid is 144 of the square-based pyramid. The height of
cm3, find the length of the pyramid is 12 cm and the volume of the
PQ. [CLO 1] block is 228 cm3.
Calculate the
R 9 cm value of h, in cm.
Solution: S
[CLO 3]
P Q
Solution:

Example 41

Diagram shows a net of a

pyramid. Calculate the
volume, in cm3, of the
pyramid. [CLO 3] 6 cm
Solution: 8 cm
13 cm

Example 71
Question 1 (c), Session June 2012
An ice-cream shop buys a Solution:
cylindrical tub of ice-cream that
has a diameter of 300 mm and
1.3 m deep. [CLO 3]

a) Determine the volume of the

cylindrical tub.

b) How many spherical scoops of

ice-cream with 500 mm
diameter could they get from
the tub?

Calculus and Algebra

18 Chapter 2 − Geometry
 Self Assess 2.2

1. In diagram, RST is an isosceles triangle 5. Find the volume, in cm3, of orange juice in
and XYZ is a semicircle with centre O. SYO the cylindrical container as shown.
and RXOZT are straight lines. Given that
OR = OS = 12 cm. Calculate the area, in
cm2, of the shaded region.
S 12 cm

Y 10 cm

R T 6. Solve each of the following.

X O 7 cm Z a) The volume of a right circular cylinder
of diameter 8 cm is 3016.32 cm3. Find
the height of the right circular
2. Diagram shows a cuboid with a volume of cylinder.
96 cm3. Calculate the value of x. b) The volume of a right circular cylinder
is 7605.71 m3. Calculate the base
radius if its height is 20 m.
2x cm

7. Diagram shows a rectangular container P

4 cm containing some water and an empty
3x cm cylindrical container Q. If all the water in
3. Diagram shows a rectangular container. If container P is poured into container Q,
5100 cm3 of water is poured into the calculate the height of the water in
container, what is the height of the water container Q.
level in the container?

78.55 cm
30 cm 20 cm
40 cm
15 cm 100 cm

20 cm

8. Find the area of base of the pyramid with

4. Diagram shows a combined solid of a a volume of 378 cm3 and a height of 14
cuboid and a right pyramid. Given that the cm.
height of the right pyramid is 5.5 cm.
Calculate the volume, in cm3, of the solid.
9. Find the height of a right circular cone of
volume 565.56 cm3 and a base radius of 6
cm.

6 cm

3 cm
4 cm
Calculus and Algebra
19 Chapter 2 − Geometry
10. A cone is divided into two parts, P and Q, 15. The following diagram shows a solid
as shown in the diagram. that consists of a cone and a cylinder.
a) Find the height of part P. Find the total surface area of the solid.
b) Calculate the volume of part Q.
Q
P
10 cm 16 cm

12 cm 36 cm

11. Find the volume of the composite solid as

shown below.
16. Calculate the surface area, in cm2, of a
3m
sphere with radius 2.8 cm.
22
(Use π = 7 )
9m
17. The volume of a cylinder is 50.28575
cm3. If the height of the cylinder is
twice its base radius, find its height, in
12. A lead cylinder is melted and recast to cm.
form a solid sphere as shown. Find the
radius of the sphere. 18. In the diagram below, ABC is the
3 cm cross-section of a right prism ABCDEF.
Calculate the total surface area of the
prism.
10 cm

13.

19. In the diagram below, a cuboid is

filled with 1 440 cubic centimetres of
water. Find the value of h.

14. The following diagram shows a prism

ABCDEFGH with cross-section ABCD.
Calculate the volume of the prism, in
cm3.

Calculus and Algebra

20 Chapter 2 − Geometry