MATRIX

SOLVED EXAMPLES
1
Ex. 1 Construct a 3 × 2 matrix whose elements are given by aij = | i –3j |.
2

 a11 a12 
 
Sol. In general a 3 × 2 matrix is given by A =  a 21 a 22  .
 a 31 a 32 
1
aij = | i – 3j |, i = 1, 2, 3 and j = 1, 2
2
1 1 5
Therefore a11 = | 1 – 3 × 1 | = 1 a12 = | 1 – 3 × 2 | =
2 2 2
1 1 1
a21 = |2–3×1|= a = |2–3×2|=2
2 2 22 2
1 1 3
a31 = |3–3×1|=0 a32 = |3–3×2|=
2 2 2

 5
1 2
 
1 2
Hence the required matrix is given hy A =  
2
 
0 3
 2 

2 3 1   x 
   
Ex. 2 If [1 x 2] 0 4 2   1 = O, then the value of x is :-
0 3 2   1
Sol. The LHS of the equation
 x
 
= [2 4x + 9 2x + 5]  1 = [2x + 4x + 9 – 2x – 5] = 4x + 4
 1
Thus 4x + 4 = 0  x = –1

Ex. 3 Find the value of x, y, z and w which satisfy the matrix equation
 x  3 2y  x    x  1 0 
 z  1 4w  8  =  3 2w 
  
Sol. As the given matrices are equal so their corresponding elements are equal.
x+3=–x–1  2x = – 4
 x=–2 ......(i)
2y + x = 0  2y – 2 = 0 [from (i)]
 y=1 ......(ii)
z–1=3  z=4 ......(iii)
4w – 8 = 2w  2w = 8
 w=4 ......(iv)

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Ex. 4 Prove that if A is non-singular matrix such that A is symmetric then A–1 is also symmetric.
Sol. AT = A [ A is a symmetric matrix]
(AT)–1 = A–1 [since A is non-singular matrix]
 (A–1)T = A–1 Hence proved

 x  3 z  4 2y – 7   0 6 3y – 2 
 –6 a –1   –6 –3 2c  2  , then find the values of a, b, c, x, y and z.
Ex. 5 If  0  = 
 b – 3 –21 0   2b  4 –21 0 

Sol. As the given matrices are equal, therefore, their corresponding elements must be equal. Comparing the
corresponding elements, we get
x+3=0 z+4=6 2y – 7 = 3y – 2
a–1=–3 0 = 2c + 2 b – 3 = 2b + 4
 a = – 2, b = – 7, c = – 1, x = – 3, y = – 5, z = 2

1 3 2  1 4 1 0  1 1 1 2
Ex. 6 Let A  2 1 3 ,B  2 1 1 1  & C  3 2 1 1 be the matrices then, prove that in matrix
   
4 3 1 1 2 1 2  2 5 1 0 

multiplication cancellation law does not hold.

Sol. We have to show that AB = AC; though B is not equal to C.

1 3 2  1 4 1 0  3 3 0 1 
    
We have AB  2 1 3 2 1 1 1    1 15 0 5 
4 3 1 1 2 1 2   3 15 0 5 
3 4

1 3 2  2 1 1 2   3 3 0 1 
    
Now, AC  2 1 3  3 2 1 1   1 15 0 5 
4 3 1 2 5 1 0   3 15 0 5 
3 4

Here, AB = AC though B is not equal to C. Thus cancellation law does not hold in general.

0 1 
0 1 2  1 0 –1
Ex. 7 If A =  , B=   and M = AB, then M is equal to-
2  2 0  1 1 

0 1 
0 1 2  1 0  1 2
Sol. M=    =  
2 2 0  1 1   2 2 
 

2 2
|M| = 6 , adj M =  
2 1 
1 2 2  1 / 3 1 / 3 
 M–1 = 6   
2 1  1 / 3 1 / 6 

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1 2   3 2
Ex. 8 If A, B are two matrices such that A + B = 2 4  , A – B =  2 0  then find AB.
   

 3 2
Sol. Given A + B = 1 2  ........(i) & A – B =  2 0  .......(ii)
2 4   
Adding (i) & (ii)

4 4  2 2 
2A = 0 4   A = 0 2 
   
Subtracting (ii) from (i)

 2 0   1 0 
2B =  4 4   B =  2 2
   

2 2   1 0  2 4 
Now AB = 0 2   2 2  = 4 4 
     

Ex. 9 If A and B are matrices of order m × n and n × m respectively, then order of matrix BT(AT)T is -
Sol. Order of B is n × m so order of BT will be m × n
Now (AT)T = A & its order is m × n. For the multiplication BT(AT)T
Number of columns in prefactor Number of rows in post factor.
Hence this multiplication is not defined.
Hence the given matrix A is involutory.

