LAB REPORT ON IMPACT
MATERIALS ENGINEERING LAB 1
MTRE 1101
17TH APRIL 2025
DR NORHUDA HIDAYAH BINTI NORDIN
NO NAME MATRIC NO
1 Muhammad Atief Haikal Bin Ilias 2412105
2 Muhammad Harraz Iskandar Bin Kamal Azizu 2410511
3 Muhammad Haris Bin Mohd Radzi 2414059
1.0 INTRODUCTION
1.1 IMPACT TESTING
Impact testing evaluates a material's toughness, which is its ability to absorb energy
during fracture under sudden loading. The Charpy V-notch test is a standard method
where a notched specimen is struck by a pendulum, and the energy absorbed during
fracture is measured. This test helps determine the ductile-to-brittle transition behavior of
materials, especially at different temperatures.
2.0 OBJECTIVE
1.To conduct Charpy V-notch impact tests on mild steel and aluminum.
2.To analyze the ductile-to-brittle transition behavior of the materials at different
temperatures.
3.0 MATERIALS AND EQUIPMENT
Materials : Mild Steel and Aluminium specimens
Equipment :
● Charpy Impact Testing Machine
● PPE (Safety Goggles)
4.0 PROCEDURE
1. The V-notched specimen was placed securely in the anvil assembly.
2. The pendulum was rested lightly against the specimen, and the pointer and pusher
arm were set to full scale (170 J).
3. The pendulum was carefully pulled back and latched in place.
4. The pointer was set at the maximum dial value of the selected range.
5. The stop pin was moved from Hole 1 to Hole 2 to prevent premature brake
application.
6. The pendulum was released by moving the operating lever from the latch to the
release position.
7. The absorbed energy value was read directly from the dial after the pendulum’s
swing.
8. The pendulum was allowed to stop naturally, and the apparatus was reset for
subsequent tests.
9. The procedure was repeated for specimens at different temperature conditions
(room temperature, high temperature, and low temperature).
10.The fracture surfaces were examined and sketched for post-test analysis.
5.0 RESULT
5.1 IMPACT TEST RESULT
Mild Steel Aluminium
Room Temperature 54 28
Hot (200 C) 62 (should be low) 26
Cold (-17 C) 60 30.5
5.2 PHOTOGRAPHS OF FRACTURE SURFACES
● Mild Steel at Room Temperature
● Mild Steel at High Temperature (200°C)
● Mild Steel at Low Temperature (-17°C)
● Aluminum at Room Temperature
● Aluminum at High Temperature (-200°C)
● Aluminum at Low Temperature (-17°C)
6.0 DISCUSSIONS
1. Why is it the result for mild steel at 200 C should be very low
i)Specimen might not be uniformly at 200 C temperature
ii)Some steel shows “blue brittleness” effect around 200-300 C where strength
increase but ductility decrease
iii)Possible testing error or misconducted equipment
2. Mild Steel showed a ductile to brittle transition :
i)At high temperature , it absorbs more energy meaning that it is ductile fracture
ii)At low temperature , it became brittle , absorbing less energy
3. Aluminium
Aluminium remained ductile at all temperatures but showed slight brittleness at
-17 C
4. Analysis
Fracture Surface analysis confirmed ductile (fibrous) vs brittle (granular) failure
7.0 CONCLUSIONS
The Charpy Impact Test successfully illustrated the different behaviors of mild steel and
aluminium under different conditions of temperature. Mild steel was particularly shown
to display a sharp ductile-to-brittle transition as the temperature lowered, reflecting a
marked loss of toughness and a heightened susceptibility towards brittle fracture at lower
temperatures. On the other hand, aluminium was consistently ductile throughout the
tested temperatures and displayed minimal to zero signs of a brittle transition. These
results reinforce the key role of temperature on the mechanical characteristics of
materials and especially on the property of toughness and the need for the consideration
of the conditions of use while designing the materials for engineering purposes.
8.0 ISLAMIC REFLECTION
The Charpy Impact Test and the Strength of a Believer
The Charpy impact test demonstrates how various materials respond under sudden load
whether they hold together and absorb the impact (ductile) or are easily broken (brittle).
This reminds us of the Islamic guidance on how a Muslim should conduct himself under
trials and tribulations. The Prophet Muhammad ﷺstated:
"The strong believer is preferable and more pleasing to Allah than a weak
believer, although there is good in both of them."
(Sahih Muslim)
A firm believer is like a flexible material: capable of enduring the shocks of this world
(adversities, tests) without being broken — remaining patient (sabr) and having hope
(tawakkal). Adversities and unexpected tragedies, like the impact test, reveal the true
strength of a person’s faith and character.
Moreover, the Qur'an reminds us:
"Indeed, with hardship comes ease."
(Surah Ash-Sharh 94:6)
Just like materials that rebound after impact while restoring a certain form to themselves,
believers who trust Allah rebound after tribulations, stronger, wiser, and more resilient.
