Thursday, April 08, 2010

We will quickly go over chapter 2.

One of the things you need to know for the test -- There are several
definitions about the meaning of institution. I know some of you opted
out of institutions but you need to foe the definition. It is on page 31.
The meaning of social institution and we are talking about interrelated
locking structures and activity that endure over time. Carry out over
time. Their necessary functions for social science. Some of the things
that all societies do are socialization of their children. Child rearing.
Sometimes it is not birth parents sometimes it is foster parents and
kinship or what ever. But child rearing to educate folks -- Children and
ourselves and commerce.
The United States is a capitalistic society. Meaning people do things
for money. People do things for money.

******** Slide number 1:

Meaning of social institution -- Set of interrelated interlocking
concepts, structures and activities enduring over time that carry out the
necessary functions of a society. Socialization, child rearing, education
and commerce.
 5 major institutions of the a society.
A. the economy -- Production, distribution and consumption of
goods and services. Also the ability to influence tax legislation.
B. the polity -- Exercise of power (local, state, federal government)
can enforce behaviors or impose/prevent change.
C. the family -- Defining family today vastly differs from traditional,
early family model. However, proceed creation and socialization of
children are pre-eminent family functions.
D. religion -- Complex system in which people relate to their deity
(higher power) in terms of spiritual and moral values for everyday life,
work and other relationships.
E. social welfare (including education) -- Broad sense of the well
being and interests of large numbers of people. Includes for profit (day
care; nursing care; medical care) and the social welfare model of
deviance (work with the delinquent, emotionally disturbed or poor) refer
to Friedlander definition of social welfare page 34.

Politics can impose things and prevent things. I want you to always
remember as a budding social worker you will become political quickly.
 The family: which has changed a lot over the past couple of
generations. It doesn’t necessarily always look like mom, dad and 2.3
children and a dog and home.
How you define family and people thinks of it in different ways.
Spanking and not spanking. Quite a few babies have been lost due to
shaking. How and when to discipline a baby. Those are the things we
will seeing and we are losing a lot of children particularly in Hamilton
county.

(discussion about spanking)

Religion is a complex system that people relate to and how they

relate to their higher power. Some people have different deities. How
that spirituality affects us morally and our everyday life. Helps us make
decisions or not. How we relate to other folks. Should abortion be legal
or not -- A big debate.
(80 year old that had an abortion that was getting ready to die)
How we are as a religion might determine how we deal with other
people.
Social welfare: social work can be for profit or not for profit. Includes
healthcare and education. Health insurance should be a right. That is an
on going debate. Includes nursing home and that type of care. It
includes a whole a lot of the things. Also includes deviants.
******* Slide 2: Perspectives in social welfare:
Perspectives -- A viewpoint based on values.
Purposes of social welfare: to aid those in need and to maintain
other societal structures and institutions.
Residual perspective -- Basis of medical model services to treat
and cure. Includes:.
A. Means testing.
B. Emergency services.
C. Stopgap programs

Residual you will definitely see on your test.

You don’t want to have cracks because people fall through the
cracks. You learn this as students with financial aid. Gaps in services.
Issues in the home but want to keep the children in the home. You
may have to refer for parenting classes or anger management. That sort
of thing.
Means testing are people that may qualify based on level of money
but are people being excluded but of means testing. Are there sliding
fees -- Can they get a portion and still get services.
Emergency services are things that we have we need to come in. A
lot of your clients have emergencies.
Read residual and functionalism and know about them.
************slide number 3: institutional perspective.
Everyone has a right to services without means testing or stigma.
Services to all who fit service mandate.
No time limits for services but may include a time when services can
begin (age 5; 65; etc.).
Means testing only to determine who can pay versus denying
services.
No stigma attached to services.
No societal pressure to leave programs

Stigma a always going to be attached to services but it is changing but

folks that wouldn’t normally be eligible are now eligible. You all will have
to coach them and know to apply because you will have resistance.
Some newer perspectives have to do with conflict theory.
Conflict theory: if you have any group of people that are exploited
and oppressed will rebel.
Know about this on page 40.

********Slide number 4:.

Based on conflict theory:.
 Piven and Cloward -- When ever disadvantaged rebelled against
exploitation, welfare programs and benefits were expanded until the
rebellion ceased (page 40) the expansion is about politics and economics:
served to regulate the poor by keeping labor cheap.
Media bias.
Feminist stuff -- Children rearing is delegated to the mother,
woman. Whether or not it is best for the child we see it as the female
figure for the child. When households change moms have to work and do
other things but it is still delegated to the mother -- You will probably
see this again, too.

