28/01/2025

PROVISIONS
FOR
ELECTRICAL CHAPTER 3
SYSTEM DESIGN WIRING METHODS AND
BASED ON PHILIPPINE ELECTRICAL CODE 2017 MATERIALS

EE 412
ELECTRICAL SYSTEMS AND ILLUMINATION DESIGN
2
1

Art. 3.0 GENERAL REQUIREMENTS FOR WIRING METHODS Art. 3.0 GENERAL REQUIREMENTS FOR WIRING METHODS
AND MATERIALS AND MATERIALS
General Requirements (Art. 3.0.1) Conductors for General Wiring (Art. 3.10)
Scope (3.0.1.1) Installation - (3.10.2.1)
A. Dry Locations – Insulated conductors and cables of any type can be used in dry
All Wiring Installation. This article covers general locations
requirements for wiring methods and materials for B. Dry and Damp Locations – Insulated conductors and cables used in dry and damp
all wiring installations. locations shall be of Types FEP, FEPB, MTW, PFA, RHH, RHW, RHW-2, SA, THHN,
THW, THW-2, THHW, THHW-2, THWN, THWN-2, TW, XHH, XHHW, XHHW-2, Z, or ZW
Metric Designators and Trade Sizes. Metric C. Wet Locations – Conductors used in wet locations shall be:
designators and trade sizes of conduit, tubing and 1. Moisture-impervious metal sheathed
associated fittings and accessories shall be 2. Types MTW, RHW, RHW-2, TW, THW, THW-2, THHW, THHW-2, THWN, THWN-2,
designated in Table 3.0.1.1 (C) XHHW, XHHW-2, ZW
D. Locations Exposed to Direct Sunlight – Insulated conductors or cables exposed to direct
rays of the sun shall be of types that are sunlight resistant
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Art. 3.0 GENERAL REQUIREMENTS FOR WIRING METHODS Art. 3.0 GENERAL REQUIREMENTS FOR WIRING METHODS
AND MATERIALS AND MATERIALS
Conductors for General Wiring (Art. 3.10) Conductors for General Wiring (Art. 3.10)
Installation – Conductors in Parallel (3.10.2.1(H)) Installation – Conductors in Parallel (3.10.2.1(H))
Separate Cables or Raceways – Separate cables and raceways with
General – Conductors shall be permitted to be connected in parallel only in 50mm2 and
conductor shall have the same number of conductors and shall have
larger.
the same electrical characteristics.
Ampacity Adjustment – Conductors installed in parallel shall comply
Conductor and Installation Characteristics – The parallel conductors in each phase, polarity, with:
neutral, grounded circuit conductor, or equipment bonding jumper shall comply with ALL of 3.10.2.6(B)(3)(a) Adjustment Factors – More than Three Current-
the following: Carrying Conductors.
1. Be the same length Where the number of current-carrying conductors or
2. Consist of the same conductor material multiconductor cables are installed without maintaining spacing
for continuous length longer than 600mm and are not installed in
3. Be the same size in circular mil area
raceways, the allowable ampacity of each conductor shall be
4. Have the same insulation type reduced as shown in Table 3.10.2.6(B)(3). Each current-carrying
5. Be terminated in the same manner conductors of a paralleled set of conductors shall be counted as a
5
current-carrying conductor. 6

Art. 3.0 GENERAL REQUIREMENTS FOR WIRING METHODS Art. 3.0 GENERAL REQUIREMENTS FOR WIRING METHODS
AND MATERIALS AND MATERIALS
Ampacities for Conductors Rated 0 – 20000 Ampacities for Conductors Rated 0 –
Volts (Art. 3.10.2.6) 20000 Volts (Art. 3.10.2.6)
1. Ampacities for conductors shall be as 1. Ampacities for conductors shall be as
specified in the following Tables: specified in the following Tables:
 Table 3.10.2.6(B)(16) – Allowable  Table 3.10.2.6(B)(17) – Allowable
Ampacities of Insulated Conductors Ampacities of Single-Insulated
Rated Up to and Including 2000 Conductors Rated Up to and
Volts, 60˚C Through 90˚C, Not More Including 2000 Volts, in Free Air,
Than Three Current-Carrying Based on Ambient Temperature of
Conductors in Raceway, Cable, or 30˚C
Earth (Directly Buried), Based on
Ambient Temperature of 30˚C

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Art. 3.0 GENERAL REQUIREMENTS FOR WIRING METHODS Art. 3.0 GENERAL REQUIREMENTS FOR WIRING METHODS
AND MATERIALS AND MATERIALS
Ambient Temperatures Correction Factors Ambient Temperatures Correction Factors
(Art. 3.10.2.6(B)(2)) (Art. 3.10.2.6(B)(2))
Ampacities for ambient temperatures other than those Ampacities for ambient temperatures other than those
shown in the ampacity tables shall be corrected in shown in the ampacity tables shall be corrected in
accordance with Table 3.10.2.6(B)(2)(a) or Table accordance with Table 3.10.2.6(B)(2)(a) or Table
3.10.2.6(B)(2)(b) or shall be permitted to be calculated 3.10.2.6(B)(2)(b) or shall be permitted to be calculated
using the following equations: using the following equations:

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Art. 3.0 GENERAL REQUIREMENTS FOR WIRING METHODS Art. 3.0 GENERAL REQUIREMENTS FOR WIRING METHODS
AND MATERIALS AND MATERIALS
Art. 3.12 – Cabinets, Cutout Boxes, and Meter Socket Enclosures Art. 3.12 – Cabinets, Cutout Boxes, and Meter Socket Enclosures

Installation (Surface Type Enclosures) Enclosures for Switches or Overcurrent Devices

1. Damp Locations – Enclosures installed in damp locations shall prevent moisture from 1. Shall not be used as junction boxes, auxiliary gutters, or raceways for feeder conductors
entering and shall be placed with at least 6 mm airspace from the wall or of a supporting unless adequate space is provided for this purpose.
surface. 2. The conductors shall not fill the wiring space at any cross section to more than 40%.
2. Wet Locations – Enclosures installed in wet locations shall be weatherproof and shall be 3. Taps shall not fill the wiring space at any cross section to more than 75%.
placed with at least 6 mm airspace from the wall or of a supporting surface.
3. Position in Wall – Enclosures shall be installed in walls of concrete, tile, or other
noncombustible material. Cabinets shall be installed so that the front edge is not set back
of the finished surface for more than 6 mm.

