MASENO SCHOOL

Topic 7: Matrices
By Mr. Patrick Mboya
x 1 
1. Given that P    and that P  I , find x .
2

15  x 
 2x 8 
2. Determine of x if the matrix A    has no inverse.
 4 x
 x 1 5
3. Find the value of x for which the matrix B    is singular.
 4 x
 4 5  2 3 1
4. Given that M    and N    , find M N .
 2 3   1 1 
 y  7 4
5. Find the value of y given that the matrix T    is singular.
 3 y
0 2  x 2
6. Given that A and B are matrices A    and B    , find x if A  B is singular.
 0 x  1  1 2 
1 k  3 5
7. Given that P    and Q    , find k if the determinant of PQ is 9.
3 3 1 2 
k 4 1 2
8. Given that P    and Q    , find k if PQ  4 .
3 2 3 4
x 6 
9. Find the value of x given that the matrix R    is singular.
 4 x  2
x 0
10. Given that A    , find the values of x and y if A  I .
2

 5 y 
0 1   32  12 
11. Given that A    and B    , find x if AB has no inverse.
2 x  x x  12 
1 0  3 0
12. Given that A    , B  and C  2AB  A , determine the matrix C .
2

 2 3   2 1
 2 4 11 3 
13. Matrix A    and B    . Find C if BC  A
 3 6 4 1
x 3 
14. Find the value of x for which the matrix F    is singular.
 0 x  1
 3 4   0 1 2 
15. Given that A    and B    , find the transpose of AB .
 7 1   4 2 3 
 2 3
 4 3 1  
16. Given that A    and B   1 2  find the determinant of AB .
 2 1 2   4
 1 
2 x  3 y  13
17. Use matrix method to solve the equation
3x  2 y
 2 1  x  2
18. A matrix P    , Q    and R    . Find the values of x and y if PQ  R using matrix
 4 3  y 1
method.
3 2 1 3a  2b  12
19. Given that A    , find A hence solve the equation
 4 1 4a  b  5
3 2
20. Given that A    , find a matrix B if AB  I hence determine the point where the lines
 1 3 
3 x  2 y  10 and 3 y  x  4 intersect.
 Matrices by Mr. Patrick Mboya
 3 2 
21. (a) Given that matrix M   2
 , find M . (2 marks)
 4 3 
(b) In order to pay for a cinema ticket, a fixed price of Ksh. x is paid and Ksh. y for every movie
watched. A ticket costs Ksh. 201 for 4 movies and Ksh. 245 for 5 movies.
(i) Form two linear equations in x and y to represent the information above. (2 marks)
(ii) Using a matrix method, determine the values of x and y. (4 marks)
(iii) Determine the price for watching 6 movies. (2 marks)

3 4
22. (a) Given that matrix A    find the inverse of A. (2 marks)
2 3 


(b) Two universities TEC and KCT purchased beans and rice. TEC bought 60 bags of beans and 80
bags of rice for a total of 240,000. KCT bought 150 bags of beans and 225 bags of rice for a total of
shs. 637,500. Use the matrix method to find the price of one bag of each item. (5 marks)

(c) The price of beans later decreased in the ratio 4:5 while the price of rice increased by 20%. A
businessman bought 20 bags of beans and 30 bags of rice. How much did he pay? (3 marks)

4 1 
23. (a) Given the matrix A    , find A 2 . (2 marks)
15 4 

(b) Two businessmen Thomas and Stephen bought radios and juice blenders at sh x per radio and sh y
per juice blender. Thomas paid a total of 60 000 for 15 radios and 20 juice blenders while Stephen
paid a total of 64 000 for 14 radios and 24 juice blenders.
(i) Form a matrix equation to represent this information (2 marks)
(ii) Use the matrix method to find the cost of one radio and one juice blender. (4 marks)
(c) Thomas sold all his radios and juice blenders at a profit of 20% per radio and 25% per juice blender.
Stephen sold all his radios and juice blenders at a profit of 25% per radio and 20% per juice blender.
Calculate the profit that each businessman made. (2 marks)

3 4  1
24. (a) Given the matrix T    . Find T (2 marks)
 7 12 
(b) Dorothy, a business lady, bought 3 blow dryers and 4 shaving machines at a cost of sh. 12,000.
Had she bought 7 blow dryers and 12 shaving machines, she would have spent sh. 20,000 more.