 2 1
Ex. 10 If ƒ (x) = x2 – 3x + 3 and A   4
 be a square matrix then prove that ƒ (a) = O. Hence find A .
  1 1
 2 1  2 1  3 3 
Sol. A 2  A.A     
 1 1  1 1  3 0

 3 3  2 1 1 0   0 0 
Hence A2 – 3A + 3I =    3   3  O
 3 0    1 1 0 1  0 0 

1 2 0
Ex. 11 If A = 2 1 0  , show that 5A–1 = A2 + A – 5I
 
0 0 1

Sol. We have the characteristic equation of A.

|A – xI| = 0
1 x 2 0
2 1  x 0
i.e. =0
0 0 1  x

i.e. x3 + x2 – 5x – 5 = 0

Using Cayley – Hamilton theorem

A3 + A2 – 5A – 5I = O  5I = A3 + A2 – 5A
Multiplying by A–1, we get 5A–1 = A2 + A – 5I

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 2 2 4 
 
Ex. 12 Show that the matrix A =  1 3 4  is idempotent.
 1 2 3 

 2 2 4   2 2 4 
 1 3   
Sol. 2
A = A.A =  4  ×  1 3 4 
 1 2 3   1 2 3 

2.2  ( 2).( 1)  ( 4).1 2( 2)  ( 2).3  ( 4).( 2) 2.( 4)  ( 2).4  ( 4).( 3) 
 ( 1).( 4)  3.4  4.( 3) 
=  ( 1).2  3.( 1)  4.1 ( 1).( 2)  3.3  4.( 2)
1.2  ( 2).( 1)  ( 3).1 1.( 2)  ( 2).3  ( 3).( 2) 1.( 4)  ( 2).4  ( 3).( 3) 

 2 2 4 
=  1 3 4  = A
 
 1 2 3 

Hence the matrix A is idempotent.

 5 8 0 
Ex. 13 Show that the matrix A =  3 5 0  is involutory..
 1 2 1

 5 8 0   5 8 0   25  24  0 40  40  0 0  0  0
2  3 5 0  3 5 0  15  15  0 24  25  0 0  0  0
Sol. A = A.A =   ×   =  
 1 2 1  1 2 1  5  6  1 8  10  2 0  0  1

 1 0 0
= 0 1 0  = I
 
0 0 1

1 3 5
 
Ex. 14 If A = 3 5 1 , then adj A is equal to -
5 1 3
T
 14 4 22  14 4 22 
 4 22 14   4 22 14 
Sol. adj. A =   =  
 22 14 4   22 14 4 

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1
 1  tan  / 2   1 tan  / 2 
Ex. 15   tan  / 2 is equal to -
 tan  / 2
 1 
  1 

1
 1 tan  / 2 1  1  tan  / 2 
Sol.  tan  / 2 =  tan  / 2 
 1  2
sec  / 2  1 

1  1  tan  / 2   1  tan  / 2 
 Product = 2  tan  / 2   tan  / 2 
sec  / 2  1   1 

1 1  tan2  / 2 2 tan  / 2 
=  
sec2  / 2  2 tan  / 2 1  tan2  / 2 

cos2  / 2 sin2  / 2 2 sin  / 2 cos  / 2  cos   sin  

=  2 2  =  
 2sin  / 2 cos  / 2 cos  / 2  sin  / 2  sin  cos  

x  y  z  16
Ex. 16 Solve the system x  y  z  2 using matrix method.
2x  y  z  1

 1 1 1 x 6 
 1  1 1    
Sol. Let A =   , X = y  & B = 2 
2 1 1  z  1 

Then the system is AX = B.

A = 6, hence A is non singular,,

0 3 3 
 1
Cofactor A = 2 3
2 0 2 

0 2 2 
adj A = 3 3 0 
3 1 2 

0 2 2   0 1/ 3 1/ 3 
1 1   
–1
A = adj A = 3 3 0  = 1 / 2 1 / 2 0 
A 6 
3 1 2  1 / 2 1 / 6 1 / 3

 0 1/ 3 1/ 3  6  x 1 
1 / 2 1 / 2 0  2   
–1
X=A B=    i.e.  y  = 2 
 
1 / 2 1 / 6 1/ 3 1   z  3

 x = 1, y = 2, z = 3

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 8 0  2 –2
   4 2
Ex. 17 IF A =  4 –2  and B =   , then find the matrix X, such that 2A + 3X = 5B
 3 6   –5 1
Sol. We have 2A + 3X = 5B.
 3X = 5B – 2A
1
 X= (5B – 2A)
3

  2 –2  8 0     10 –10   –16 0  
1      1   
 X =  5  4 2  – 2  4 –2   =   20 10    –8 4  
3 3
  –5 1  3 6   
  –25 5   –6 –12  