****************** slide number 5: the scope of social welfare

Life necessity services -- Food, clothing, shelter, medical assistance
Educational, recreational or rehabilitative services -- Job training,
remedial education, day care, rec. Centers, disability rehabilitation.
Protective or custodial services -- Group homes, foster care etc.
Personal social services -- Emotional abuse therapy, substance
abuse treatment.

Day care is expensive stuff. But you want a say in who is taking care of
your child. We will pay more to get a person to take care of our child.
(discussion about day care) (barriers for women)
a lot of children are in foster care for various reasons. It used to be you
could find someone in the family to tear care of the children but now
everyone is working. It is not even being greedy anymore. Starter
homes are into the 100’s. You want to be in a good neighborhood. I
don’t think it is even greed anymore it is the bare necessities.
(discussion about leaving children alone).

************ Slide number 6: the profession of social work.

The argument: is social work a profession.
The original mission was intervention -- Reform of poverty and its
causes. The individual and his/her environment; mental health;
employment satisfaction; marital/partner health; elimination of
inequality; attainment of civil and human rights for clients; optimal
social functioning.
Social work entails -- Individuals, groups, families, organizations
and communities; political bodies.
Code of ethics and social justice.

You may work in a different country -- You have to go where the jobs
are. Many students want to work for the government. Sometimes a
military base in Japan, Germany… think about relocating. When you
come back and you have international experience you have done
something now.
 We work for rights for people. Even if we don’t agree with what they
are doing but everyone deserves their rights.
Read about social work code of ethics and social justice and social
advocacy.
When you see the word policy you will get a lot of stuff. It is just the
curriculum.

(break)

Social Welfare Policy chapter 4: feudalism and the welfare state:

(discussion of working and child care and working and going to
school)

*****************Slide 7: define feudalism -- Legal social system of

vassal was key:
Feudalism -- A closed system; predetermined roles, privilege by
birth, care of serve by lords and an honor system.
Feudal society -- Agricultural society. Serves were peasant
farmers. Land take over by lords created need for military security.
Peasant farmers gave up land and freedom (became enslaved) for
protection from lords and right to use land.
They gave up land willingly because they needed someone to protect
them. They couldn’t work the land and protect it at the same time. They
would swear themselves to lords.
********************** Slide number 8: Scientific revolution:.
Dark ages -- Transformation of land to private ownership.
Agricultural interventions.
Enclosure movement -- Allowed for common land transfer to private
ownership. Hired help and created wages.

You start developing and creating things you have surpluses and you can
actually make money. This is the first time this started happening.
Enclosure movement was the first time people could hire people and get
paid for doing stuff. Money does something to all of us. Now that folks
were getting paid and machines were doing some of the work. It is an
economic system developing. People doing the work get paid less but
nonetheless they have money.

******************** Slide number 9: The church and social welfare:.

Role of Roman catholic church (in feudalism and poverty as a crime).
Knights of Templar.
 Role of women in the church.
Role of poverty.
Gratain Laws

Keeping in place a corrupt system because it serves your purpose. That

happens a lot. There is a reason there are drugs on the street.
Nights of Templar -- The inquisition and keeping things the way
they were. Even today the catholic church sweeping things under the
rug.
Women were sent to the church if they were thought to be a little
indignant or sassy. Nuns. Women were viewed as spiritually inadequate.
When the Spanish were coming in doing the building when we had
the boom going on it was no problem. Now that they are taking jobs --
Get them out of here. The role of poverty when we think about the land
of milk and honey. Why is it so rampid. Why is there poverty when there
is opportunity still there.
Who was Gratain? He was the monk who decided we needed to do
something about this. There is the one person that says it is not right.
He got a bunch of monks together and decided the church should help
the poor and there should be laws and things in place to help those that
cannot help themselves. If you are born into 7th generation poverty -- I
want out. They can get out but there is a lot of support to help get them
out.
Gratain said it wasn’t a crime to be poor.
 Slide number 10 -- Forms of private welfare:.
Children took care of aging parents.
Upper echelon (kings, dukes, lords) provide funds to hospitals.
Rich -- philanthropy soldiers, deformed, aged and abandoned
children.

The rich thought there were certain populations that should be helped.
The military weren’t always treated the way they are now. Now service is
given to vets.

Slide number 11 -- Dissolution of feudalism:.