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Art. 3.0 GENERAL REQUIREMENTS FOR WIRING METHODS Art. 3.0 GENERAL REQUIREMENTS FOR WIRING METHODS
AND MATERIALS AND MATERIALS
Art. 3.12 – Cabinets, Cutout Boxes, and Meter Socket Enclosures Art. 3.12 – Outlet, Device, Pull, and Junction Boxes; Conduit Bodies; Fittings; and Handhole
Construction Specifications (Cabinets, Cutout Boxes, and Meter Socket Enclosures) Enclosures
1. Strength – The materials to be used shall have ample strength and rigidity to support the
electrical components. If constructed of sheet steel, metal thickness shall not be less than Round Boxes – Round boxes shall not be used where conduits requires the use of
1.35 mm uncoated. locknuts/bushings on the side of the box.
2. Spacing – Spacings shall be sufficient to provide ample room for the distribution of wires
and cables. Nonmetallic Boxes – Are permitted only with open wiring on insulators, concealed knob-and-
a. Base - Airspace of at least 1.60 mm between the base of the device and the wall of tube wiring, cabled wiring methods with entirely nonmetallic sheaths, flexible cords, and
any cabinet. nonmetallic raceways.
b. Doors - There shall be airspace of at least 25 mm between any live metal parts.
c. Live Parts - Airspace of at least 13 mm between the walls, back, and gutter Short-Radius Conduit Bodies – Capped-elbows and service-entrance elbows that enclose
partition. Spacing shall be increased to at least 25 mm for voltages of 251 to 600, conductors 14mm2 or smaller shall not contain splices, taps, or devices and have sufficient size
nominal. to provide space.
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Art. 3.0 GENERAL REQUIREMENTS FOR WIRING METHODS Art. 3.0 GENERAL REQUIREMENTS FOR WIRING METHODS
AND MATERIALS AND MATERIALS
Art. 3.12 – Outlet, Device, Pull, and Junction Boxes; Conduit Bodies; Fittings; and Handhole Art. 3.12 – Outlet, Device, Pull, and Junction Boxes; Conduit Bodies; Fittings; and Handhole
Enclosures Enclosures
Supports for Enclosures: Supports for Enclosures:
1. Surface Mounting – Enclosures surface mounted shall be rigidly and securely fastened 3. Mounting in Finished Surfaces – Enclosures shall be supported by clamps, anchors, or
in place. fittings
2. Structural Mounting – Rigidly supported either by directly using a metal, polymeric, or 4. Suspended Ceilings – The suspended ceilings shall not be more than 1650 cm3 in size
wood brace. and has the enclosure fastened securely.
a. Nails and Screws – Shall be 6 mm of back or ends of the enclosure. Framing Members – fastened to the framing members by bolts, screws, or rivets
b. Braces 5. Raceway Supported Enclosure, Without Devices, Luminaires (Fixtures), or
 Metal Braces – Protected against corrosion and not less than 0.50 mm Lampholders – Raceways shall not exceed 1650 cm3 in size. Two or more conduits
thick uncoated. threaded wrench tight supports the enclosure. Each conduit shall be 900mm within the
 Wood Braces – Cross section not less than 25 mm x 50 mm. enclosure, or 450mm of the enclosure if on the same side.
 Polymeric Braces – Must be identified to be suitable for use.
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Art. 3.0 GENERAL REQUIREMENTS FOR WIRING METHODS Art. 3.0 GENERAL REQUIREMENTS FOR WIRING METHODS
AND MATERIALS AND MATERIALS
Art. 3.12 – Outlet, Device, Pull, and Junction Boxes; Conduit Bodies; Fittings; and Handhole Art. 3.12 – Outlet, Device, Pull, and Junction Boxes; Conduit Bodies; Fittings; and Handhole
Enclosures Enclosures
Supports for Enclosures: Outlet Boxes
6. Raceway Supported Enclosures, with Devices, Luminaires (Fixtures), or Lamp holders 1. Depth of Outlet Boxes
– Raceway shall not exceed 1650 cm3 in size and secured by wrench tight conduits a. Internal depth – Not less than 13 mm.
450mm within of the enclosure. b. Boxes enclosing flush devices – Internal depth of not less than 24 mm.
7. Enclosures in Concrete or Masonry – Enclosures shall be protected from corrosion and 2. Maximum Luminaire (Fixture) Weight – Outlet boxes shall be permitted to support 23kg
securely embedded. or less. A luminaire more than 23kg shall be supported independently.
8. Pendant Boxes - Can be supported by flexible cord or conduits with length of 450 mm. 3. Boxes at Ceiling-Suspended (Paddle) Fan Outlets – Outlet boxes as the sole support of
a ceiling- suspended (paddle) fan shall be listed. Outlets shall not support more than
32kg. Outlets designed to support fans weighing 16kg or more, markings shall include
the maximum weight to be supported.

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Art. 3.0 GENERAL REQUIREMENTS FOR WIRING METHODS Art. 3.0 GENERAL REQUIREMENTS FOR WIRING METHODS
AND MATERIALS AND MATERIALS
Art. 3.12 – Outlet, Device, Pull, and Art. 3.12 – Outlet, Device, Pull, and Junction Boxes; Conduit Bodies; Fittings; and Handhole
Junction Boxes; Conduit Bodies; Fittings; Enclosures
and Handhole Enclosures Pull and Junction Boxes for Use on Systems Over 600 Volts, Nominal
Pull and Junction Boxes and Conduit 1. Straight Pulls – The length of the box shall not be less than 48 times the outside diameter,
Bodies over sheath, of the largest shielded or lead-covered conductor or cable entering the box.
1. Straight Pulls – The length of the box 2. For Angle or U Pulls – The distance between each cable and conductor shall not be less
shall not be less than 8 times the than 36 times the outside diameter, over sheath, of the largest cable or conductor.
raceway size of the largest raceway.
2. Angle or U Pulls – The distance
between each raceway entry inside
the box and the opposite wall of the
An example showing calculations An example showing
box shall not be less than 6 times required for spices, angle pulls or calculations for raceways
the raceway size of the largest U pulls enclosing conductors
raceway in a row. 19 20
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Art. 3.0 GENERAL REQUIREMENTS FOR WIRING METHODS Art. 3.0 GENERAL REQUIREMENTS FOR WIRING METHODS
AND MATERIALS AND MATERIALS
Art. 3.20 – Armored Cable Type AC Art. 3.20 – Armored Cable Type AC
Armored Cable – A fabricated assembly of Uses Permitted: Uses Not Permitted:
insulated conductors in a flexible metallic 1. In both exposed and concealed works 1. Where subject to physical damage
enclosure. 2. In cable trays 2. In damp or wet locations
1. Thermal Insulation – 90°C (194°F); For 3. In dry locations 3. Where exposed to corrosive fumes or
Application usage 60°C (140°F) 4. Embedded in plaster finish on brick or vapors
2. Bending Radius – The radius of the curve not other masonry; except in damp or wet 4. Embedded in plaster finish on brick or
less than 5 times the diameter. locations other masonry in damp or wet locations
3. Securing – 300mm within every outlet box, 5. To be run or fished in the air voids of 5. In air voids of masonry block or tile walls
junction box, cabinet. masonry block or tile walls; not where walls are exposed or subject to
4. Supporting – Horizontal run supported within exposed to excessive excessive moisture/dampness
1400mm intervals. moisture/dampness

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Art. 3.0 GENERAL REQUIREMENTS FOR WIRING METHODS Art. 3.0 GENERAL REQUIREMENTS FOR WIRING METHODS
AND MATERIALS AND MATERIALS
Art. 3.22 – Flat Cable Assemblies: Type FC Art. 3.22 – Flat Cable Assemblies: Type FC
Flat Cable Assemblies – An assembly of parallel conductors formed integrally with an insulating material Uses Permitted: Uses Not Permitted:
web specifically for field installation in surface metal raceway. 1. Branch circuits for lighting, small 1. Subject to corrosive vapors unless
1. Construction – It consist of 2, 3, 4, or 5 conductors.
appliances, or small power loads (not suitable for application
2. Conductors – 5.5mm2 (2.6mm dia.) special stranded copper wires.
exceed 30 amperes) 2. In hoist ways or on elevators or escalators
3. Securing and Supporting – Supported by special design features within surface metal raceways.
2. Installed for exposed work 3. In any hazardous (location)
4. Temperature Rating – The ratings shall be marked on the surface at intervals not exceeding
600mm. 3. Not subject to physical damage 4. Outdoors in wet or damp locations
5. Grounded Conductor – White or gray marking. 4. Surface metal raceways identified for
the use