 –10 
 –2 3 
 10 –16 –10  0   –6 –10   
1 1   4 14 
 12 14
 X =  20 – 8 10  4  = 3   =  3 
3  –13 –7   
 –25 – 6 5 –12   –31 –7 
 3 3 
 1 2 3 
 3 –2 1 3
Ex. 18 If A =   , then show that A – 23A – 40 I = O
 4 2 1

 1 2 3  1 2 3 19 4 8 
   3 –2 1  
Sol. We have A = A.A =  3 –2 1
2
  =  1 12 8 
 4 2 1  4 2 1 14 6 15

 1 2 3 19 4 8   63 46 69 
 1 12 8 
So A3 = AA2 =  3 –2 1 

 = 69 –6 23

 
 4 2 1 14 6 15 92 46 63

 63 46 69   1 2 3 1 0 0 
69 –6 23  3 –2 1  
Now A3 – 23A – 40I =   – 23   – 40 0 1 0 
92 46 63  4 2 1 0 0 1 

 63 46 69   –23 –46 –69   –40 0 0 

69 –6 23  –69 46 –23  0 –40 0 
=   +   +  
92 46 63 
 –92 –46 –23  0 0 –40 

63 – 23 – 40 46 – 46  0 69 – 69  0 
 
=  69 – 69  0 –6  46 – 40 23 – 23  0 
 90 – 92  0 46 – 46  0 63 – 23 – 40 

0 0 0 
 
= 0 0 0  = O
0 0 0 

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 –2 
 
Ex. 19 If A =  4  , B = [1 3 – 6], verify that (AB)' = B'A'.
 5

Sol. We have

 –2 
 4
A =   , B = [1 3 –6]
 5

 –2   –2 –6 12 
   4 12 –24 
Then AB =  4  [1 3 –6] =  
 5  5 15 –30 

 1
 
Now A' = [–2 4 5], B' =  3
 –6 

 1  –2 4 5
   –6 12 15
B'A' =  3 [–2 4 5] =   = (AB)'
 –6   12 –24 –30 

Clearly (AB)' = B'A'

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Exercise # 1 [Single Correct Choice Type Questions]

1. If number of elements in a matrix is 60 then how many different order of matrix are possible -
(A) 12 (B) 6 (C) 24 (D) none of these

2. If AB = O for the matrices

 cos2  cos  sin   cos 2  cos  sin 
A=   and B =   then  –  is
cos  sin  sin 2   cos  sin  sin 2  


(A) an odd multiple of (B) an odd multiple of 
2

(C) an even multiple of (D) 0
2

 cos  sin  
3. If A =   , then AA is equal to -
  sin  cos  
(A) A+ (B) A (C) A (D) none of these

4. A is a (3×3) diagonal matrix having integral entries such that det (A) = 120, number of such matrices is
(A) 360 (B) 390 (C) 240 (D) 270

1 1 1 2  1 3 1 n  1 378 
5. If the product of n matrices       ......   is equal to the matrix   then the value
 0 1  0 1   0 1  0 1  0 1 
of n is equal to -
(A) 26 (B) 27 (C) 377 (D) 378

6. Matrix A has x rows and x + 5 columns. Matrix B has y rows and 11 – y columns. Both AB and BA exist, then -
(A) x = 3, y = 4 (B) x = 4, y = 3 (C) x = 3, y = 8 (D) x = 8, y = 3

7. If A = diag (2, 1, 3), B = diag (1, 3, 2), then A2B =

(A) diag (5, 4, 11) (B) diag ( 4, 3, 18) (C) diag (3, 1, 8) (D) B

1 5   2 5 
8. If A – 2B =   and 2A – 3B =   , then matrix B is equal to -
3 7   0 7

 4 5   0 6 2  1  6 1
(A)   (B)   (C)   (D)  
 6 7   3 7  3 2  0 1 

9. Matrix A is such that A2 = 2A – , where  is the identity matrix. The for n  2, An =

(A) nA – (n – 1) (B) nA –  (C) 2n – 1 A – (n – 1) (D) 2n – 1 A – 

 0 1 2
10. If A =   and (aI2 +bA) = A , then -
  1 0 
(A) a = b = 2 (B) a = b = 1/ 2 (C) a = b = 3 (D) a = b = 1/ 3

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11. If A is a skew symmetric matrix such that ATA = I, then A4n–1 (n  N) is equal to -
(A) – AT (B) I (C) – I (D) AT

