Questions from various topics.
students can add other important questions in this chart during
reading .
SUPERIOR EXTREMITY
LONG QUESTIOS SHORT NOTES
1. Brachial Plexus 1. Rotator cuff/Musculotendinous cuff of shoulder
2. Mammary Gland 2. Rotator cuff syndrome/painful arc syndrome
3. Shoulder Joint 3. Anastomosis around scapula.
4. Fascial spaces of hand. 4. Anastomosis around elbow joint.
5. Elbow joint 5. Ulnar artery
6. Radial nerve/posterior 6. Radial Artery
interosseus nerve 7. Palmar arch(Superficial & deep)
7. Cubital Fossa (LQ/SN) 8. Lymphatic drainage of breast.
8. Ulnar nerve 9. Histology of breast
9. Median nerve 10. Profunda brachii artery.
10. Axillary nerve/circumflex 11. Flexor retinaculum
nerve 12. Extensor retinaculum
11. Intermuscular spaces 13. Carpal tunnel syndrome
12. Axilla 14. Palmar aponeurosis
13. Axillary artery 15. Dupuytren’s contracture
Ennummerate the intrinsic /small 16. Claw hand
muscles of hand ,its origin,insertion 17. Ulnar paradox
,Nerve supply & action 18. Erb’s Paralysis
Etc 19. Klumpke’s Paralysis
20. Winging of Scapula.
21. Wrist drop
22. Cubital Fossa (LQ/SN)
23. Anatomical Snuff Box
24. Muscles of various compartments of arm &
forearm
25. Clavipectoral Fascia
26. Diagram of a typical thoracic spinal nerve
27. Musculocutaneous nerve
28. Lumbricals
29. Interossei
30. Sensory innervation of hand
Etc
Inferior extremity
Long questions Short notes
Femoral Triangle Femoral sheath
Knee joint Femoral canal
Hip joint Femoral ring
Popliteal fossa Femoral artery
Venous drainage of lower limb Femoral nerve
Arches of the foot Iliotibial tract
Ankle joint Anastomosis around knee joint
Femoral nerve Profunda brachii artery
Sciatic nerve Great saphenous vein
Femoral artery Anastomosis on the back of thigh
Adductor canal Anastomosis around knee joint
Etc Trendelenberg test,lurching gait/waddling gait
Cruciate anastomosis
Fascia lata
Hamstring muscles & their characteristics
Triceps surae
Quadriceps femoris
Lumbricals
Interossei
Popliteus muscle
Muscles- of various compartments of thigh &
leg.layers of sole
Nerves- femoral nerve,obturator n,sup gluteal
n.,inferior gluteal n.,n to obt internus,nerve to
Quadratus femoris
Sciatic nerve,Common peroneal nerve,sup
peroneal n,deep peroneal n,tibial nerve.
Sciatic bed
Flexor retinaculum & Structures passing below it.
Extensor retinaculum & Structures passing below
it.
Dorsalis pedis artery
Varicose veins
Arterial arch of the foot
Inversion/eversion at ankle joint
Locking/unlocking at knee joint
Structures passing through greater Sciatic
foramen & lesser Sciatic foramen
Sciatica
Prolapse intervertebral disc
Foot drop
Plantar fasciitis
Femoral hernia
Housemaid’s knee,Clergymen’s knee
Etc
Thorax
Long questions Short notes
Thoracic cage,thoracic inlet & outlet Thoracic duct
Intercostal space & Internal mammary artery
contents(muscle,nerve,vessels) Diagrams of rt & lt lungs(medial surface)
Mediastinum Bronchopulmonary segments
Pleura Blood supply of heart
Lungs Coronary sinus
Pericardium Interior of rt atrium,lt atrium
Ext features of heart &interior & openings in Interior of ventricles
Right atrium,other chambers Openings in the rt atrium
Blood supply of heart(artery supply& venous T.S of Thorax at the level T4,T5
drainage) Arch of aorta & branches
Diaphragm Descending Thoracic aorta
Azygos Venous system Typical thoracic spinal nerve
Esophagus Typical Intercostal nerve
Trachea Cervical rib
Etc Etc
Abdomen
Long questions Short notes
Muscles of anterior abdominal wall
Rectus sheath Epiploic foramen
Inguinal canal & inguinal hernia Lesser sac
Stomach Pouch of douglas
Duodenum. Greater omentum/lesser omentum
Appendix Mesentery
Rectum Peritoneal recesses
Anal canal Pouch of douglas
Pancreas Morrisson’s pouch
Liver Celiac trunk
Extrahepatic biliary apparatus Superior mesenteric artery
Kidney Inferior mesenteric artery
Urinary bladder Conjoint tendon
Ureter Caput medusae
Suprarenal gland Fascia transversalis
Spleen Superficial inguinal ring
Abdominal aorta Deep inguinal ring