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Art. 3.0 GENERAL REQUIREMENTS FOR WIRING METHODS Art. 3.0 GENERAL REQUIREMENTS FOR WIRING METHODS
AND MATERIALS AND MATERIALS
Art. 3.24 – Flat Conductor Assemblies: Type FCC Art. 3.24 – Flat Conductor Assemblies: Type FCC
Flat Conductor Cable – 3 or more flat copper conductors placed edge-to-edge and separated and enclosed Installation (shall be permitted on the following conditions):
within an insulating assembly. a. Floors – Hard, sound, smooth, continuous floor surfaces made of concrete,
1. Bottom Shield – The protective layer installed between the floor and Type FCC for protection ceramic/composition flooring.
2. Top Shield – A grounded metal shield covering under-carpet components. b. Walls – Wall surfaces in surface metal raceways.
3. Cable Connector – Connector designed to join Type FCC without using a junction box. c. Damp Locations
4. FCC System – Complete wiring system for branch circuits design for installation under carpet squares. d. Heated Floors – Shall be identified if in excess of 30°C
5. Insulating End – Insulator designed to electrically insulate the end of Type FCC. e. System Height – Exceeding 2.30mm shall be tapered or feathered at the edges to floor
6. Metal Shield Connections – Means of connection designed to electrically and mechanically connect a
level.
metal shield to another metal.
f. Coverings – Covered with carpet squares not larger than 900mm square.
7. Transition Assembly – Incorporated with electrical connection and a suitable box or covering for safety.
Uses Not Permitted:
a. Voltage – Shall not exceed 300V and voltage between phase and ground conductors not
1. Outdoors or in wet locations
exceed 150V.
2. Subject to corrosive vapors
b. Current – General-purpose and appliance branch circuits shall have 20A rating. And, individual
branch circuits shall have 30 ampere rating.
3. In any hazardous (classified) location
4. In residential, school, and hospital buildings
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Art. 3.0 GENERAL REQUIREMENTS FOR WIRING METHODS Art. 3.0 GENERAL REQUIREMENTS FOR WIRING METHODS
AND MATERIALS AND MATERIALS
Art. 3.26 – Integrated Gas Spacer Cable: Type IGS Art. 3.26 – Integrated Gas Spacer
Integrated Gas Spacer – A factory assembly of one or more conductors, each individually insulated and Cable: Type IGS
enclosed in a loose fit, nonmetallic flexible conduit as an integrated gas spacer cable rated 0 through Uses Permitted:
600V.
1. Service-entrance conductors
1. Bends – A run Type IGS shall not contain more than equivalent of four quarter bends. (360 bends)
2. Feeder or branch-circuit
2. Fittings – The terminations and splices shall be suitable for maintaining gas pressure within the
conductors
conduit. Valve and cap shall be provided to check the gas pressure or to inject gas into the conduit
3. Conductors – Solid aluminum rods, lay parallel, consisting of 1 to 19 (13mm diam. rods). The
minimum size conductor size shall be 125mm2, and the maximum size shall be 2375mm2. (4750 Uses Not Permitted:
kcmil) 1. Interior wiring or be exposed
4. Insulation – Shall be dry kraft paper tapes and a pressurized sulfur hexafluoride (SF6). The nominal in contact with buildings Cross section of Single-conductor, 4750-kcmil Type IGS cable
gas pressure shall be 138 kPA gauge.
5. Conduit – The conduit shall be a medium density polyethylene identified as suitable for use with
natural gas rated pipe in race size 50 mm, 80 mm, or 100 mm.
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Art. 3.0 GENERAL REQUIREMENTS FOR WIRING METHODS Art. 3.0 GENERAL REQUIREMENTS FOR WIRING METHODS
AND MATERIALS AND MATERIALS
Art. 3.30 – Metal-Clad Cable: Type MC Art. 3.30 – Metal-Clad Cable: Type MC
Metal Clad Cable – A factory assembly of one or more insulated circuit conductors with or Type MC cable shall be permitted as follows:
without optical fiber members enclosed in an armor of interlocking metal tape or a smooth or 9. In hazardous (classified) locations as permitted
corrugated metallic sheath. 10. In dry locations and embedded in plaster finish on brick except in damp or wet
Type MC cable shall be permitted as follows: locations
1. For services, feeders, and branch circuits 11. In wet locations where any of the following conditions are met:
2. For power, lighting, control, and signal circuits 1. Metallic covering is impervious to moisture
3. Indoors or outdoors 2. A lead sheath or moisture-impervious jacket is provided under the metal covering
4. Exposed or concealed 3. The insulated conductors under the metallic covering are listed for use in wet
5. To be direct buried where identified for such use locations
6. In cable tray where identified for such use 12. Where single-conductor cables are used, all phase conductors and, where used, the
7. In any raceway neutral conductor shall be grouped together
8. As aerial cable on a messenger
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Art. 3.0 GENERAL REQUIREMENTS FOR WIRING METHODS Art. 3.0 GENERAL REQUIREMENTS FOR WIRING METHODS
AND MATERIALS AND MATERIALS
Art. 3.30 – Metal-Clad Cable: Type MC Art. 3.30 – Metal-Clad Cable: Type MC
Uses Not Permitted – shall not be exposed to corrosive conditions Securing – Unless otherwise provided,
1. Where subject to physical damage cables shall be secured at intervals not
2. Direct burial in the earth exceeding 1800 mm. 4 or fewer conductors
3. In concrete sized no larger than 5.5mm2 (2.6mm dia.)
Bending Radius – The radius of the curve of the inner edge of bends shall not be less than the shall be secured within 300mm.
required: Conductors – copper, aluminum, or copper-
1. Smooth Sheath clad aluminum, solid or stranded. The
a. Cable not more than 19mm dia. - 10 times the external diameter minimum conductor size shall be 18 AWG
b. Cable more than 19mm but less than 40mm dia. - 12 times the external diameter (0.75mm2; 1.0mm dia.) copper and 3.5mm2
c. Cable more than 40mm dia. - 15 times the external diameter (2.0mm dia.) aluminum or copper-clad
2. Interlocked-Type Armor or Corrugated Sheath – 7 times the external diameter aluminum. An application showing Type MC cable supported and
3. Shielded Conductors – 12 times the overall diameter of one of the individual conductors or secured at intervals not exceeding 1800mm and within
300mm of the box and an application which permits Type MC
7 times the overall diameter of the multiconductor cable, whichever is greater. 31
cable to be finished in walls, floors or ceiling
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Art. 3.0 GENERAL REQUIREMENTS FOR WIRING METHODS Art. 3.0 GENERAL REQUIREMENTS FOR WIRING METHODS
AND MATERIALS AND MATERIALS
Art. 3.32 – Metal-Insulated Cable: Type MI Art. 3.32 – Metal-Insulated Cable: Type MI
Mineral Insulated, Metal-Sheathed Cable – A factory assembly of one or more conductors Uses Permitted – Type MI cable shall be permitted as follows:
insulated with a highly compressed refractory mineral insulation and enclosed in a liquidtight 8. Where exposed to oil and gasoline
and gastight continuous copper or alloy steel sheath. 9. Where exposed to corrosive conditions not deteriorating to its sheath
Conductors – Solid copper, nickel, or nickel-coated copper 10. In underground runs where suitably protected against physical damage and corrosive
Uses Permitted – Type MI cable shall be permitted as follows: conditions
1. For services, feeders, and branch circuits 11. In or attached to cable tray
2. For power, lighting, control, and signal circuits
3. In dry, wet, or continuously moist locations Uses Not Permitted – Type MI cable shall not be used under the following conditions
4. Indoors or outdoors 1. Underground runs unless protected from physical damage, where necessary
5. Where exposed or concealed 2. Exposed to conditions that are destructive and corrosive to the metallic sheath
6. Where embedded in plaster, concrete, fill, or other masonry, whether above or below
grade
7. In any hazardous (classified) location 33 34

