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08 Functions and Relations Cheat Sheet

The document outlines key mathematical concepts related to matrices, transformations, and functions, including the factor and remainder theorems for polynomials. It discusses inverse functions, trigonometric solutions, logarithm laws, and composite functions, emphasizing the importance of domain and range. Additionally, it covers graph sketching techniques and properties of modulus functions.

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mile3ses
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65 views1 page

08 Functions and Relations Cheat Sheet

The document outlines key mathematical concepts related to matrices, transformations, and functions, including the factor and remainder theorems for polynomials. It discusses inverse functions, trigonometric solutions, logarithm laws, and composite functions, emphasizing the importance of domain and range. Additionally, it covers graph sketching techniques and properties of modulus functions.

Uploaded by

mile3ses
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Matrices: Factor theorem of P(x):

Mapping Matrix  (ax+b) a factor if P =0


Reflection in the x-axis
 (x+k) a factor if P(-k) = 0
Reflection in the y-axis
Remainder theorem of P(x):
Dilation of factor k from the y-axis  Divide P(x) by (ax+b), remainder is P
Dilation of factor k from the x-axis  Divide P(x) by (x+k), remainder is P(-k)

Reflection in the line y = x (create inverse Inverse functions:


function)  x and y values swap, dom and ran swap
Reflection in the line y = -x  dom = ran f
 ran = dom f
 TX = X’ → X= X’ ( ALWAYS  Inverse relation is not a function unless original
relation is a function
COMES FIRST)
 Give domain and range
 Want to find x in terms of x’, y in terms of y’ (i.e. x
and y are the subjects)  Might need to restrict domain to create a inverse
function
 =
Transformations:
Trigonometry:  Multiply whole thing by k: dilation of factor k
General solutions from x-axis
If cos (x) = a, x = 2nπ ± (a), where n Z and  Multiply only x by k: dilation of factor from y-
a [−1, 1]
If tan (x) = a, x = nπ + (a), where n Z and a R axis
If sin (x) = a, x = 2nπ + (a), or  FACTORISE FOR TRANSFORMATIONS
x = (2n + 1)π − (a), where n Z and
a [−1, 1] Dilation from x-axis (x, y) → (x, ay)
Dilation from y-axis (x, y) → (bx, y)
Exponential/Log: Reflection in x-axis (x, y) → (x, -y)
Logarithm laws Reflection in y-axis (x, y) → (-x, y)
= + Translation in x-axis (x, y) → (x+h, y)
= - Translation in y-axis (x, y) → (x, y+k)

=- Graph Sketching:
=p  Implied domain is largest possible domain
 f: x → y, f(x) = ax+b
Change of base  Key features
= o Domain of graph
o Graph equation, function notation
=
o Turning points
o Arrows on ends of graphs
Inverse properties:
o Asymptotes
=x
 Log (dom = ): Vertical
=x
(1,0) standard point
 Exponential: Horizontal
Composite functions:
(0,1) standard point
 f(g(x)): Ran g(x) MUST fit into Dom f(x)
o X and Y intercepts
 Dom f(g(x)) = Dom g(x)
o Endpoints
o Must make sure that Ran g(x) fits into  Trig
Dom f(x) before finding Dom g(x)
 Root
 To find Ran f(g(x)), sub Dom g(x) values in
 Dom (f+g)(x) = Dom f(x) Dom g(x) Modulus (absolute) function:
 Dom (fg)(x) = Dom f(x) Dom g(x)  y= is an even function
 USE CALCULATOR TO VISUALISE COMPOSITE  y= : reflect everything that is below x-axis
FUNCTIONS, MUST WORK OUT DOMAIN, RANGE (must also consider vertical translation)
RESTRICTIONS BY HAND  y = f( ): everything to right of y-axis is mirrored
to form a symmetrical graph
 MUST CONSIDER GRAPH TRANSLATION

Oscar Han 12E

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