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5.1 Notes

The document covers the processes of photosynthesis and cellular respiration, highlighting their differences and the roles of chloroplasts and mitochondria in these processes. Photosynthesis, an anabolic pathway, occurs in plants and converts solar energy into glucose, while cellular respiration, a catabolic pathway, occurs in both plants and animals to break down glucose into ATP. Additionally, it compares plant and animal cells, noting key organelles unique to plant cells.

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3 views10 pages

5.1 Notes

The document covers the processes of photosynthesis and cellular respiration, highlighting their differences and the roles of chloroplasts and mitochondria in these processes. Photosynthesis, an anabolic pathway, occurs in plants and converts solar energy into glucose, while cellular respiration, a catabolic pathway, occurs in both plants and animals to break down glucose into ATP. Additionally, it compares plant and animal cells, noting key organelles unique to plant cells.

Uploaded by

a.kalyoncu
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Unit 3:

Photosynthesis &
Cellular Respiration
~ BIO 20 ~

Chapter 5
INDEX
➢ Topic 1: Comparing Living Systems

➢ Topic 2: Photosynthesis

➢ Topic 3: Cellular Respiration


Topic 5.1:
Matter and Energy Pathways in Living
Systems (pgs. 162-168)
I Can…
➢ Describe the differences between plant and animal cells
➢ Compare and contrast anabolic and catabolic forms of metabolism
➢ Outline the characteristics of a mitochondrion
➢ Outline the characteristics of a chloroplast
PHOTOSYNTHESIS CELLULAR RESPIRATION
● performed only by plants ● performed by plants &
& other producers animals/consumers
● the process of trapping ● the process of acquiring &
radiant energy from the breaking down chemical
sun, converting it into energy stored in the bonds
chemical energy, and of glucose into ATP
storing it as glucose (usable energy)
● energy conversion process ● energy conversion process
occurs in chloroplasts occurs in mitochondria
● an anabolic pathway ● a catabolic pathway
Anabolic vs. Catabolic Pathways
● Anabolic pathways synthesize larger molecules from smaller
ones; they require energy to do so (“endothermic”)
○ Photosynthesis is anabolic because it constructs glucose from other
particles derived from the sun’s energy

● Catabolic pathways break down larger molecules into smaller


ones; they release energy in the process (“exothermic”)
○ Cellular respiration is catabolic because it breaks down glucose into ATP
Animal Cells vs. Plant
Cells

Three key organelles are found in plant cells that


are absent in animal cells:
● Vacuoles (store water)
● Chloroplasts (perform photosynthesis)
● Cell wall (provides support)
The site of photosynthesis

Chloroplast
●

● Bound by an inner and outer


membrane

s ● Flattened, interconnected sacs


called thylakoids contain
chlorophyll, a green-coloured
molecule responsible for trapping
solar energy
● Thylakoids are stacked in
structures called grana, which are
connected by lamellae
● The inner fluid of the chloroplast,
known as the stroma, contains a
concentrated mixture of proteins
and other chemicals used in the
synthesis of glucose
Mitochond ● The site of cellular respiration

ria ● Bound by an inner and outer


membrane
● The fluid-filled space of the
inner membrane is called the
matrix. It contains proteins
and other chemicals needed to
break down glucose into ATP
● The folds of the inner
membrane, referred to as
cristae, increase the surface
area for the production of ATP

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