MOTION
PHYSICS – Speed, velocity and acceleration
LEARNING OBJECTIVE
• Recall speed and calculate average speed
• Distinguish between speed and velocity
• Define and calculate acceleration.
SUCCESS CRITERIA
• I can use speed formula in real life situation.
• I can differentiate between speed and velocity.
• I can relate acceleration and change in velocity.
RECALL
• Average speed+= Distance moved
• Time taken
Distance measured in metres (m)
Time measured in seconds (s)
Speed - metres per second (m/s)
Average speed+= Distance moved
Time taken
Example:
A
Car travels 50m
time 2s
speed = 50/2 = 25 m/s
25 m.s-1
Recall speed and calculate average speed from total time / total
distance
LEARNING OBJECTIVE
• Recall speed and calculate average speed from total time /
total distance .
• Distinguish between speed and velocity
• Define and calculate acceleration using
time taken and change of velocity
STARTER
So if that’s
speed, what is
velocity?
Distinguish between speed and velocity
Velocity is speed in a given
direction.
Distinguish between speed and velocity
Example:
Example:
Example:
Example:
Cyclist +10m/s to the right
Example:
Cyclist +10m/s to the right
-10m/s to the left
Distinguish between speed and velocity
Distinguish between speed and velocity
Distinguish between speed and velocity
Distance – Time graph :
Activity1 : Story graphs
Calculating Speed :
Speed = gradient of the distance- time graph
Q1.
d)
LEARNING OBJECTIVE
• Recall speed and calculate average speed from total time /
total distance .
• Distinguish between speed and velocity
• Define and calculate acceleration using
time taken and change of velocity
Acceleration is the rate at which an
object increases speed or velocity.
Acceleration = change in velocity
time taken
Velocity measured in m/s
Time measured in s
Acceleration measured in m/s/s or m/s2
Define and calculate acceleration using
time taken and change of velocity
AFL
Define and calculate acceleration using
time taken and change of velocity
AFL
Define and calculate acceleration using
time taken and change of velocity
AFL
A drag car increases its velocity
from zero to 60m/s in 3s.
a = v - u
t
Define and calculate acceleration using
time taken and change of velocity
Example: a drag car increases its
velocity from zero to 60m/s in 3s.
a = v - u
t
a = 60 – 0
3
a = 60 = 20m/s2
3
Don’t forget that
acceleration is a vector
– it has size and
direction
LEARNING OBJECTIVE
• Recall speed and calculate average speed from total time /
total distance .
• Distinguish between speed and velocity
• Define and calculate acceleration using
time taken and change of velocity
23/07/2024
LEARNING OBJECTIVE
• Interpret the speed time- graph
• Calculate acceleration using the formula and graphically .
SUCCESS CRITERIA
• I can recognize acceleration on a speed vs. time graph.
• I can calculate slope (acceleration) on a speed vs. time graph
Starter …
What type of
graph is this?
S
V
Explain why.
t
• This is a acceleration graph because it shows a
change in speed over time (a = v/t).
• The slope of the line on the graph will equal
the acceleration.
• SLOPE = acceleration (higher slope =
higher acceleration)
𝑆𝑝𝑒𝑒𝑑
𝑠𝑙𝑜𝑝𝑒 = = 𝑎𝑐𝑐𝑒𝑙𝑒𝑟𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛
𝑡𝑖𝑚𝑒
S
V
t
• What would a graph showing an object
moving at a constant acceleration look
like? Try to draw it.
S
V
t
Constant acceleration
t
Now, on the same graph, use a
dashed line to show a second object
with a SLOWER constant acceleration.
2 constant speeds,
one faster, one slower
t
Try drawing an acceleration graph that shows an
object where the acceleration increases.
t
Try drawing an acceleration graph that shows an
object where the acceleration decreases.
t
Try drawing an acceleration graph that shows an
object that has constant deceleration.
t
Try drawing an acceleration graph that shows an
object where the deceleration decreases.
t
Try drawing a acceleration graph that shows an
object where the deceleration increases.
t
Try drawing an acceleration graph that shows no
acceleration.
t
Try drawing an acceleration graph that
shows an object that travels at a constant
acceleration, then acceleration decreases,
then has no acceleration?
t
accelerates slower
no acceleration
constant acceleration
t
LEARNING OBJECTIVE
• Interpret the speed time- graph
• Calculate acceleration using the formula and graphically .
Acceleration is the rate at which an
object increases speed or velocity.
Acceleration = change in velocity
time taken
Velocity measured in m/s
Time measured in s
Acceleration measured in m/s/s or m/s2
Define and calculate acceleration using
time taken and change of velocity
Q1
EXTENSION
Deceleration (retardation)
Deceleration
is negative
acceleration –
the object is
slowing down.
Eg. – 4m/s2
Speed-Time Graphs
What happened to Spider 1 What happened to
the bicycle between the bicycle at 15
40 and 50 seconds? seconds?
How many times during What was the speed
the journey did the
bicycle move at constant
of the bicycle after 10
speed? seconds?
For how long was For how long was
the bicycle the bicycle going at
stationary? The speed-time graph shows the a speed of 8𝑚/𝑠?
journey made by a bicycle.
Speed-Time Graphs
What happened to Spider 1 - Answers What happened to
the bicycle between It
the bicycle at 15
40 and 50 seconds? It stopped
decelerated
suddenly
seconds?
then stopped
How many times during What was the speed
the journey did the
bicycle move at constant
𝟐 times 𝟔𝒎/𝒔 of the bicycle after 10
speed? seconds?
For how long was 𝟓 seconds 𝟏𝟎 seconds For how long was
the bicycle the bicycle going at
stationary? The speed-time graph shows the a speed of 8𝑚/𝑠?
journey made by a bicycle.
CRITICAL THINKING
Constant acceleration example
6s
A B
Car passes point A with a velocity of 10m/s. It has
a steady (constant) acceleration of 4m/s2. What is
the velocity when it passes point B?
Constant acceleration example
6s
A B
Car passes point A with a velocity of 10m/s. It has a steady (constant) acceleration of
4m/s2. What is the velocity when it passes point B?
Solution: car gains 4m/s of velocity every second. In 6s
it gains an extra 24m/s.
Final velocity = initial velocity + extra velocity
Final velocity = 10 + 24 = 34m/s
PLENARY-QUIZ