Inferior vena cava Inguinal canal
Portal Vein & portocaval anastomosis Stomach bed
Uterus Blood supply of stomach
Fallopian tube Lymphatic drainage of stomach
ovary Second part of duodenum relations
Prostate Portal vein
Urethra Portocaval anastomosis
Peritoneum,vertical & horizontal transposition of Ligaments attached to spleen
peritoneum Porta hepatis
Perineum & difference between superficial & Bare areas of liver`
Deep perineal pouch Relations of pancreas
Diaphragm Relations of kidney
Etc. Coverings of kidney
Blood supply of Kidney
Thoracolumbar fascia
Blood supply of suprarenal gland
Difference between jejunum & ileum
Difference between small intestine & large
intestine
Cisterna chyli
Descent of testes
Spermatic cord
Palmpiniform plexus
Varicocele
Cremaster muscle & cremasteric reflex
Inguinal hernia (direct & indirect)
Layers of scrotum & nerve supply
Testes & blood supply
Epididymis
Vas deferens
Ischioanal fossa
Pudendal canal
Pudendal nerve
Internal pudendal artery
Internal iliac artery
Supports of uterus
Blood supply & lymphatic drainage of uterus
Ovary
Ovarian fossa
Fallopian tube
Age changes of prostate
BHP(benign hypertrophy of prstate)
Batson’s venous plexus
Pelvic floor
Pelvic diaphragm
Levator anii
Lumbar plexus
Sacral plexus
Perineal membranes (Male & female)
Nervi erigentes
Abdominal aorta
Inferior vena cava
Psoas major muscle
Peritoneal relations of rectum
Supports of rectum
Development of anal canal & correlation with
nerve supply
Haemorroids/piles
Anal fissures, fistula in ano
Etc.
Head & neck
Long questions Short notes
Scalp Bell’s palsy
Muscles of facial expression Black eye
Parotid gland Ansa cervicalis/hypoglossi
Thyroid gland Carotid sheath
Temporomandibular joint Styloid apparatus
Muscles of mastication. Vertebral artery
Tongue Sternocleidomastoid muscle
Tonsil Lateral wall of nose,blood supply
Palate Nasal septum,blood supply
Pharynx Kisselbach plexus
Nose & paranasal sinuses Waldeyer’s ring
Larynx Passavant’s ridge
Submandibular gland Tonsil & tonsillar bed
Anterior triangle,its subdivisions,contents Piriform fossa
Posterior triangle,its subdivisions,contents Constrictor’s of pharynx
Temporal fossa & contents Killian’s dehiscence/Pharyngeal diverticulum
Infratemporal fossa & contents Pharynorympanic tube/Auditory tube
Maxillary artery External ear,nerve supply,blood supply
External carotid artery Tympanic membrane
Mandibular nerve Ear ossicles
Maxillary nerve Cochlea
Ophthalmic nerve Semicircular canal
cranial nerves I to XII Eyeball
Sub clavian artery Layers of retina
Common carotid & Internal carotid artery Layers of cornea
Internal jugular vein Otic ganglia
Suboccipital triangle Submandibular ganglia
Extra ocular muscles Pterygopalatine ganglia
Give a note on Meninges. ciliary ganglia
Classify dural venous sinuses & explain cavernous cervical pleura
sinus in detail cervical plexus
Give a note on Parasympathetic phrenic nerve
ganglia(otic,submandibular,pterygopalatine,ciliary) Atlnto-occipital joint
Parathyroid glands Atlanto axial joint
Pituitary gland Optic nerve
Middle ear Nasociliary nerve
Internal ear Superior orbital fissure
Visual pathway Etc
Olfactory pathway
Auditory pathway
Etc
Brain
Long questions Short notes
Meninges Structure of a neuron, classification
Spinal cord(External features,internal features,blood Reflex arc
supply) Motor unit
Cerebral hemisphere(external features,functional Synapse
areas,blood supply) Wallerian degeneration
Different fibres in cerebral hemisphere & discuss Internal Myelination
capsule in detail Sensory receptors
Cerebellum(Features,parts,nuclei,affarents,efferents,blood Muscle spindles
supply,applied) UMN(Upper motor neuron)
Fourth ventricle &Floor of fourth ventricle (Diagram) LMN
Lateral ventricle Circle of willis(circulus arteriosus)
Third ventricle BBB(blood brain barrier)
Basal ganglia (Features,parts,affarents,efferents, blood Monro kelly doctrine
supply applied)& parkinsonism Diagrams of T.S. of Midbrain (2
Thalamus(Features,parts,affarents,efferents, blood supply sections),Pons (2 Sections) & Medulla
