616 Final
616 Final
WHS risks
STUDENT ASSESSMENT TASKS
Trainer/Assessor:
This unit describes the skills and knowledge required to apply safe design principles to control work.
health and safety (WHS) risks in a product’s life cycle. It involves engaging at different points of the supply
chain to provide advice based on safe design principles. The central feature of safe design is the application
of relevant information and data about human experience, capabilities, and behavior to the design of
objects, facilities, procedures, and environments that people use.
The unit applies to those who apply the principles of safe design in their organization, which may be at one
or more stages of the product’s life cycle, including procurement, installation, operation and disposal.
Products may refer to plant, tools and equipment. The application of safe design principles aims to
eliminate or minimise hazards and their associated risks before an existing product, or a product being
developed or modified, is introduced into the workplace.
NOTES
1. The terms ‘occupational health and safety’ (OHS) and ‘work health and safety’ (WHS) are equivalent, and
generally either can be used in the workplace. In jurisdictions where model WHS laws have not been
implemented, registered training organisations (RTOs) are advised to contextualise this unit of competency
by referring to existing WHS legislative requirements.
2. For the purposes of this unit of competency ‘safe design’ refers to a process defined as the integration of
hazard identification and risk assessment methods to eliminate or minimise the risk of injury throughout the
life cycle of plant, tool or equipment being designed.
3. For the purposes of this unit of competency a ‘product’ refers to any plant, tool or equipment.
4. The model WHS laws include the model WHS Act, model WHS Regulations and model WHS Codes of
Practice. See Safe Work Australia for further information.
No licensing, legislative or certification requirements apply to this unit at the time of publication.
Assessment
This Student Assessment Guide is designed for you to complete the assessments:
Knowledge questions are designed to help you demonstrate the knowledge which you have acquired during
the learning phase of this unit. Ensure that you:
1. Provide an example of a Safe Work Australia Code of Practice that relates to safe design and outline
its purpose. Include the website link to the Code of Practice.
Safe work of Australia Code of Practice: Model codes of practice are practical guides to achieve the standards of
health and safety which is required under the model WHS Act and regulations. It normally applies on anyone
who has a duty of care in the circumstances described in the code.
The purpose is to provide some advice to any business owner and avoid any kind of hazard and risk at the
workplace.
The purpose is to provide accurate training and guidance on use of equipment’s and documentation used for
testing fire equipment’s and avoiding or eliminating any kind of risk.
2. Provide an example of Safe Work Australia guidance information that relates to safe design and outline
its purpose. Include the website link to the Guidance Information.
Safe work Australia guidance are the principles and guidelines to assist safe design and to eliminate any sort of
hazards at the design stage.
Purpose: the purpose is to provide proper training and guidance such as designing a building with a lift for
occupants, where design will also include sufficient space as well as safe access to the lift well or a machine room
for maintenance of the work.
Link:
https://www.safeworkaustralia.gov.au/system/files/documents/1702guidanceontheprinciplesofsafedesign_2006_p
df.pdf
Product life cycle stage Explain how safe design is achieved in each phase in
terms of risk control and/or implementation
Develop concept
At this stage, it is very important to anticipate all possible
hazards. There would be a consultation in the form of risk c
control which will surely ensure that various stakeholders
are being conducted which will result in all the possible
risks to be identified.
Design
In this phase it is crucial to be focused on accessing risk
and developing most possible risk controls.
Construct/manufacture
In this phase it is significant to put focus on monitoring and
evaluating the risk controls which can happen in that place.
Supply/install
In this phase, suppliers should be highly aware of risks and
keep communicating residual risks for which risk control
should be developed.
Commission/use
In this stage, it is very significant to identify additional risk
that might have been considered before or left.
Maintain
Risk assessments must be conducted regularly and to
access the impact of any variations towards the product.
Decommission
It is vital to identify the risks associated with
decommissioning so that the whole process can safely take
place.
Disposal/recycle
It is important to identify the risks associated with disposal
by keeping all the environmental changes in mind.
Consultation plays a crucial role in the whole process. It is required while identifying hazards, assessing
risks as well as deciding the measures to minimize or eliminate those risks. While deciding how to
eliminate or minimize risks, it is important to consult with the workers who may get affected with the
decision either directly or through their health measures and safety representative. Consulting multiple
stakeholders will result in all possible risks to get identified. It is also important to understand the needs
of the users and gain input on the risks that will get informed to the risk assessment and control team.