Art. 3.0 GENERAL REQUIREMENTS FOR WIRING METHODS Art. 3.0 GENERAL REQUIREMENTS FOR WIRING METHODS
AND MATERIALS AND MATERIALS
Art. 3.32 – Metal-Insulated Cable: Type MI Art. 3.34 – Nonmetallic-Sheathed Cable: Types NM, NMC, AND NMS
Bending Radius – The radius of the curve Nonmetallic-Sheathed Cable – A factory assembly of two or more insulated conductors
of the inner edge of bends shall not be enclosed within an overall nonmetallic jacket.
less than the required
1. Cable more than 19mm dia. – 5  Type NM – Insulated conductors enclosed within an overall nonmetallic jacket.
times the external diameter  Type NMC – Insulated conductors enclosed within an overall, corrosion resistant,
2. Cable greater than 19mm but not nonmetallic jacket.
more than 25mm dia. – 10 times  Type NMS – Insulated power or control conductors with signaling, data, and
the external diameter communications conductors within an overall nonmetallic jacket.

Securing – Cables shall be secured at

intervals not exceeding 1800mm An illustration for bends in Type MI cable

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Art. 3.0 GENERAL REQUIREMENTS FOR WIRING METHODS Art. 3.0 GENERAL REQUIREMENTS FOR WIRING METHODS
AND MATERIALS AND MATERIALS
Art. 3.34 – Nonmetallic-Sheathed Cable: Types NM, NMC, AND NMS Art. 3.34 – Nonmetallic-Sheathed Cable: Types
NM, NMC, AND NMS
Uses Permitted – Type NM, Type NMC, and Type NMS cables shall be permitted to be used in
Uses Not Permitted – Type NM, Type NMC, and
the following:
Type NMS cables shall not be permitted as
1. One-and two-family dwellings 8. In hoistways or on elevators or escalators
follows:
2. Multifamily dwellings permitted to be of Types III, IV, and V construction. 1. In any dwelling or structure not 9. Embedded in poured cement, concrete, or
3. Other structures permitted to be of Types III, IV, and V construction. Cables shall be specifically permitted aggregate
concealed within walls, floors, or ceilings that provide a thermal barrier of material that 2. Exposed in dropped/suspended ceilings 10. In hazardous (classified) locations, except
has at least a 15-minute finish rating. in one-and two-family dwellings permitted
4. Cable trays in structures permitted to be Types III, IV, or V identified for the use. 3. As service-entrance cable 11. Where exposed to corrosive fumes or vapors
4. In commercial garages having 12. Where embedded in masonry, concrete, adobe, fill,
hazardous (classified) locations or plaster
5. In theaters and similar locations, except 13. In a shallow chase in masonry, concrete, or adobe
permitted and covered with plaster, adobe
6. In motion picture studios 14. Where exposed or subject to excessive moisture or
37
7. In storage battery rooms dampness 38

Art. 3.0 GENERAL REQUIREMENTS FOR WIRING METHODS Art. 3.0 GENERAL REQUIREMENTS FOR WIRING METHODS
AND MATERIALS AND MATERIALS
Art. 3.34 – Nonmetallic-Sheathed Cable: Types NM, NMC, AND NMS Art. 3.36 – Power and Control Tray Cable: Type TC
Protection from Physical Damage – conductors shall be protected by intermediate metallic conduit Power and Control Tray Cable – A factory assembly of two or more insulated conductors, with
(IMC), rigid metallic conduit (RMC), electrical metallic tubing (EMT), or Schedule 80 PVC. or without associated bare or covered grounding conductors, under a nonmetallic jacket.
Bending Radius – The radius of the curve of the inner edge shall not be less than 5 times the diameter Uses Permitted – Type TC cable shall be permitted to be used as follows:
of the cable. 1. For power, lighting, control, and signal circuits
Securing and Supporting – The conductors shall be secured by staples, cable ties, straps, hangers, or
2. In cable trays
similar fittings at intervals not exceeding 1400 mm and within 300 mm of every outlet box, junction
3. In raceways
box, cabinet, etc.
4. In outdoor locations supported by a messenger wire
Conductor Insulation – The conductor temperature insulation must be rated at 90°C
5. For Class 1 circuits
Sheath – The outer sheath of nonmetallic-sheathed cable shall comply with the following:
a. Type NM – Flame retardant and moisture resistant. 6. For non-power-limited fire alarm circuits
b. Type NMC – Flame retardant, moisture resistant, fungus resistant, and corrosion resistant. 7. In industrial establishments where there is regular maintenance and supervision.
c. Type NMS – Flame retardant and moisture resistant. The sheath shall be applied so as to 8. Where installed in wet locations and shall be resistant to moisture and corrosive agents.
separate the power conductors from the communications and signaling conductors.
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Art. 3.0 GENERAL REQUIREMENTS FOR WIRING METHODS Art. 3.0 GENERAL REQUIREMENTS FOR WIRING METHODS
AND MATERIALS AND MATERIALS
Art. 3.36 – Power and Control Tray Cable: Type TC Art. 3.38 – Service-entrance Cable: Types SE and USE
Uses Not Permitted – Type TC tray cable shall not be installed as follows: Service-Entrance Cable – A single conductor or multiconductor assembly provided with or
1. Exposed to physical damage without an overall covering, primarily used for services, and of the following types:
2. Installed outside a raceway or cable tray system, except as permitted. 1. Type SE – Cable with flame-retardant, moisture-resistant covering.
3. Exposed to direct rays of the sun, unless identified as sunlight resistant. 2. Type USE – Cable identified for underground use, having a moisture-resistant covering,
4. Direct buried, unless identified for such use. but not required to have a flame-retardant covering.

