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Climate Change Notes

Climate change is defined as long-term changes in the Earth's climate system, driven by both natural factors and human activities such as fossil fuel burning and deforestation. Its effects include rising sea levels, extreme weather events, and species extinction, while mitigation and adaptation strategies involve reducing greenhouse gas emissions and building resilient infrastructure. International agreements like the Kyoto Protocol and Paris Agreement aim to address climate change on a global scale.

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18 views3 pages

Climate Change Notes

Climate change is defined as long-term changes in the Earth's climate system, driven by both natural factors and human activities such as fossil fuel burning and deforestation. Its effects include rising sea levels, extreme weather events, and species extinction, while mitigation and adaptation strategies involve reducing greenhouse gas emissions and building resilient infrastructure. International agreements like the Kyoto Protocol and Paris Agreement aim to address climate change on a global scale.

Uploaded by

fanathehatred
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© © All Rights Reserved
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Climate Change Notes

1. Definition of Climate Change

Climate change refers to long-term alterations in temperature, precipitation, wind patterns, and other

elements of the Earth's climate system. It can be caused by natural factors and human activities.

2. Causes of Climate Change

- Natural Causes:

- Volcanic eruptions

- Ocean current changes

- Solar radiation variations

- Human Causes (Anthropogenic):

- Burning of fossil fuels (coal, oil, natural gas)

- Deforestation

- Industrial emissions

- Agriculture (methane from livestock)

- Land use changes

3. Greenhouse Effect

- Natural process that warms the Earth's surface.

- Greenhouse gases (GHGs) trap heat in the atmosphere.

- Key GHGs: Carbon dioxide (CO2), Methane (CH4), Nitrous oxide (N2O), Water vapor, Ozone (O3)

4. Global Warming

- A significant aspect of climate change.

- Refers to the rise in global average temperatures due to increased GHG concentrations.
5. Effects of Climate Change

- Rising sea levels

- Melting polar ice and glaciers

- More extreme weather events (storms, droughts, heatwaves)

- Ocean acidification

- Habitat loss and species extinction

- Agricultural impact (crop failure, food insecurity)

6. Evidence of Climate Change

- Temperature records

- Satellite imagery

- Ice core samples

- Glacial retreat

- Changes in animal migration and flowering seasons

7. Mitigation Strategies

- Reducing GHG emissions

- Renewable energy use (solar, wind, hydro)

- Energy efficiency

- Reforestation and afforestation

- Sustainable agriculture

- Carbon capture and storage (CCS)

8. Adaptation Strategies

- Building climate-resilient infrastructure

- Early warning systems

- Drought-resistant crops
- Improved water management

- Coastal defenses

9. International Agreements

- Kyoto Protocol (1997): First international treaty to reduce GHG emissions.

- Paris Agreement (2015): Aims to limit global warming to well below 2°C above pre-industrial levels.

10. Role of Individuals

- Reduce, reuse, recycle

- Use public transport or cycle

- Conserve electricity and water

- Support sustainable practices and policies

- Raise awareness about climate change

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