(i) Taking x and y to be the prices of a blow dryer and a shaving machine respectively, form a
matrix equation to represent this information. (2 marks)
(ii) Use the matrix method to find the cost of one blow dryer and one shaving machine. (4 marks)
(iii) Dorothy discovered that in another shop the price of a blow dryer is 20% less while that of
shaving machine is 10% higher. Calculate how much she would have saved if she bought them
from that shop. (2 marks)

1 a c  1 1
25. (a) Express A in the form   given that A   . (2 marks)
b d  8 5
(b) A shirt and a blouse cost a total of Ksh. 2,700. When the price of the shirt is increased by 20% and
that of the blouse is decreased by 25%, their total cost is Ksh. 2,565. By letting the price of the shirt
to be x and that of the blouse to be y;
(i) Form two simplified equations in x and y to represent the above information. (3 marks)
(ii) Using matrix method, find the cost of each item. (5 marks)
2
 Matrices by Mr. Patrick Mboya
8 5
26. (a) Given that A    , find the inverse of A. (2 marks)
 6 4
(b) A student bought 16 exercise books and 10 pens at a total cost of Ksh. 1 018. If she had bought 12
exercise books and 8 pens, she would have spent Ksh 242 less.
(i) Form a matrix equation to represent the information above. (2 marks)
(ii) Using the inverse of A in (a) above, determine the price of each item. (4 marks)
(c) Find the total cost of 4 books and 5 pens by using matrices of orders 1 2 and 2 1 respectively.
(2 marks)

27. To watch a movie, a fixed amount of Sh. x is charged and a further Sh. y for every movie watched. It
cost Sh. 80 to watch 2 movies and Sh. 125 to watch 5 movies.
a) Form two equations in x and y from the information above. (2 marks)
b) Express the equations in (a) above in matrix form. (1 mark)
c) Use a matrix method to find the values of x and y and hence state the standing charge for
watching the movie. (5 marks)
d) Find the cost of watching 8 movies. (2 marks)

 32  12 
1
28. (a) Given that T    find the matrix T (2 marks)
 7 3 
 8 8 

(b) Two ladies bought trouser suits and skirt suits from a boutique at Ksh 𝑥 and sh 𝑦 per item
respectively. Jane paid Ksh 12,000 for 3 trouser suits and 4 skirt suits. Lucy paid Ksh 32,000 for 7
trouser suits and 12 skirt suits.
(i) Form a matrix equation to represent this information (2 marks)
(ii) Use matrix method to find the cost of one trouser suit and one skirt suit (4 marks)
(c) By using 1 2 and 2 1 matrices respectively, calculate the total cost of 5 trouser suits and 7 skirt
suits. (2 marks)

29. (a) In a week, a school buys 15 bags of maize, 8 bags of beans, 16 bags of rice and 4 bags of sugar. The
prices per bag of each commodity are sh.1400, sh.2600, sh.1600 and sh. 1500 respectively.
(i) Form 1 4 matrix to represent the number of bags bought by the school. (1 mark)
(ii) Form a 4 1 matrix representing the cost of the above commodities. (1 mark)
(iii) Find by matrix method the amount of money the school spends per week. (2 marks)