Bending Radius - Type TC cable without metal shielding, bending radius shall be as follows: Bending Radius – The radius of the curve of the inner edge shall not be less than 5 times the
1. 25mm or less in dia. cable – 4 times the overall diameter diameter of the cable.
2. Larger than 2 mm (1 in.) but not more than 50mm dia. – 5 times the overall diameter
3. Larger than 50mm in dia. – m 6 times the overall diameter

Type TC cables with metallic shielding shall have a minimum bending radius of not less than 12
times the cable overall diameter 41 42

Art. 3.0 GENERAL REQUIREMENTS FOR WIRING METHODS Art. 3.0 GENERAL REQUIREMENTS FOR WIRING METHODS
AND MATERIALS AND MATERIALS
Art. 3.40 – Underground Feeder and Branch-circuit Cable: Type UF Art. 3.40 – Underground Feeder and Branch-circuit Cable: Type UF
Underground Feeder and Branch-Circuit – A factory assembly of one or more insulated Type UF cable shall not be used as follows:
conductors with an integral or an overall covering of nonmetallic material suitable for direct 1. As service-entrance cable
burial in the earth. 2. In commercial garages
3. In theaters and similar locations
Type UF cable shall be permitted as follows: 4. In motion picture studios
1. For use underground, including direct burial in the earth 5. In storage battery rooms
2. As single-conductor cable 6. In hoistways or on elevators or escalators
3. Wiring in wet, dry, or corrosive locations recognized by the code 7. In hazardous (classified) locations
4. Installed as nonmetallic-sheathed cable 8. Embedded in poured cement, concrete, or aggregate, except where embedded in
5. For solar photovoltaic systems plaster as non-heating leads where permitted
6. As single-conductor cables as the non-heating leads for heating cables 9. Exposed to direct rays of the sun, unless identified as sunlight resistant
7. Supported by cable trays 10. Where subject to physical damage
43 11. As overhead cable, except where installed as messenger-supported wiring 44
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Art. 3.0 GENERAL REQUIREMENTS FOR WIRING METHODS Art. 3.0 GENERAL REQUIREMENTS FOR WIRING METHODS
AND MATERIALS AND MATERIALS
Art. 3.40 – Underground Feeder and Branch-circuit Cable: Type UF Art. 3.42 – Intermediate Metal Conduit: Type IMC
Bending Radius – The radius of the curve of the inner edge shall not be less than 5 times the Intermediate Metal Conduit – A steel threadable raceway of circular cross section designed for
diameter of the cable. the physical protection and routing of conductors and cables and for use as an equipment
grounding conductor when installed with its integral or associated coupling and appropriate
Conductors – The conductors shall be of sizes 2.0mm2 (1.6mm dia.) copper or 3.5mm2 fittings.
(2.0mm dia.) aluminum or copper-clad aluminum through 100 mm2 Uses Permitted:
1. All Atmospheric Conditions and Occupancies – IMC shall be permitted under all
Sheath – The overall covering shall be flame retardant; moisture, fungus, and corrosion atmospheric conditions and occupancies.
resistant; and suitable for direct burial in the earth. 2. Corrosion Environments – IMC, elbows, couplings, and fittings shall be permitted to be
installed in concrete, in direct contact with earth.
3. Cinder Fill – IMC shall be protected on all sides by a layer of non-cinder concrete not less
than 50 mm thick; where conduit is not less than 450 mm under the fill.
4. Wet Locations – All supports, bolts, straps, screws, and so forth, shall be of corrosion-
45 resistant materials or protected against corrosion by corrosion-resistant materials. 46

Art. 3.0 GENERAL REQUIREMENTS FOR WIRING METHODS Art. 3.0 GENERAL REQUIREMENTS FOR WIRING METHODS
AND MATERIALS AND MATERIALS
Art. 3.42 – Intermediate Metal Conduit: Type IMC Art. 3.42 – Intermediate Metal Conduit:
Size Type IMC
 Minimum – IMC smaller than raceway size 15 mm shall not be used. Securing and Supporting
 Maximum – IMC larger than raceway size 100 mm shall not be used. 1. Securely Fastened – 900mm
within of each outlet box,
Bends-Number in One Run – There shall not be more than 4 quarter bends (360-degree total) junction box, device box,
cabinet, conduit body, or other
Reaming and Threading – All cut ends shall be reamed to remove rough edges. Where conduit conduit termination.
is threaded in the field, a standard cutting die with a taper of 1 in 16 shall be used.

Marking – Conduits shall be durably marked at least every 1500 mm with the letters IMC.

An example of intermediate metal conduit supported by framing

Standard Length – 3000 mm, including an attached coupling and each end shall be threaded. members and securely fastened at 900mm (3ft) from the box.
47 48
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Art. 3.0 GENERAL REQUIREMENTS FOR WIRING METHODS Art. 3.0 GENERAL REQUIREMENTS FOR WIRING METHODS
AND MATERIALS AND MATERIALS
Art. 3.42 – Intermediate Metal Conduit: Type IMC
Securing and Supporting
2. Supports – IMC shall be supported in accordance with one of the following:
a. Conduits supported at intervals not exceeding 3000mm
b. Exposed vertical risers from industrial machinery or fixed equipment supported at
intervals not exceeding 6000mm.
c. Horizontal runs of IMC supported by openings through framing members at
intervals not exceeding 3000mm and securely fastened within 900mm.

Minimum fastening requirements for

intermediate metal conduit.

49 50

Art. 3.0 GENERAL REQUIREMENTS FOR WIRING METHODS Art. 3.0 GENERAL REQUIREMENTS FOR WIRING METHODS
AND MATERIALS AND MATERIALS
Art. 3.44 – Rigid Metal Conduit: Type RMC Art. 3.44 – Rigid Metal Conduit: Type RMC
Rigid Metal Conduit – A threadable raceway of circular cross section designed for the physical protection Size
and routing of conductors and cables and for use as an equipment grounding conductor when installed  Minimum – RMC smaller than raceway size 15 mm shall not be used.
with its integral or associated coupling and appropriate fittings. RMC is generally made of steel (ferrous)  Maximum – RMC larger than raceway size 150 mm shall not be used.
with protective coatings or aluminum (nonferrous). Special use types are silicon bronze and stainless
steel. Bends-Number in One Run - There shall not be more than 4 quarter bends. (360 degree total)
Uses Permitted:
1. All Atmospheric Conditions and Occupancies – RMC is permitted under all atmospheric conditions Reaming and Threading – All cut ends shall be reamed to remove rough edges. Where conduit is
and occupancies. Ferrous raceways and fittings protected from corrosion solely by enamel shall be threaded in the field, a standard cutting die with a taper of 1 in 16 shall be used.
permitted only indoors not subject to severe corrosive influences.
2. Corrosion Environments – RMC, elbows, couplings, and fittings shall be permitted to be installed in Marking – RMC shall be durably marked at least every 3000 mm. Nonferrous conduit of corrosion-
concrete, in direct contact with earth. resistant material shall have suitable markings.
3. Cinder Fill – RMC shall be protected on all sides by a layer of non-cinder concrete not less than 50
mm thick; where conduit is not less than 450 mm under the fill. Standard Length – 3000mm, including an attached coupling and each end shall be threaded. Longer or
4. Wet Locations – All supports, bolts, straps, screws, and so forth, shall be of corrosion- resistant shorter lengths with or without coupling and threaded or unthreaded shall be permitted.
materials or protected against corrosion by corrosion-resistant materials. 51 52
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Art. 3.0 GENERAL REQUIREMENTS FOR WIRING METHODS Art. 3.0 GENERAL REQUIREMENTS FOR WIRING METHODS
AND MATERIALS AND MATERIALS
Art. 3.44 – Rigid Metal Conduit: Type RMC Art. 3.44 – Rigid Metal Conduit: Type RMC
Securing and Supporting Securing and Supporting
1. Securely Fastened – 900 mm within of 2. Supports – RMC shall be supported in accordance with one of the following:
each outlet box, junction box, device a. Conduits supported at intervals not exceeding 3000mm.
box, cabinet, conduit body, or other b. Exposed vertical risers from industrial machinery or fixed equipment supported at intervals
conduit termination. not exceeding 6000mm.
c. Horizontal runs of RMC supported by openings through framing members at intervals not
exceeding 3000 mm and securely fastened within 900mm.