Product lifecycle Safe design does apply to every stage of the product
lifecycle, including installation, operation, procurement,
and disposal.
Safe design knowledge and capability A demonstration of safe design, learning and
development by the people who have control over the
designs.
5. Explain why it is important to ensure that a risk control is sufficiently reliable and robust in line with the
likelihood and impact of that risk. Give an example to illustrate your answer.
It is very significant to ensure that a risk control is sufficiently robust and reliable in line with the
likelihood and impact of that risk because it will ensure that the risk control will be effective.
An example to illustrate this is a consultation as consulting with one person would not be sufficient risk
control but consulting with a wide range of stakeholders can be sufficient.
6. In the table below, write down three risks for a product of your choice. For each risk, use the risk matrix
at the following link to calculate the overall risk level:
Risk 1
Traffic areas do not separate 10
pedestrians from traffic
Risk 2
Stairways are unsafe 7
Risk 3
Materials used in the building 4
are not easy to clean.
7. Explain how an adjustment to a product during its life can impact on safety and how to address this.
An adjustment to a product during its life can impact on safety because the variation may affect the safe design.
Therefore, variations must be addressed for further risk controls that may be required.
8. Give an example of a failsafe action that can apply to a risk control to ensure the chances of
possible failure of the risk control.
An example of failsafe action that can apply to a risk control to ensure the chances of possible failure of the risk
control is to ensure that the highest rated risk control is applied wherever it is possible.
9. Complete the following table about internal and external sources of WHS information and data.
Sources of information List at least two examples for Explain how these sources of
each type of information information are accessed
Reports
Information of reports can be
assessed through an internal
system.
External sources of
WHS regulator This information can be assessed
information through the internet from WHS
websites.
Perceptual capabilities: Perceptual capability allows people to use their senses tom make sense of information
around them through factors relating to interpretation, organization, and identification.
Furthermore, they can use this information to respond to the environment around them. Perceptual capability can
be seen as a cognitive skill or ability, which supports people in enhancing the quality of cognitive abilities.
Cognitive: Cognitive ability includes a number of mental processes relating to memory, attention, problem solving
and reasoning.
It is important to understand human cognitive and perceptual capabilities so that safe design control can be built in
based on people’s capabilities.
Occupational violence
To minimize the risk of violence at work.
Shift work
To make into account that people work at different times
of the
day and the product may need to be modified.
Repetitive work
To reduce the possibility of sustained repetitive
movement it is
important to consider in safe design.
Awkward postures
To ensure while using product workers are not using
awkward
postures.
Lighting
So that optimum lighting is achieved.
Thermal environment
So that the thermal comfort of the workers is
considered.
11. Explain the terms anthropometry and biomechanics and why they are important in relation to safe
design principles to control WHS risks.
12. List three communication/consultation processes and the type of personnel who could be involved.
13. Outline hierarchy of control measures, giving an example of why this measure would be chosen above
other for different risk controls.
14. Explain how organizational behavior and culture can impact on safe design and the need for change.
If there is a culture of innovation and adaption, then staff are more likely to accept that change.
The safety culture may be defined as the trust,ideas and beliefs that all members of the organization share about
risk, accidents, injuries, and occupational health
15. Explain WHS risk management. List three principles/practices that support a systematic approach to WHS
management.
Risk management: It is a formal process used by organizations for identifying hazards, evaluating and
analyzing the risk and then taking appropriate action to eliminate or control those type of risk.
Three principles / practices that support a systematic approach to WHS management are:
You are required to apply safe design principles to control WHS risks that may occur during the life cycle of a
product. This will involve conducting research and analysis, as well as preparing and delivering an
information session.
You will complete this project for two different products. The two products chosen have been sourced
from Blacktown City Council. The civil construction design products for this project portfolio are from the
local government area council (LGA) of Blacktown City Council:
Refer to the Appendix for information on each product and complete the requirements below
Provide a detailed description Material used: Steel, concrete, stone and asphalt, construction machines,
of the 2 products that you mixture.
have based your assessment Scope of work: Laboure, civil engineers, contractor, architects.
on. This should also include Technology: Building information modeling, prefabrication
materials that the product will
use, as well as technologies Product 2: car parking
and systems relevant to the
Material: loose gravel, asphalt, concrete, construction machines,
product.
mixtures
Scope of work: contractor, structural and mechanical engineers,
architects, Laboure.