(b) A transporter has two types of buses; type A and type B. Type A has a capacity for 52 passengers
and 200kg of luggage while type B has a capacity for 32 passengers and 300kg of luggage. At full
capacity, the revenue from type A is sh. 62,000 and from type B is sh. 47,000. Taking sh. x to be the
fare per passenger and sh. y to be the charge per kilogram of luggage;
(i) Form a pair of linear equations to represent this information. (1 mark)
(ii) Use matrix method to find the values of x and y . (5 marks)

 3 1  x 11
30. (a) Given that P    and Q    , find x if P  Q  1 .
2
(5 marks)
 x 5   8 18 
(b) John intends to buy 10 exercise books, 3 fountain pens and a bottle of ink while Ken intends to buy
12 exercise books, 2 fountain pens and 2 bottles of ink. The items can be bought from two
stationers; A and B. Stationer A sells an exercise book at sh. 45, a fountain pen at sh. 100 and a
bottle of ink at sh. 80. Stationer B sells an exercise book at sh. 50, a fountain pen at sh. 95 and a
bottle of ink at sh. 75.
(i) Use a 2  3 matrix to represent number of items bought by John and Ken. (1 mark)
(ii) Use a 3  2 matrix to represent the prices of the items from the two stationers. (1 mark)
(iii) Using the matrices in (a) and (b) above, determine the total cost that would be incurred by
John and Ken when they buy from the two stationers. (3 marks)
3
 Matrices by Mr. Patrick Mboya
Answers
1. 4 When x  1, y  1  16 4 
2. 4 10.  
When x  1, y  1 15.  AB    11 9 
T
3. 4, 5
11. x  18  
 5.5 2.5   6 11
4.   5 0 
 4 5    16. 63
 12.
 8 3 
5. 3, 4   17. x  2, y  3
6. 1,4  7 14  18. x  3 12 , y  5
k  2 13. C  a  2, b  3
7.  25 50  19.
 
8. k 5
14. x  0, x  1
20.  2, 2 
9. 4,6

1 0 x  4 y  201
21. (a)   (b) (i) (ii) x  25, y  44 (iii) 289
0 1  x  5 y  245

 3 4 
22. (a)   (b) Beans  Ksh.2000, Rice  Ksh.1500 (c) Ksh.86000
 2 3 

1 0 15 20  x   60000  Radio  sh.2000 Thomas  13500
23. (a)   (b) (i)       (ii) (c)
0 1  14 24  y   64000  Juice Blender  sh.1500 Stephen  14200
     
 32  12  3 4  x   12000  Blow dryer  sh.2000
1
24. (a) Τ    (b) (i)       (ii) (iii) sh.600
 7 3   7 12  y   32000  
 8 8       Shaving machine sh.1500
 3 5
3 
1
x  y  2700 Shirt  Ksh.1200
25. (a) A 1    (b) (i) (ii)
 8  13  8 x  5 y  17100 Blouse  Ksh.1500
 3
2 2.5   8 5  x   509  Exercise Book  Ksh.48
26. (a)   (b) (i)       (ii) (c) Ksh.317
 3   6 4  y   388  
 4       Pen Ksh .25
x  2 y  80 1 2  x   80  x  50, y  15
27. (a) (b)       (c) (d) sh.170
x  5 y  125 1 5   125  
   
y  Standing Charge Sh .50
 3 4   3 4   
x 12000  Trouser Suit  Ksh.2000
28. (a)   (b) (i)       (ii) (c) Ksh.20500
 7 12   7 12  y   32000  
       Skirt Suit Ksh .1500
 1400 
 
 2600  52 x  200 y  62000 x  Ksh.1000
29. (a) (i) 15 8 16 4  (ii)   (iii) sh.73400 (b) (i) (ii)
 1600  32 x  300 y  47000 y  Ksh.50
 
 1500 
 
 45 50 
10 3 1    John: Shop A  sh.830, Shop B  sh.860
30. (a) x  21.5, x  2 (b) (i)   (ii) 100 95  (iii)
12 2 2    Ken: Shop A  sh.900, Shop B  sh.940
   80 
 75 