Minimum fastening requirements for

rigid metal conduit.

An example of rigid metal conduit supported by framing members

and securely fastened at 900mm (3ft) from the box.
53 54

Art. 3.0 GENERAL REQUIREMENTS FOR WIRING METHODS Art. 3.0 GENERAL REQUIREMENTS FOR WIRING METHODS
AND MATERIALS AND MATERIALS
Art. 3.48 – Flexible Metal Conduit: Type FMC
Flexible Metal Conduit – A raceway of circular cross section made of helically wound, formed,
interlocked metal strip.
Uses Permitted – FMC permitted to be used in exposed or concealed locations.

Uses Not Permitted:

1. Wet locations unless the conductors are approved for the specific condition
2. In hoistways other than as permitted
3. In storage battery rooms
4. In any hazardous (classified) location other than permitted
5. Exposed to materials with a deteriorating effect on the conductors (such as oil or gasoline)
6. Underground or embedded in poured concrete or aggregate
7. Where subject to physical damage
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Art. 3.0 GENERAL REQUIREMENTS FOR WIRING METHODS Art. 3.0 GENERAL REQUIREMENTS FOR WIRING METHODS
AND MATERIALS AND MATERIALS
Art. 3.48 – Flexible Metal Conduit: Type FMC Art. 3.48 – Flexible Metal Conduit: Type FMC
Size
 Minimum – FMC less than raceway size 15mm shall not be used.
 Maximum – FMC larger than raceway size 100mm shall not be used.

Trimmings – All cut ends shall be trimmed or finished to remove rough edges.

Securing and Supporting

 Securely Fastened and Supported – 300mm within of each outlet, junction, and device
box cabinet, conduit body, and supported at intervals within 1400mm.

Couplings and Connectors – Angle connectors shall not be used for concealed raceway. An example of acceptable and unacceptable applications of flexible metal conduit without separate equipment grounding
conductors used as a luminaire whip

57 58

Art. 3.0 GENERAL REQUIREMENTS FOR WIRING METHODS Art. 3.0 GENERAL REQUIREMENTS FOR WIRING METHODS
AND MATERIALS AND MATERIALS
Art. 3.48 – Liquidtight Flexible Metal Conduit: Type LFMC Art. 3.52 – Rigid Polyvinyl Chloride Conduit: Type PVC
Liquidtight Flexible Metal Conduit – A raceway of circular cross section having an outer Rigid PVC Conduit – A nonmetallic raceway of circular cross section, with integral or associated
liquidtight, nonmetallic, sunlight-resistant jacket over an inner flexible metal core with couplings, connectors, and fittings for the installation of electrical conductors and cables.
associated couplings, connectors, and fittings for the installation of electric conductors. Uses Permitted:
1. Concealed – Shall be permitted in walls, floors, and ceilings.
Uses Permitted (exposed or concealed locations) 2. Corrosive influences.
1. Operations requiring flexibility/protection from liquids, vapors, or solids. 3. Cinders – Rigid PVC conduit shall be permitted in cinder fill.
2. As permitted in other hazardous (classified) locations (specifically approved) 4. Wet locations – Rigid PVC shall be permitted in portion of dairies, laundries, canneries, or
3. Direct burial listed and marked for the purpose. other wet locations and in locations where walls are frequently washed.
5. Dry and damp locations
Uses Not Permitted: 6. Exposed – Rigid PVC shall be permitted for exposed work where not subject to physical
1. Where subject to physical damage. damage.
2. Combination of ambient and conductor temperature in excess of the approve. 7. Underground installations
8. Support of conduit bodies
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Art. 3.0 GENERAL REQUIREMENTS FOR WIRING METHODS Art. 3.0 GENERAL REQUIREMENTS FOR WIRING METHODS
AND MATERIALS AND MATERIALS
Art. 3.52 – Rigid Polyvinyl Chloride Conduit: Type PVC Art. 3.52 – Rigid Polyvinyl Chloride Conduit: Type PVC
Uses Not Permitted: Trimmings – All cut ends shall be trimmed inside and
1. In hazardous (classified) locations - Class 1, Division 2 outside to remove rough edges.
2. Support of luminaires (fixtures)
3. Where subject to physical damage Securing and Supporting
4. Ambient temperatures in excess of 50°C unless listed otherwise Securely Fastened and Supported – 900mm within of
5. Insulation temperature limitations each outlet, junction, and device box cabinet, conduit
6. Theaters and similar locations body. Fastened so that thermal expansion and
contraction is permitted.
Size
 Minimum – Rigid PVC Conduit less than raceway size 15 mm shall not be used. Bushings – Bushing or adapter shall be provided to
 Maximum – Rigid PVC Conduit larger than raceway size 150 mm shall not be used. protect the wire from abrasion.

Marking – Rigid PVC Conduit shall be durably marked

61 at least every 3000mm. 62

Art. 3.0 GENERAL REQUIREMENTS FOR WIRING METHODS Art. 3.0 GENERAL REQUIREMENTS FOR WIRING METHODS
AND MATERIALS AND MATERIALS
Art. 3.53 – High Density Polyethylene Conduit: Type HDPE Conduit Art. 3.53 – High Density Polyethylene Conduit: Type HDPE Conduit
High Density Polyethylene Conduit – A nonmetallic raceway of circular cross section, with Size
associated couplings, connectors, and fittings for the installation of electrical conductors.  Minimum – HDPE less than raceway size 15 mm shall not be used.
Uses Permitted:  Maximum – HDPE larger than raceway size 100 mm shall not be used.
1. Discrete lengths or in continuous lengths from a reel.
2. Locations subject to severe corrosive influences, and where subject to chemicals which the Trimmings – All cut ends shall be trimmed inside and outside to remove rough edges.
materials are specifically approved.
3. In cinder fill. Bushings – Bushing or adapter shall be provided to protect the wire from abrasion unless the
4. In direct burial installation in earth or concrete. box, fitting, or enclosure design provides equivalent protection.
Uses Not Permitted:
1. Where exposed Marking – HDPE shall be durably marked at least every 3000 mm. Type of material shall also be
2. Within a building included.
3. In hazardous (classified) locations, except as permitted.
4. Ambient temperatures in excess of 50°C unless listed otherwise.
5. Higher than the listed operating temperature. 63 64
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Art. 3.0 GENERAL REQUIREMENTS FOR WIRING METHODS Art. 3.0 GENERAL REQUIREMENTS FOR WIRING METHODS
AND MATERIALS AND MATERIALS
Art. 3.53 – Nonmetallic Underground Conduit with Conductors: Type NUCC Art. 3.53 – Nonmetallic Underground Conduit with
Nonmetallic Underground Conduit with Conductors – A factory assembly of conductors/cables Conductors: Type NUCC
inside a nonmetallic, smooth wall conduit. Size
Uses Permitted:  Minimum – NUCC less than raceway size 15
1. Direct burial underground installations mm shall not be used.
2. Encased or embedded in concrete  Maximum – NUCC larger than raceway size
3. In cinder fill 100 mm shall not be used.
4. In underground locations subject to severe corrosive influences, and where subject to
chemicals which the materials are specifically approved. Trimmings – All cut ends shall be trimmed inside and
outside to remove rough edges.
Uses Not Permitted:
1. In exposed locations Bushings – Bushing or adapter shall be provided to
2. Inside buildings protect the wire from abrasion unless the box, fitting, or
enclosure design provides equivalent protection.
65 66