,applied) (3 sections)
Hypothalamus(Features,parts,affarents,efferents, blood Medial medullary syndrome (Dejerine
supply ,applied) syndrome)
Lateral medullary
CSF & Flow of CSF syndrome(Wallenberg syndrome or
Interpeduncular cisterns PICA Syndrome)
Ascending & descending tracts Millard-Gubler syndrome
Reticular activating system Raymond foville syndrome
Limbic system Pontine hemorrhage
Visual pathway Weber syndrome
taste pathway Benedict syndrome
Auditory pathway Parinaud syndrome
Etc Hemiplegia
Cerebral pedincle
Interpeduncular fossa
Nuclei of spinal cord & rexed lamina
Lumbar puncture
Modifications of Duramater
Modifications of Piamater
Cauda equina
Filum terminale
Facial colliculus
Gustatory receptor/taste bud
Olfactory receptor
Corpora quadrigemina (Superior
colliculus & inferior colliculus)
Lateral geniculate body
Medial geniculate body
Medial longitudinal fasciculus
Nucleus tractus solitarius
Caudate nucleus
Lentiform nucleus
Substantia nigra
Red nucleus
Mammillary bodies
Medial lemniscus
Trigeminal lemnicus
Spinal lemniscus
Lateral lemniscus
claustram
Nucleus ambiguus
Papez circuit
Vertebral artery
Basilar artery
Internal carotid artery
Corpus callosum
Amygdala
Cerebellar nuclei, affarents & efferents
Cerebellar glomerulus
Suprior ,middle & inferior cerebellar
peduncles & tracts passing through.
Fornix
Hydrocephalus
Syringomyelia
Brown Sequard syndrome
(Hemisection of spinal cord)
Complete transection of cord
Cauda equina syndrome
UMN lesion
LMN lesion
Etc
Embryology
Spermatogenesis, structure of a sperm.spermiogenesis
Oogenesis
Graafian follicle
Zona pellucida
Corpus luteum, corpus atreticum, corpus albicans
Capacitation
Acrosomal reaction
Fertilisation
IVF(in vitro fertilisation)
Blastocyst
Morula
implantation
Gastrulation
Decidual reaction
Connecting stalk
Foldings of embryo
Amnion
Yolk sac
Chorion
Allantois
Primitive streak
Prochordal plate
Notochord
Placenta
Placental barrier
Umbilical cord
Teratogenesis
Amniocentesis
Chorionic villi sampling
Twins (dizygotic & monozygotic )
Dervatives of mesoderm
Dervatives of Germ layers (ectoderm,mesoderm,endoderm)
Dervatives of ectoderm
Dervatives of endoderm
Neuroectoderm
Neural crest
Development of mammary gland
Development of Adrenal gland(Suprarenal gland)
Development of tympanic membrane
Pharyngeal arches derivatives
Pharyngeal pouch(endodermal) derivatives
Pharyngeal cleft
muscles derived from pharyngeal arches
Nerves derived from pharyngeal arches
Skeletal elements derived from pharyngeal arches
arteries derived from pharyngeal arches
Development of Thymus
Development of Thyroid
Development of parathyroid
Development of palatine tonsil
Somites
Development of face & parotid gland
Development of palate
Cleft lip
Cleft palate
Development of GI System
Development of Cardiovascular system
Development of Genitourinary system
Development of CNS
Development of Diaphragm
Development of Pituitary
Development of Tongue
Development of tooth
Development of esophagus
Development of stomach
Development of duodenum
Rotation of midgut
Malrotation of midgut
Development of Pancreas
Development of liver & gall bladder
Derivatives from Septum transversum
Development of spleen
Development of anal canal
Derivatives of Foregut
Derivatives of midgut
Derivatives of hindgut
Meckel’s diverticulum, umbilical sinus, vitelline cyst
Congenital Umbilical hernia
Tracheo-oesophageal fistula
Annular pancreas
Cervical sinus
Thyroglossal cyst
Ankyloglossia
Situs inversus
Imperforate anus
Bochdalek hernia(Diaphragm)
Morgagnian hernia(Diaphragm)
Laryngocele
Development of Heart (rt atrium)
Development of Heart (,lt atrium)
Development of Heart (rt ventricle)
Development of Heart (lt ventricle)
Derivatives of Pharyngeal arch arteries (Arch of aorta)
Derivatives of Pharyngeal arch arteries (subclavian artery)
Derivatives of Pharyngeal arch arteries (external & internal carotid artery)
Ductus arteriosus
Axis artery of upper limb & lower limb
Pericardium
Fetal circulation. & changes occur after birth.