Technology and system: digitized payment machine, parking
management system.
. Any information and data to enhance the safety of the final product
Sources of information
Identify a range of source of information such as safe work Australia’s
Research and interpret guidance on the
relevant sources of Principles of safe design at work as relevant source of data and describe
the key.
information and provide an
principles of safe design as they relate to WHS and managing risk
BSBWHS616 Apply safe design principles to control WHS
risks | 11
regarding data.
outline of the key principles of highlight the data provided by self-work Australia for example work
safe design as they relate to health and safe.
WHS and managing risks. statistics that show the importance of work health and safety.
Make sure you research and
interpret at least two sources
https://www.safeworkaustralia.gov.au/resources-and-publications/statisti
of information. cal-report/key-work-health-safety-statistics-australia-2021
In your answer provide
statistical data that
demonstrate the importance
of safe design.
In the description of products, Material: steel, concrete, stone and asphalt, construction machines
you outlined materials used in mixtures use to construct and build bridge.
your chosen products, as well
as technologies and systems Labor, civil engineers, contractor, architects, modelers, constructors,
used. drafters, designers are involved to seek advice on the design of product,
labors are involved to build the bridge.
For each product, research
and interpret sources of
information that will inform Technologies and system: Building information modeling is a
safe design as relevant to the technology used by engineers, architects and other construction
materials, technology and professionals to build and construct the bridge and connect,
prefabrication system is used at bridge construction to reduce the
systems for each product.
construction time and increase efficiency.
Provide an outline of your
findings from the
information you researched. Product 2: Car parking
Material: loose gravel, asphalt used in construction of the product as it is
cheapest and easily available and good material for the construction.
Contractors, structural and mechanical engineers, architects, labor
involved and used in project to seek advice and build construct the
product.
Technologies and system: digitised payment machines are used to
reduce the time of payment and make contactless payment for parking
fees, parking management system it is use to manage parking simply and
efficiently.
For each product, who are the Users will depend on the project and may include clients, senior
known/potential users of the managers,
product designers, manufactures, suppliers, purchasers, installers and
product? List them, explaining
workers.
why they are users of the
product.
Possible ways of consulting with these users during the design phase:
For each product, also outline Through team meetings, through briefing sessions and
possible ways of consulting workshops.
with these users during the
design phase. Outline at least
three ways.
Specialists
To support safe design, may need to seek or consult with specialists or
Sometimes specialist and experts where there is a need or requirement. It may be to meet a legal
other advisors’ input may be obligation or to support addressing safety issues of the product design.
needed as part of applying
For product 1: Bridge construction the specialists involved are labor, civil
safe design principles to engineers, contractor, architects, modelers, constructors, drafters,
control WHS risks. Explain designers.
why this might be needed.
For product 2: Car parking construction the specialists involved are
For each of the two products, contractor, structural and mechanical and mechanical
list who these engineers,architects, labor.
specialists/other advisers
could be.
Each section focuses on different aspects of applying safe design principles to control WHS risks including:
• Advising on a systematic approach to WHS risk management for safe design, including advising on
procurement systems to minimise WHS hazards and their associated risks.
• Advising on consultation processes that should be used throughout a product’s life cycle to
ensure safe design.
All of the questions in this section are general and relate to both products.
. Isolation
. Engineering
. Administrative
The controls are hierarchical because they range from most the effective (
top control option ) to the least effective ( bottom option ).
Documentation requirements
The documentation that should be kept in relation to decision making
Outline the documentation made during a risk assessment process are:
that should be kept in relation
. Risk register
to decision-making made
during a risk assessment . Residual risk register
process. Give at least three
examples. This should also . Hazards inspection checklist
include the purpose, function
. Reports
and communication of a risk
register. A risk register is used to identify any potential risk and includes each
identified risk, the nature of the risk, level of impact, responsibility and the
BSBWHS616 Apply safe design principles to control WHS
risks | 16
risk, level of impact, responsibility and the risk mitigation measure to
respond to it.
Residual risk is left-over risk the organization has to retain after control
measuyre have been implemented.
Purchased WHS hazards and
risks
You are to develop a presentation based on the work you have completed Section 1 and Section 2 and
then present it to senior management (your assessor and small groups of students). Your presentation will
be 15 minutes in length, comprised of approximately 10 minutes of presentation followed by and allowing
up to 5 minutes of questions and answers from the audience.
Your assessor will advise you of the date and time for the presentation (refer to Unit Guide), as well as the
students who will attend your presentation.
