CONGRUENT TRIANGLES - 7 ASSIGNMENT 1
CONGRUENT TRIANGLES - 7
1. Prove that in any quadrilateral, the midpoints of the sides form the vertices of a parallelogram.
2. Suppose the straight line AB is bisected at C and the perpendiculars AX, BY, CZ are drawn to any
straight line OP. Prove that
(i) If A, B are on the same side of OP, then 2CZ = AX + BY
(ii) If A, B are on the opposite sides of OP, then 2CZ = difference of AX and BY
3. Let X be the midpoint of the side AB of ABC. Let Y be the midpoint of CX. Let BY cut AC at Z,
Prove that AZ = 2ZC.
4. Prove that the mid-point of the hypotenuse of a right angled triangle is equidistant from all its
vertices.
5. (CHINA/1997) ABCD is a quadrilateral with AD || BC. If the angle bisector of DAB intersects CD
at E, and BE bisects ABC, prove that AB = AD + BC.
6. Let ABCD is a parallelogram. X is mid-point of AB. DX intersect AC at Y. Prove that AC=3AY.
7. 3AY = ACIn the figure, AD and BE are medians and BE || DF. Which of the following is correct?
1 1 1 1
(a) CF = 2 AC (b) CF = 8 AC (c) CF = 4 AC (d) CF = 6 AC
8. Let A, B, C be an acute angled triangle in which, D, E, F are points on BC, CA, AB
respectively, such that AD ⊥ BC, AE = EC, CF bisects ∠C internally. Suppose CF meets AD and DE
CONGRUENT TRIANGLES - 7 2
in M and N respectively. If FM = 2, MN = 1, NC = 3, show that the perimeter and area of this
triangle are equal numerically.
CONGRUENT TRIANGLES - 7 3
Answers Key
7. c
CONGRUENT TRIANGLES - 7 4
SOLUTIONS
1. Prove that in any quadrilateral, the midpoints of the sides form the vertices of a parallelogram.
Sol.
Let P,Q,R,S are midpoints of AB, BC, CD & AD respectively join AC
In ACD, R & S mid points
SR ||AC & SR = 1/2AC …(1)
In ABC
P & Q mid points
PQ || AC & PQ = 1/2 AC …(2)
From (1) & (2)
PQ || RS & PQ = RS
PQRS is a parallogram
2. Suppose the straight line AB is bisected at C and the perpendiculars AX, BY, CZ are drawn to any
straight line OP. Prove that
(i) If A, B are on the same side of OP, then 2CZ = AX + BY
(ii) If A, B are on the opposite sides of OP, then 2CZ = difference of AX and BY
Sol. (i) Clearly XA ||ZC || YB
Join AY, intersect ZC at M
CONGRUENT TRIANGLES - 7 5
ZM = 1/2 AX & CM = 1/2 BY [mid point then]
ZM + CM = 1/2 AX + 1/2BY
ZC = 1/2 (AX + BY) ⇒ 2ZC = AX + BY
(ii) Draw BZ’X’ || XYZ
In BAX’
C is mid pint & CZ’ || AX’
1
CZ ' = AX '
2
CZ+ ZZ’ =1/2 [AX + XX’]
CZ + BY = 1/2[AX + BY]
CZ = 1/2 [AX – BY]
3. Let X be the midpoint of the side AB of ABC. Let Y be the midpoint of CX. Let BY cut AC at Z,
Prove that AZ = 2ZC.
Sol.
Draw XM || BZ
In ABZ
X is mid point & XM || BZ
AM = MZ
In CXM
Y is mid point & YZ ||XM
MZ = ZC
AZ = 2ZC
CONGRUENT TRIANGLES - 7 6
4. Prove that the mid-point of the hypotenuse of a right angled triangle is equidistant from all its
vertices.
Sol: Given In ABC, ∠B = 90°, AD = DC
To prove: BD = 1/2 AC
Construction : Draw DE || CB
Proof In ABC, D is a mid-point of AC and DE || CB
By converse of mid-point theorem E is a mid-point of AB, i.e., AE = EB also ∠E = 90° DE ⊥
AB in ∆AED and BED
AE = BE (Proved above)
∠AED = ∠BED = 90°
ED = ED (Common)
By SAS congruence ∆AED ≅ ∆BED
AD = BD
but AD = CD
BD = AD = CD = 1/2 AC.
5. (CHINA/1997) ABCD is a quadrilateral with AD || BC. If the angle bisector of DAB intersects CD
at E, and BE bisects ABC, prove that AB = AD + BC.
Sol.
Draw EF || AD || BC
1 =5` [alt. interior]
CONGRUENT TRIANGLES - 7 7
2 = 5 [as 1 = 2]
AF = EF (1)
Similarly BF = EF (2)
AB = AF + BF = 2EF (3)
AF = FB
F is md pint of AB
E is mid point of CD (equal intercept theorem)
In trapezium of ABCD
1
EF = AD + BC
2
AB = AD + BC
6. Let ABCD is a parallelogram. X is mid-point of AB. DX intersect AC at Y. Prove that AC=3AY.
Sol.
Draw BP ||DX
DPXB is parallelogram
In ABZ
X is mid point & XY || BZ
Y is mid point
AY = YZ
Similarly in CDY
CZ = YZ
3AY = AC
7. In the figure, AD and BE are medians and BE || DF. Which of the following is correct?
CONGRUENT TRIANGLES - 7 8
1 1 1 1
(a) CF = 2 AC (b) CF = 8 AC (c) CF = 4 AC (d) CF = 6 AC
Ans: (c)
Sol:
In BEC , BE || DF and D is the mid-point of BC.
SO F is the mid-point of CE. Hence
1
CF = CE
2
As, BE is the median, E is the mid-point of AC.
11 1
CE = AC = AC
22 4
8. Let A, B, C be an acute angled triangle in which, D, E, F are points on BC, CA, AB
respectively, such that AD ⊥ BC, AE = EC, CF bisects ∠C internally. Suppose CF meets AD and DE
CONGRUENT TRIANGLES - 7 9
in M and N respectively. If FM = 2, MN = 1, NC = 3, show that the perimeter and area of this
triangle are equal numerically.
Sol: FN = FM + MN = 2 + 1 = 3 and NC = 3
FN = NC ⇒ N is the mid-point of CF.
Also E is the mid-point of AC
⇒ NE || AF (By mid-point theorem)
DE || AB and DE = ½ AB
BD = DC (by converse of mid-point theorem)
Thus, AD is both altitude and median to BC
∆ABC is isosceles ⇒ AB = AC (1)
AFM DNM
AM:MD = FM:MN = 2:1
M is the centroid of ABC.
CF is median as well as angle bisector of ABC
ABC is equilateral triangle.
Let the side of the equilateral triangle be ‘a’.
CF, being the altitude,
3
CF 6 a 6 a 4 3
2
Perimeter 3 4 3 12 3
Thus area and perimeter are equal numerically.