Impact of technology -- Agrarian production increased and many
peasants pushed off their land.
Able-bodied -- Aided by church as they looked for work; which
caused tension between lords and church.
Entrepreneurship -- 1200 A.D. businessmen buying wool and
making it into cloth.
Famine/starvation -- Created by displacement of workers as they
looked for work in mills.

Folks said keep the land I am going to work in the house and the
factory. Note the word businessmen -- We don’t use the word business
women a lot -- There is significance there. They were buying the wool
from the sheep and hiring women and peasants. Cheap labor, child labor.
They didn’t have the protection of the people that took the land
anymore. People oppressed will rebel.

************** Slide number 12: Black Death and witchcraft:.

Define black death -- Bubonic plague and its transmission.
Myth of black death.
Curse of the black death and who was blamed for it.
Witchcraft -- Magical powers.
Shift from belief in magical powers to devil powers. Blame of women
in witchcraft

When things go bad and we don’t know why people start making up stuff.
There were myths about black death because they didn’t know anything
about insects. The curse was who they were going to blame for it. Like
now we always blame people that are different.
We are having an economic down turn and a lot of folks that normally
would be working aren’t working. You know they are saying if those
black people would get up and start working… we don’t look at other
people just folks that are different. We are trying to educate the Spanish
speaking people… no wonder our children are not coming out of school
right. It is always easier to blame something else to justify why we feel
the way we feel.
 Witchcraft -- People were dying. It was the ungodly women that
are not working. What happens when men need jobs and women have
them? Let’s get them out of there. It happened when women went into
the factory when men went to war.
It used to be women were try to marry up and now men are trying to
marry up too.
(discussion about women making more than the man in a
relationship)

********** Slide number 12: Poverty becomes a crime:.

Statue of laborers 1349.
Classification of the poor “worthy” or “unworthy”.
The commercial revolution (short review).
A. Lutheranism.
B. Calvinism.
C. Women under Protestantism

Poverty becomes a crime again in the 14th century. Things started going
on with entrepreneurship and managing money and you have to deal with
how it can be managed. The statue of labor said we have to classify the
poor folk. There are people that society believe it is a crime to be poor
but some people are poor just because of their circumstances. Maybe
born with disabilities or not able minded or maybe veterans.
 Martin Luther -- Not king. Know where he was with the protestant
revolution.
We will skip over social welfare in England and jump into the stuff
you will see on the test.
**************Slide number 13 -- Elizabethan Poor Laws:.
How they came about
Who set them up
Classifications of the poor:
A. Impotent (deserving poor)
B. Able-bodied (undeserving poor; beggars)
C. Dependent children.
Hallmark of Elizabethan poor laws:.
-- Defining social welfare as part of labor policy.
-- Defining classes of the poor.
-- Establishing an administrative system and a funding mechanism
for programs for
the poor.
Workhouses -- They were supplemented by the government to get the
poor off the street.
(conversation about homeless people).
Dependent children -- Foster care. People get tired of parenting.
We have so many children. The system wasn’t set up for what there is
now. Systemic child care. What about when children age out of the
system.
 Know about the populations and how poor laws help define social
welfare as part of the labor policy. Same way with welfare reform. Go to
work, go to school.
There is the working poor but they are still poor.

************* Slide number 14 -- Overview of social welfare in England.

Control labor and prevent riots/revolution.
Pay low wages; refer workers to poor relieve supplements (food).
Allowed workers sheltered workshops rather than workhouse
incarceration.

Give people skills -- Like in the 60’s you teach people how to build.
Then technology comes along and everything changes. There can be a
skill base that isn’t even used anymore.
In Europe they have poverty and homelessness but nothing like over
here.

***************Slide number 15 -- Emergence of capitalism:.

Low wages increased margin of profit necessary to nation’s political
economy.
Ensures ready work force and maintains poverty.
Starvation, criminal activity, social unrest = control of the poor.
Kept work force available.
Society keeps poverty stricken population for a reason.

********************slide number 15 -- Age of enlightenment:.

Laissez-Faire
A. Non-intervention of government in individual and/or industrial affairs.
B. Competition
C. Capitalist self interests.

Adam Smith
John Locke
Karl Marx

Know about these guys and their thoughts on this whole thing called
enlightenment. You have heard the term Laissez-Faire from 12 grade on.
The last thing before you leave, look up.
*************** Slide 16 Industrial revolution and the new poor law:
Define industrial revolution.
Impact of industrial revolution (urban growth).
Study by royal commission on poor relief.
A. main finding