I.
Probability of Mutually Exclusive and Not Mutually Exclusive Events (10
items)
1. A die is rolled once. What is the probability of getting either a 3 or a 5?
2. A card is drawn from a standard deck of 52 cards. What is the probability of drawing
either a spade or a diamond?
3. A bag contains 5 blue, 6 red, and 4 yellow balls. What is the probability of randomly
selecting either a blue or a red ball?
4. A spinner has 8 equal sections numbered from 1 to 8. What is the probability of spinning
either a multiple of 3 or an odd number?
5. A class has 20 students who like math, 18 students who like science, and 6 who like both
subjects. If a student is chosen randomly, what is the probability that they like either math
or science?
6. A raffle draw offers a 20% chance of winning a gift card and a 15% chance of winning
a gadget. If the events are mutually exclusive, what is the probability of winning at least
one prize?
7. A dice is rolled. What is the probability of rolling either a prime number or a number
greater than 4?
8. A deck of 52 cards is shuffled. What is the probability of drawing either a king or a face
card?
9. A student randomly selects a subject to study. There is a 35% chance of choosing
English and a 50% chance of choosing Math, with a 15% overlap. What is the
probability of choosing either English or Math?
10. A fair coin is tossed twice. What is the probability of getting at least one head?
II. Probability of Independent and Dependent Events (10 items)
11. A coin is flipped, and a die is rolled. What is the probability of getting heads and rolling a
number less than 4?
12. A box contains 8 red and 5 blue marbles. If a marble is drawn, replaced, and another is
drawn, what is the probability of drawing two blue marbles?
13. A school has 200 students. If 60% are girls, what is the probability of randomly
selecting a girl twice in a row, assuming replacement?
14. A deck of 52 cards is shuffled. What is the probability of drawing an ace followed by a
king if the first card is not replaced?
15. A jar contains 7 green and 5 yellow balls. If two balls are drawn one after the other
without replacement, what is the probability of drawing a green ball followed by a yellow
ball?
16. A store has 15 tablets, 3 of which are defective. If two tablets are randomly selected
without replacement, what is the probability that both are defective?
17. A school club has 12 boys and 18 girls. If two members are randomly selected without
replacement, what is the probability that both are girls?
18. A dice is rolled twice. What is the probability of rolling an even number on the first roll
and an odd number on the second roll?
19. In a lottery, the probability of winning a prize is 1/30. If two tickets are bought
separately, what is the probability of winning at least once?
20. A family has two children. What is the probability that both are boys if the probability of
having a boy is 1/2?
III. Conditional Probability (10 items)
21. A school has 300 students, 150 of whom are in the math club. If 50 of them are also in
the science club, what is the probability that a randomly chosen math club member is
also in the science club?
22. A deck of 52 cards is shuffled. What is the probability of drawing a heart, given that the
first card drawn was a red card?
23. In a class of 50 students, 30 passed a test. If 18 of those who passed are girls, what is
the probability that a randomly selected student is a girl given that they passed?
24. A company has 200 workers, 120 of whom are female. If 80% of female workers have
health insurance, what is the probability that a randomly chosen female worker has health
insurance?
25. A bag contains 4 white, 3 blue, and 6 red balls. If a ball is drawn and found to be white,
what is the probability that another randomly drawn ball is also white (without
replacement)?
26. The probability that a student studies is 0.7, and the probability that they pass given that
they studied is 0.9. What is the probability that a randomly chosen student passes?
27. The probability that a person exercises regularly is 0.6, and the probability of
maintaining a healthy weight given that they exercise is 0.8. What is the probability
that a randomly chosen person maintains a healthy weight?
28. In a class, 70% of students do homework regularly, and 85% of those who do
homework regularly pass exams. What is the probability that a randomly selected
student passes the exam?
29. The probability of rain on a given day is 0.4, and if it rains, the probability of a traffic
jam is 0.7. What is the probability of both rain and a traffic jam occurring?
30. A 500-student school has 300 students taking math and 200 taking science. If 150
students take both subjects, what is the probability that a student takes science given
that they already take math?