You may develop the presentation in a format of your choice ensuring that the language, content and tone
of your presentation is suitable for your audience (i.e., decision makers with no knowledge of safe design
principles).
After the presentation you will also be required to confirm your audience’s understanding of the information
and advice you have presented by inviting questions and responding to them. You may choose to seek their
advice on any information they believe is relevant to facilitate the application of safe design principles to
control WHS risks.
With all of the above, develop your presentation and then deliver it to your assigned group. During
your presentation, you will be required to use oral communication skills including:
Speaking clearly and concisely, using language that your audience can understand.
At the end of your presentation, ask your questions and use active listening skills to confirm that
you have correctly understood your audience’s response.
You are required to submit a copy of your presentation (black and white printing is ok) to your
assessor on the day of your presentation.
The following questions in the section below may help frame your presentation and relate to both products.
User needs
It is important to have a good understanding of the needs of the users or
Explain the importance of those
considering the needs of those Interacting with the product throughout is lifecycle because identification
of
using or interacting with
New hazards and risk can be encountered at different stage of the
product throughout its life product
cycle. Identify at least three Lifecycle. This information may be obtained through team meetings,
ways that decision makers can briefing
consult with users to identify Sessions and workshop, consultation and feedback.
these needs.
Karanbir Kaur
Product 2:
Dear Machinal Engineer,
We are currently working through a process to making sure the safe
design of Product- Car park construction.
Consultation arrangements
A best practice consultation process: it focuses on consulting with others
Explain a best practice throughout
consultation process that The product lifecycle.
should be used during all
This means all the stakeholders will be consulted with including the
phases of design process to clients, senior
identify WHS hazards and Managers, product designers, experts, manufactures, installers,
control WHS risks that may purchasers, suppliers,
occur throughout a product’s workers and many more.
life cycle. Make sure you
indicate personnel that should
be involved.
Student number:
20230155
Student name:
Karanbir kaur
1. This assessment is my original work and no part of it has been
Student
copied from any other source except where due
Declaration:
acknowledgement is made.
2. No part of this assessment has been written for me by any
other person.
3. I declare that it is my original work and that no part has been
contributed by, produced by or in conjunction with another
student.
4. I permit my assessment response to be compared and archived to
detect plagiarism.
5. I understand that:
a. Plagiarism is the presentation of the work, idea, or
creation of another person as though it is your own. It is
a form of cheating and is a serious academic.
b. Plagiarised material can be drawn from, and presented
in, written, graphic, and visual form, including electronic
data and oral presentations.
c. Plagiarism occurs when the origin of the material used is
not appropriately cited.
d. Plagiarism includes the act of assisting or allowing
another person to plagiarise or to copy my work
6. I declare that I have read and understood the declaration
Student Signature
Date:
17/01/2024
Product: Roundabout
Project type Roundabout Construction
Blacktown City Council, in collaboration with J & G Excavations & Asphalting Pty Ltd completed the
construction of a new roundabout at the corner of Alex Avenue & Jacqui Avenue, Schofields. The project
commenced on July 4, 2022 and was completed within three weeks.
construction of splitter islands which provide safe pedestrian access to neighbouring parks and
cycleways
landscaping of the roundabout, improving the general appearance of the area whilst reducing the
amount of hard surfaces which generate heat.
With the completion of the roundabout at Alex Avenue & Jacqui Avenue, Schofields we have improved
safety at the intersection for pedestrians and vehicles. The roundabout also provides a visually aesthetic and
eco-friendly traffic calming device.
Product Footpath
Project type Pathway construction
Project value $104,200
Project schedule May 2023 - June 2023
Project Status Completed
Contractor name Ally Civil P/L
The construction of a new concrete footpath along the full 592 metre length of Kastelan
Street, Blacktown is now completed. The newly constructed footpath and pram ramps will
improve the convenience and safety for all pedestrians and mobility impaired members of
our community. The residents of Kastelan Street can now enjoy unobstructed travels along
the newly completed footpath.
Location
Assessment Details
Student Name
Student Number
Needs
Assessment Satisfactor
more
Activity y
evidence
Knowledge Assessment
Student’s number:
Student’s name:
Completed
successfully? Comments
Yes No
Section 3: Presentation -
WHS consultation advice
Assessor name:
Date:
Student name:
Assessor name:
Date:
Result
Feedback to Student
If a reassessment is required.