Development of interatrial septum
Development of interventricular septum
Sinus venosus
ASD(atrial septal defect)
VSD(Ventricular septal defect)
TOF (Tetralogy of fallot)
Coarctation of aorta
PDA(patent ductus arteriosus)
Dextrocardia
TGA(Transpostion of great arteries)
Derivatives of Pharyngeal arch arteries
Development of Portal vein
Development of Inferior vena cava
Development of Superior vena cava
Development of Azygos vein
Development of veins of brain
Development of vertebral artery
Development of Kidney
Developmental anomalies of kidney
Write a note on Primitive UGS (urogenital sinus)
Development of urinary bladder
Development of male urethra
Development of female urethra
Development of male genital system
Development of female genital system
Derivatives of Mesonephric duct(Wolffian duct) & tubules in Male .
remnants of Mesonephric duct(Wolffian duct) & tubules in female
Derivatives of Para-Mesonephric duct.(Mullerian duct) & tubule in female
remnants of Para-Mesonephric duct.(Mullerian duct) & tubule in male
Develoment of uterus & its anomalies
Polycystic kidney
Horseshoe kidney
Ectopia Vescicae
Epispadias
Hypospadias
Descent of testes
Cryptorchidism
Ectopic testes
Rectovaginal fistula
Rectvescical fistula
Development of CNS.
Etc
Genetics & General anatomy
Classification of chromosomes
Diagram of chromosome
Karyotyping
Lyon’s hypothesis
Barr bodies
Mitosis & Meiosis
Nondisjunction
Down syndrome
Turner’s Syndrome
Klinefelter’s syndrome
Edward Syndrome
Patau Sundrome
Mosaicism
idiogram
Sex chromatin
Sex linked inheritance
Autosomal dominant inheritance
Autosomal recessive inheritence
Allele
Chimerism
Pedigree chart
Gene polymorphism
Classification of bones with examples (LQ)
Sesamoid bone with examples
Pneumatic bone with examples
Long bones with examples
Diagram of adult long bone
Diagram of young long bone
Epiphysis (Different types with example)
Blood supply of long bones
Ossification
Medicolegal & anthropometric aspect of bones
Hyaline cartilage
Elastic cartilage
Fibrocartilage
Classification of joints with examples (LQ)
Hilton’s law & Gardener’s law of nerve supply to a joint
Fibrous joint
Cartilaginous joint
Synovial joints
Skeletal muscle
Smooth muscle
Cardiac muscle
Sarcomere
Different fascicular architecture of muscle with examples
Hybrid muscle
Muscle spindle
Motor unit
Motor point
Muscle groups (Prime movers,Antagonist muscle,Fixators,synergists)
Spurt muscle
Shunt Muscle
Difference between arteries & veins
Large,medium,small size arteries
Large,medium,small size veins
Distributing vessels
Resistance vessels
Exchange vessels
Reservoir vessels
Pulmonary circulation
Portal circulation
Anastomosis
Capillaries
Sinusoids
End arteries
Blood supply of arteries
Aneurysm
Varicose vein
Comparison of lymph capillaries & blood capillaries
Central lymphatic tissue
Lymph node
Mononuclear phagocytic system
Central nervous system & peripheral nervous system
Neuron parts diagram & classification with examples
Neuroglia
BBB (blood brain barrier)
Reflex arc
Diagram of typical thoracic spinal nerve
Sympathetic & parasympathetic nervous system
Syringomyelia