I. Probability of Mutually Exclusive and Not Mutually Exclusive Events
1. P(3 or 5)=1/6+1/6=2/6=1/3P(3 \text{ or } 5) = 1/6 + 1/6 = 2/6 =
1/3P(3 or 5)=1/6+1/6=2/6=1/3
Answer: 33.33%, 1/3
2. P(S or D)=13/52+13/52=26/52=1/2P(S \text{ or } D) = 13/52 + 13/52 = 26/52 =
1/2P(S or D)=13/52+13/52=26/52=1/2
Answer: 50%, 1/2
3. P(B or R)=5/15+6/15=11/15P(B \text{ or } R) = 5/15 + 6/15 =
11/15P(B or R)=5/15+6/15=11/15
Answer: 73.33%, 11/15
4. P(M3 or O)=2/8+4/8−1/8=5/8P(M_3 \text{ or } O) = 2/8 + 4/8 - 1/8 =
5/8P(M3 or O)=2/8+4/8−1/8=5/8
Answer: 62.5%, 5/8
5. P(M or S)=20/40+18/40−6/40=32/40=4/5P(M \text{ or } S) = 20/40 + 18/40 - 6/40 =
32/40 = 4/5P(M or S)=20/40+18/40−6/40=32/40=4/5
Answer: 80%, 4/5
6. P(G or C)=20/100+15/100=35/100=7/20P(G \text{ or } C) = 20/100 + 15/100 = 35/100 =
7/20P(G or C)=20/100+15/100=35/100=7/20
Answer: 35%, 7/20
7. P(P or >4)=3/6+2/6−1/6=4/6=2/3P(P \text{ or } >4) = 3/6 + 2/6 - 1/6 = 4/6 =
2/3P(P or >4)=3/6+2/6−1/6=4/6=2/3
Answer: 66.67%, 2/3
8. P(K or F)=4/52+12/52=16/52=4/13P(K \text{ or } F) = 4/52 + 12/52 = 16/52 =
4/13P(K or F)=4/52+12/52=16/52=4/13
Answer: 30.77%, 4/13
9. P(E or M)=35/100+50/100−15/100=70/100=7/10P(E \text{ or } M) = 35/100 + 50/100 -
15/100 = 70/100 = 7/10P(E or M)=35/100+50/100−15/100=70/100=7/10
Answer: 70%, 7/10
10. P(At least one H)=3/4P(\text{At least one H}) = 3/4P(At least one H)=3/4
Answer: 75%, 3/4
II. Probability of Independent and Dependent Events
11. P(H and <4)=1/2×3/6=3/12=1/4P(H \text{ and } <4) = 1/2 \times 3/6 = 3/12 =
1/4P(H and <4)=1/2×3/6=3/12=1/4
Answer: 25%, 1/4
12. P(B then B)=5/13×5/13=25/169P(B \text{ then } B) = 5/13 \times 5/13 =
25/169P(B then B)=5/13×5/13=25/169
Answer: 14.79%, 25/169
13. P(G then G)=60/100×60/100=36/100=9/25P(G \text{ then } G) = 60/100 \times 60/100 =
36/100 = 9/25P(G then G)=60/100×60/100=36/100=9/25
Answer: 36%, 9/25
14. P(A then K)=4/52×4/51=16/2652=4/663P(A \text{ then } K) = 4/52 \times 4/51 =
16/2652 = 4/663P(A then K)=4/52×4/51=16/2652=4/663
Answer: 0.6%, 4/663
15. P(G then Y)=7/12×5/11=35/132P(G \text{ then } Y) = 7/12 \times 5/11 =
35/132P(G then Y)=7/12×5/11=35/132
Answer: 26.52%, 35/132
16. P(D then D)=3/15×2/14=6/210=1/35P(D \text{ then } D) = 3/15 \times 2/14 = 6/210 =
1/35P(D then D)=3/15×2/14=6/210=1/35
Answer: 2.86%, 1/35
17. P(G then G)=18/30×17/29=306/870=51/145P(G \text{ then } G) = 18/30 \times 17/29 =
306/870 = 51/145P(G then G)=18/30×17/29=306/870=51/145
Answer: 35.17%, 51/145
18. P(E then O)=3/6×3/6=9/36=1/4P(E \text{ then } O) = 3/6 \times 3/6 = 9/36 =
1/4P(E then O)=3/6×3/6=9/36=1/4
Answer: 25%, 1/4
19. P(W at least once)=1−(29/30×29/30)=1−841/900=59/900P(W \text{ at least once}) = 1 -
(29/30 \times 29/30) = 1 - 841/900 =
59/900P(W at least once)=1−(29/30×29/30)=1−841/900=59/900
Answer: 6.56%, 59/900
20. P(B and B)=1/2×1/2=1/4P(B \text{ and } B) = 1/2 \times 1/2 =
1/4P(B and B)=1/2×1/2=1/4
Answer: 25%, 1/4
III. Conditional Probability
21. P(S∣M)=50/150=1/3P(S | M) = 50/150 = 1/3P(S∣M)=50/150=1/3
Answer: 33.33%, 1/3
22. P(H∣R)=13/26=1/2P(H | R) = 13/26 = 1/2P(H∣R)=13/26=1/2
Answer: 50%, 1/2
23. P(G∣P)=18/30=3/5P(G | P) = 18/30 = 3/5P(G∣P)=18/30=3/5
Answer: 60%, 3/5
24. P(H∣F)=80/120=2/3P(H | F) = 80/120 = 2/3P(H∣F)=80/120=2/3
Answer: 66.67%, 2/3
25. P(W∣W)=4/12=1/3P(W | W) = 4/12 = 1/3P(W∣W)=4/12=1/3
Answer: 33.33%, 1/3
26. P(P)=0.7×0.9=0.63=63/100P(P) = 0.7 \times 0.9 = 0.63 =
63/100P(P)=0.7×0.9=0.63=63/100
Answer: 63%, 63/100
27. P(HW)=0.6×0.8=0.48=48/100=12/25P(HW) = 0.6 \times 0.8 = 0.48 = 48/100 =
12/25P(HW)=0.6×0.8=0.48=48/100=12/25
Answer: 48%, 12/25
28. P(P)=0.7×0.85=0.595=119/200P(P) = 0.7 \times 0.85 = 0.595 =
119/200P(P)=0.7×0.85=0.595=119/200
Answer: 59.5%, 119/200
29. P(R and J)=0.4×0.7=0.28=28/100=7/25P(R \text{ and } J) = 0.4 \times 0.7 = 0.28 =
28/100 = 7/25P(R and J)=0.4×0.7=0.28=28/100=7/25
Answer: 28%, 7/25
30. P(S∣M)=150/300=1/2P(S | M) = 150/300 = 1/2P(S∣M)=150/300=1/2
Answer: 50%, 1/2