Marking – NUCC shall be marked at least every 3000

Art. 3.0 GENERAL REQUIREMENTS FOR WIRING METHODS Art. 3.0 GENERAL REQUIREMENTS FOR WIRING METHODS
AND MATERIALS AND MATERIALS
Art. 3.56 – Liquidtight Flexible Nonmetallic Conduit: Type LFNC Art. 3.56 – Liquidtight Flexible Nonmetallic Conduit: Type LFNC
Liquidtight Flexible Nonmetallic Conduit – A raceway of circular cross section of various types as Uses Permitted:
follows: 1. Uses Not Permitted Flexibility is required for installation, operation, or maintenance.
2. Protection for contained conductors is required.
 Type LFNC-A – A smooth seamless inner core and cover bonded together and having 3. Outdoor locations where listed and marked for the purpose.
one or more reinforcement layers between the core and covers. 4. Direct burial where listed and marked for the purpose.
 Type LFNC-B – A smooth inner surface with integral reinforcement within the conduit 5. Type LFNC-B permitted in lengths longer than 1800 mm.
wall. 6. Type LFNC-B as a prewired assembly, raceway size 15 mm through 25 mm conduits.
 Type LFNC-C – A corrugated internal & external surface without integral reinforcement
within the conduit. Uses Not Permitted:
1. Where subject to physical damage.
2. Ambient and conductor temperature in excess of that for which LFNC is approved.
3. In lengths longer than 1800mm or longer length required degree of flexibility.
4. Operating voltage in excess of 600V.
67 5. In any hazardous (classified) location other than as permitted 68
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Art. 3.0 GENERAL REQUIREMENTS FOR WIRING METHODS Art. 3.0 GENERAL REQUIREMENTS FOR WIRING METHODS
AND MATERIALS AND MATERIALS
Size Art. 3.58 – Electrical Metallic Tubing : Type EMT
Minimum – NUCC less than raceway size 15 mm shall not be used. Electrical Metallic Tubing – An unthreaded thin wall raceway of circular cross section designed
Maximum – NUCC larger than raceway size 100 mm shall not be used. for the physical protection and routing of conductors and cables and for use as an equipment
grounding conductor when installed utilizing appropriate fittings. EMT is generally made of steel
Trimmings – All cut ends shall be trimmed inside and outside to remove rough edges. (ferrous) with protective coatings or aluminum (nonferrous).

Bushings – Bushing or adapter shall be provided to protect the wire from abrasion unless the Uses Permitted:
box, fitting, or enclosure design provides equivalent protection. 1. Exposed and concealed works.
2. Areas subject to severe corrosive influences protected by corrosion protection.
Marking – NUCC shall be marked at least every 3000 mm including the type of material used. 3. Areas of wet locations where materials shall be made of corrosion-resistant materials.

69 70

Art. 3.0 GENERAL REQUIREMENTS FOR WIRING METHODS Art. 3.0 GENERAL REQUIREMENTS FOR WIRING METHODS
AND MATERIALS AND MATERIALS
Art. 3.58 – Electrical Metallic Tubing : Type EMT Art. 3.58 – Electrical Metallic Tubing : Type EMT
Uses Not Permitted: Reaming – All cut ends shall be rimmed or otherwise finished to remove rough edges.
1. Where subject to physical damage.
2. Protected from corrosion solely by enamel. Threading – EMT shall not be threaded.
3. In cinder concrete or cinder fills subject to permanent moisture.
4. In any hazardous (classified) location except as permitted. Securing and Supporting
5. Support of luminaires (fixtures) or other equipment. Securely Fastened and Supported – 900mm within of each outlet, junction, and device box
6. Where practicable, dissimilar metals in contact anywhere in the system. cabinet, conduit body, and supported and fastened at intervals within 3000mm.

Size Marking – EMT shall be durably marked at least every 3000mm.

 Minimum – EMT less than raceway size 15 mm shall not be used.
 Maximum – EMT larger than raceway size 100 mm shall not be used.

71 72
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Art. 3.0 GENERAL REQUIREMENTS FOR WIRING METHODS Art. 3.0 GENERAL REQUIREMENTS FOR WIRING METHODS
AND MATERIALS AND MATERIALS
Art. 3.58 – Electrical Metallic Tubing : Type EMT Art. 3.60 – Flexible Metallic Tubing: Type FMT
Flexible Metallic Tubing – A raceway that is
circular in cross section, flexible, metallic, and
liquidtight without a nonmetallic jacket.

Size
Minimum – FMT less than raceway size 15 mm
shall not be used
Minimum fastening requirements for electrical metal tubing. Maximum – FMT larger than raceway size 20
mm shall not be used
Example of an EMT installation

73 74

Art. 3.0 GENERAL REQUIREMENTS FOR WIRING METHODS Art. 3.0 GENERAL REQUIREMENTS FOR WIRING METHODS
AND MATERIALS AND MATERIALS
Art. 3.60 – Flexible Metallic Tubing: Type FMT Art. 3.62 – Electrical Nonmetallic Tubing: Type ENT
Uses Permitted: Electrical Nonmetallic Tubing – A nonmetallic pliable corrugated raceway of circular cross
1. In dry locations section with integral or associated couplings, connectors, and fittings for the installation of
2. Where concealed electric conductors. ENT is composed of a material that is resistant to moisture and chemical
3. In accessible locations atmospheres and is flame retardant.
4. For system voltages of 1000 volts maximum
A pliable raceway can be bent by hand with a reasonable force but without other assistance
Uses Not Permitted:
1. In hoistways Size
2. In storage battery rooms Minimum – ENT less than raceway size 15mm shall not be used.
3. In hazardous (classified) locations unless permitted Maximum – ENT larger than raceway size 50mm shall not be used.
4. Burial purposes, embedded in concrete or aggregate
5. Where subject to physical damage
6. In lengths over 1800mm
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Art. 3.0 GENERAL REQUIREMENTS FOR WIRING METHODS Art. 3.0 GENERAL REQUIREMENTS FOR WIRING METHODS
AND MATERIALS AND MATERIALS
Art. 3.62 – Electrical Nonmetallic Tubing: Type Art. 3.62 – Electrical Nonmetallic Tubing: Type ENT
ENT Trimmings – All cut ends shall be trimmed inside and outside to remove rough edges.
Uses Permitted: Uses Not Permitted:
1. Subject to severe corrosive influences 1. In hazardous (classified) locations unless Securing and Supporting
2. Concealed, dry, and damp locations (not permitted  Securely Fastened and Supported – 900mm within of each outlet, junction, and device
prohibited) 2. Support of luminaires (fixtures) or other box cabinet, conduit body, and supported and fastened at intervals within 900mm.
3. Above suspended ceilings (w/ 15 min. equipment
finish rating) 3. Ambient temp. in excess of 50°C (unless Construction – ENT shall be made of materials that do not exceed ignitability, flammability,
4. Encased in poured concrete, embedded in listed) smoke generation, and toxicity characteristics of rigid (non-plasticized) polyvinyl chloride.
concrete slab 4. Direct earth burial
5. Wet locations indoors 5. Exposed locations (except permitted) Marking – ENT shall be durably marked at least every 3000 mm including type, size, and
6. Raceway, 15mm through 25mm prewired 6. Theaters and similar locations quantity of conductors included.
assembly 7. Where subject to physical damage, direct
rays of sun
77 78

