Experiment Number:
Date:
Temperature Measurement using RTD, TC sensors. thermistor thermocouple, bimetallic
thermometer and monitoring DAO System
Course Outcomes
CO 1 Select suitable sensors and transducers to measure response parameters.
CO 2 Determine the static performance of measuring instruments.
Aim
● Temperature Measurement using RTD, TC sensors, thermistor, thermocouple, bimetallic
thermometer.
Apparatus
Temperature measurement trainer kit, multimeter, J & K type thermocouples, RTD, IR gun, bimetallic
thermometer.
Theory
RTD: A platinum resistance temperature detector [RTD] is a device with typical resistance of 100Ω at
0°C. Platinum is the best metal for RTDs because it follows the R vs T relationship. These are pressure
resistance devices and by passing a constant current through the temperature sensor it is able to
obtain voltage that increases linearly with temperature.
J-Type Thermocouple: It is made of iron and constantan. Iron has positive temperature coefficient
and constantan and has negative temperature coefficient which means resistance decreases with
temperature. The function of these two wires is to create a voltage that is proportional to the difference
in temperature between the functions. It works on the basis of seebeck effect.
K-type Thermocouple: [widest operating temperature] It has a positive leg which is non magnetic and
negative leg which is magnetic it contains chromel and alumel conductor. It works on the basis of
seebeck effect.
IR- gun: Infrared thermometers employ a lens to focus the IR light emitting from the object on to a
detector known as thermophile. A Thermophile has a thermocouple in series/parallel. When the
radiation falls in the thermocouple it gets absorbed and converts into heat voltage proportional to
incident IR light.
Bimetallic Thermometer: It is based on the principle of solid thermal expansion where two pieces of
metal ships with a great difference in expansion coefficient are welded together. Different deformations
generate different rotations. The rotation shaft drives the indicating needle.
Thermistor: It is similar to RTD but a semiconductor is used instead of metal. It has larger sensitivity
than RTD. Resistance decreases with the increase in temperature. Maximum operation is only up to
100 - 200℃
Procedure
1. Fill water in the electric kettle.
2. Place the different temperature sensors in the water.
3. Switch on the electric kettle.
4. Note down the temperature readings from the various sensors as the water boils
Results and discussion
Convert all sensor readings to temperature units.
Inferences
Units of all the sensing types are studied. The readings of the sensing types are observed at 5 different
cases
