Cloud Computing: Concepts,

Models, and Applications

By
Dr. Hema N, CSE/IT, JIIT
 Topics
• Introduction to cloud computing
• Characteristics of cloud computing
• Cloud models
• Cloud based services and applications
• Cloud technologies

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 Introduction to Cloud Computing
• Definition: Cloud computing is a technology that
allows users to access computing resources (like
servers, storage, databases, and software) over the
internet instead of relying on physical hardware.
• Key Idea: Instead of storing data and running software
on a personal computer, users can use cloud-based
services anywhere, anytime.
• Examples:
• Google Drive & Dropbox – Store files online and access
them from any device.
• Microsoft OneDrive – Allows users to collaborate on
documents from different locations.
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 Why Cloud Computing?

JIIT file server 172.16.68.31 Google Class Room

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From: https://www.simplilearn.com Dr. Hema N, CSE/IT 4
 Introduction

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From: https://www.simplilearn.com Dr. Hema N, CSE/IT 5
 Introduction

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From: https://www.simplilearn.com Dr. Hema N, CSE/IT 6
 Introduction

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 What is Cloud Computing?
Cloud computing is the delivery of on-demand IT resources over
the internet

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From: https://www.simplilearn.com Dr. Hema N, CSE/IT 8
 Benefits of Cloud Computing
• Reduces hardware costs → No need to buy expensive
servers.
• Provides on-demand access → Use resources when
needed.
• Scalability & flexibility → Businesses can scale up or down
based on demand.
• Security → Cloud providers offer advanced encryption.
Example:
• Startups & Businesses → A small company can start with
minimal cloud resources and increase usage as they grow.
• Spotify → Uses cloud computing to stream music efficiently
worldwide

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 History & Evolution of Cloud
Computing
• 1960s → Concept of time-sharing computing.
• 2000s → Amazon launches AWS (first major
cloud service).
• 2010s → Cloud computing becomes widely
adopted by businesses.

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 Key Characteristics of Cloud
Computing
Cloud computing has five essential characteristics:
• On-Demand Self-Service – Users can access computing
resources anytime.
• Broad Network Access – Available from multiple devices
(phones, laptops, etc.).
• Resource Pooling – Multiple users share computing
resources.
• Rapid Elasticity – Resources scale up/down based on
demand.
• Measured Service – Users pay only for what they use.
• Example: AWS Auto-Scaling → A website experiencing high
traffic can automatically scale up resources(Load balancing,
auto scaling(vertical or horizontal))

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 Real-World Example
• Netflix & Cloud Computing
– Stores and streams content globally.
– Uses AWS for auto-scaling during peak hours.
– Live cricket streaming requires a mix of real-time
encoding, CDN replication, adaptive bitrate
streaming, and load balancing. Unlike Netflix, it
doesn’t store content ahead of time but rather
delivers it in near real-time while minimizing latency
• YouTube
– Uses cloud-based data centers to handle billions of
video streams daily.

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 Types of Cloud Computing

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 Types of Cloud Models
• 1.Public Cloud → Available to multiple users
(e.g., AWS, Google Cloud, Gmail).
– Hosted by third-party providers.
– Cost-effective.
– Scalable for businesses

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 Types of Cloud Models
• 2.Private Cloud → Exclusive to one
organization.(e.g., Banks & Government
agencies)
– Used by organizations needing more security.
– More control over data and compliance.

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 Types of Cloud Models
• 3.Hybrid Cloud → Combination of public and
private cloud.(e.g., Healthcare Industry)
– Mixes public and private cloud benefits.
– Keeps sensitive data private while using the public cloud
for other tasks.

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 Service Models

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 Cloud Service Models (IaaS, PaaS, SaaS)
• 1. Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS) → Virtual machines,
storage, networks. Best for System admins, IT teams
– Provides computing resources.
– Businesses rent virtual machines instead of buying
hardware.
– Eg., Amazon EC2 (AWS) → Virtual servers for hosting
applications.

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 Cloud Service Models (IaaS, PaaS, SaaS)
• 2. Platform as a Service (PaaS) → Development platforms for applications.
Best for Developers.
– Developers get tools for app creation without managing hardware
– Eg., Google App Engine → Developers create applications without
managing infrastructure.

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 Cloud Service Models (IaaS, PaaS, SaaS)
• 3. Software as a Service (SaaS) → Web-based applications. Best for End
users.
– Applications run on the cloud, accessed via a browser.
– Eg., Google Docs, Dropbox→ Collaborative document editing.
Microsoft Office 365,
– Eg., Zoom → Video conferencing without installation.

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 Deployment Model

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 Type of Deployment Model

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 Differences between Iaas, Paas and Saas

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 Differences between Iaas, Paas and
Saas

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 Differences between Iaas, Paas and
Saas

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 Differences between Iaas, Paas and
Saas

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From: https://www.simplilearn.com Dr. Hema N, CSE/IT 26
 Differences between Iaas, Paas and
Saas

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From: https://www.simplilearn.com Dr. Hema N, CSE/IT 27
 Differences between Iaas, Paas and
Saas

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 Cloud Technologies
• Virtualization in Cloud Computing : Allows
multiple operating systems to run on a single
server. Eg., Vmware
• Containers and Kubernetes: Package
applications for easy deployment.
– Eg., Docker → Creates portable applications.
– Kubernetes → Manages cloud applications.

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Security and Compliance in the Cloud
• Key Cloud Security Measures:
– Encryption → Protects data.
– Authentication → Secure login methods.
– Compliance → GDPR, HIPAA regulations.
• Example:
– Banks & Healthcare Providers → Secure cloud
storage for customer data.
General Data Protection Regulation(GDPR),
Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPAA)

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 Advantages
• Reduced cost: The billing model is paid as per
usage. Initial expensive and recurring expenses
are much lower than traditional.
• Increased Storage: They have massive storage
and maintenance of large volumes of data.
• Flexibility
• They are scalable, as we can pay for the amount
of storage required. And are used in emergency
back up plan.

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 Disadvantages
• Performance on shared infrastructure can be
inconsistent. Servers maintained by cloud computing
can fall to natural disasters and internal bugs.
• Privacy and security in the cloud are much more
concerns.
• Data Transfer costs: Outbound data transfer over the
monthly basis is charged as per GB Basis.
• Downtime: If the internet connection is down, Unable
to access any of the applications, server or data from
the cloud.

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• https://builtin.com/cloud-computing/cloud-
computing-examples
• https://www.maropost.com/5-real-world-
examples-of-cloud-computing/

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