Art. 3.0 GENERAL REQUIREMENTS FOR WIRING METHODS Art. 3.0 GENERAL REQUIREMENTS FOR WIRING METHODS
AND MATERIALS AND MATERIALS
Art. 3.66 – Auxiliary Gutters Art. 3.66 – Auxiliary Gutters
Metallic Auxiliary Gutters – Sheet metal Uses Permitted – Shall be permitted to supplement wiring spaces at meter centers, distribution
enclosures with hinged or removable covers centers, switchboards, and similar points of wiring systems and may enclose conductors or
for housing and protecting electric wires, busbars.
cable, and busbars in which conductors are 1. Sheet Metal Auxiliary Gutters
laid in place after the wireway. a. Indoor and Outdoor Use
b. Wet Locations
Nonmetallic Auxiliary Gutters – Flame 2. Nonmetallic Auxiliary Gutters
retardant, nonmetallic enclosures with a. Indoor and Outdoor Use
removable covers for housing and protecting
electric wires, cable, and busbars in which Uses Not Permitted – Auxiliary Gutters shall not be used in the following:
conductors are laid in place after the wireway. 1. To enclose switches, overcurrent devices, appliances, or other similar equipment.
2. To extend a greater distance than 9000 mm beyond the equipment that it supplements.
79 80
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Art. 3.0 GENERAL REQUIREMENTS FOR WIRING METHODS Art. 3.0 GENERAL REQUIREMENTS FOR WIRING METHODS
AND MATERIALS AND MATERIALS
Art. 3.66 – Auxiliary Gutters Art. 3.68 – Busways
Number of Conductors – The total area of conductors shall not exceed 20% of the gutter. Busways – A grounded metal enclosure containing factory-mounted, bare or insulated
conductors, which are usually a copper or aluminum bars, rods, or tubes.
Securing and Supporting Uses Permitted:
 Sheet Metal Auxiliary Gutters – Shall be supported at intervals within 1500mm. 1. Exposed – Shall be located in the open where visible.
 Nonmetallic Auxiliary Gutters – Shall be supported at intervals within 900mm. 2. Concealed – Shall be permitted behind access panels, provided busways are totally
enclosed, of non-ventilating type construction.
3. Through Walls and Floors – Shall be installed in walls of unbroken lengths and floor
penetrations.
Uses Not Permitted:
1. Where subject to physical damage or corrosive vapors.
2. Installed in hoistways.
3. In hazardous (classified) locations unless permitted.
4. Installed outdoors or in wet or damp locations.
81 5. Working platforms of lighting and trolley busway less than 2400mm above the floor. 82

Art. 3.0 GENERAL REQUIREMENTS FOR WIRING METHODS Art. 3.0 GENERAL REQUIREMENTS FOR WIRING METHODS
AND MATERIALS AND MATERIALS
Art. 3.68 – Busways Art. 3.68 – Busways
Support – Busways shall be securely supported at Neutral – Neutral bus, where required shall be sized to
intervals not exceeding 1500mm. carry all neutral load current, including harmonic
currents, and shall have adequate momentary and
Dead Ends – A dead end of a busway shall be closed. short-current rating.
Marking – Each busway run shall be provided with a
Grounding – Busway shall be grounded permanent nameplate with the following:
 Rated voltage
Requirements for Over 600 Volts, Nominal  Rated continuous current
 Barriers and Seals - Vapor Seals and Fire  Rated frequency
Barriers  Rated impulse withstand voltage
An example of busway mounted in the space
 Drain Facilities  Rated 60-Hz withstand voltage (dry)
above a hung ceiling
 Adjacent and Supporting Structures  Rated momentary current
 Ventilated Bus Enclosures  Manufacturer's name or trademark
 Terminations, Connections, Switches 83 84
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Art. 3.0 GENERAL REQUIREMENTS FOR WIRING METHODS Art. 3.0 GENERAL REQUIREMENTS FOR WIRING METHODS
AND MATERIALS AND MATERIALS
Art. 3.70 – Cablebus Art. 3.70 – Cablebus
Cablebus – an assembly of units or sections Size and Number of Conductors – Conductors shall
with insulated conductors having associated not be smaller than 50mm2.
fittings forming a structural system used to
securely fasten or support conductors and Conductor Supports – Individual conductors in a
conductor terminations in a completely cablebus shall be supported at intervals not greater
enclosed, ventilated, protective metal housing. than 900mm for horizontal runs and 450mm for
This assembly is designed to carry fault current vertical runs.
and to withstand the magnetic forces of such
current. Support – Cable bus shall be securely supported at
intervals not exceeding 3600mm.
Cablebus is an assembly of sections with insulated
Types of Conductors – Conductors shall have conductors forming a structural system used to
Marking – Each section shall be marked with
insulation rating of 75°C or higher. A section of cablebus with conductors in place securely support conductors in a protective metal
and ventilated top cover ready to be attached to manufacturer’s name or trade designation and the housing. The assembly is designed to carry fault
the busway frame. maximum diameter, number, voltage rating, and current and to withstand the magnetic forces of
85 ampacity of the conductors to be installed. such current. 86

Art. 3.0 GENERAL REQUIREMENTS FOR WIRING METHODS Art. 3.0 GENERAL REQUIREMENTS FOR WIRING METHODS
AND MATERIALS AND MATERIALS
Other Approved Wiring Methods By P.E.C. Other Approved Wiring Methods By P.E.C.
 Cellular Floor Raceways (Concrete And Metal) – The hollow spaces of cellular metal floors,  Strut-Type Channel Raceway – A metallic raceway mounted to the surface of or suspended
together with suitable fittings, that may be approved as enclosures for electric conductors. from a structure, with associated accessories for the installation of electrical conductors
and cables.
 Wireways:
 Metal Wireways – Sheet metal troughs with hinged or removable covers for housing  Surface Raceways (Metal and Non-Metal) – A raceway that is intended to be mounted to
and protecting electric wires and cable and in which conductors are laid in place after the surface of a structure, with associated couplings, connectors, boxes, and fittings for the
the wireway. installation of electrical conductors.
 Nonmetallic Wireways – Flame retardant, nonmetallic troughs with removable covers for
housing and protecting electric wires and cables in which conductors are laid in place  Messenger Supported Wiring – An exposed wiring support system using a messenger wire
after the wireway. to support insulated conductors.

 Concealed Knob-and-Tube-Wiring – A wiring method using knobs, tubes, and flexible

nonmetallic tubing for the protection and support of single insulated conductors.
87 88