12. Suppose A is a matrix such that A2 = A and ( + A)10 =  + kA, then k is

(A) 127 (B) 511 (C) 1023 (D) 1024

13. Which of the following is an orthogonal matrix -

 6 / 7 2 / 7 3 / 7  6 / 7 2 / 7 3 / 7 
   
(A) 2 / 7 3 / 7 6 / 7  (B) 2 / 7 3 / 7 6 / 7 
3 / 7 6 / 7 2 / 7  3 / 7 6 / 7 2 / 7

 6 / 7 2 / 7 3 / 7  6 / 7 2 / 7 3 / 7 
 
(C)  2 / 7 3 / 7 6 / 7  (D)  2 / 7 2 / 7 3 / 7
 
 3 / 7 6 / 7 2 / 7   6 / 7 2 / 7 3 / 7 

1 3 1 0
14. Given A =   ,  =  0 1  . If A –   is a singular matrix then
2 2  
(A)  (B) 2 – 3 – 4 = 0 (C) 2 + 3 + 4 = 0 (D) 2 – 3 – 6 = 0

15. If A is an orthogonal matrix & | A | = –1, then AT is equal to -

(A) –A (B) A (C) –(adj A) (D) (adj A)

1 2   1 4  4 8 
16. If A =  ,B=   and ABC = 3 7  , then C equals -
3 0
   2 3  

1 72 32  1  54 110  1  54 110  1  72 32 

(A) (B) (C) (D)
66 57 29  66  3 11  66  3 11 66  57 29 

 0 1 1
  A
17. A is an involutary matrix given by A =  4 3 4  then the inverse of will be
2
 3 3 4 
A 1 A
(A) 2A (B) (C) (D) A2
2 2

18. A and B are two given matrices such that the order of A is 3×4 , if A B and BA are both defined then
(A) order of B is 3 × 4 (B) order of BA is 4 × 4
(C) order of BA is 3 × 3 (D) BA is undefined

0 5  2 16
19. If A =   and (x) = 1 + x + x + ...... + x , then (A) =
 0 0 
1 5  1 5  0 5 
(A) 0 (B)   (C) 0 0  (D)  
0 1    1 1 

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2 1   3 2  1 0 
20. If  A   , then matrix A equals -
7 4   5 3  0 1 
 7 5 2 1   7 1  5 3
(A)   (B)   (C)   (D)  
 11 8  5 3  34 5  13 8 

cos   sin  0   cos  0 sin  

 sin  cos  0  
21. If F () =   and G () =  0 1 0  , then [F () G ()]1=
 0 0 1    sin  0 cos  

(A) F ()  G() (B)  F ()  G () (C) [F()]1 [G()]1 (D) [G()]1 [F()]1

 cos 2  sin  cos    cos2  sin  cos  

22. If A =   ; B =   are such that, AB is a null matrix, then which
 sin  cos  sin 2    sin  cos  sin 2  

of the following should necessarily be an odd integral multiple of .
2
(A)  (B)  (C)  –  (D)  + 

 1 2 0 2 1 5
 3  and 2A – B = 2 6 
23. Let A + 2B =  6 3  1
  5 3 1   0 1 2 

then Tr (A) – Tr (B) has the value equal to

(A) 0 (B) 1 (C) 2 (D) none

 cos   sin  
24. For a given matrix A =  which of the following statement holds good?
 sin  cos  

(A) A = A–1   R (B) A is symmetric, for  = (2n + 1) , n I
2
(C) A is an orthogonal matrix for   R (D) A is a skew symmetric, for  = n ; n  I

x 3 2
 4  , if x y z = 60 and 8x + 4y + 3z = 20 , then A (adj A) is equal to
25. Matrix A =  1 y
 2 2 z 

 64 0 0   88 0 0   68 0 0   34 0 0 
     
(A)  0 64 0  (B)  0 88 0  (C)  0 68 0  (D)  0 34 0 
 
 0 0 64   0 0 88   0 0 68   0 0 34 

 1 tan x 
A =   tan x T –1
26.
 1  then let us define a function f (x) = det. (A A ) then which of the following can not be the


  

value of f f  f  f ...........f (x)   is (n  2)
n times

(A) f n(x) (B) 1 (C) f n – 1(x) (D) n f (x)

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 sin  cos  
27. Consider a matrix A () =   then
  cos  sin  
(A) A() is symmetric (B) A() is skew symmetric
 
(C) A–1() = A( – ) (D) A2() = A   2 
 2 

1 2 2   x  0 
28. The equation 1 3 4   y   0  has a solution for (x, y, z) besides (0, 0, 0). The value of k equals
     
3 4 k   z  0 

(A) 0 (B) 1 (C) 2 (D) 3

1  1 1  1 
29. A is a 2 × 2 matrix such that A   =   and A2   =   . The sum of the elements of A, is

 1 2
  
 1 0
(A) –1 (B) 0 (C) 2 (D) 5

30. If A is an idempotent matrix satisfying,

(I – 0.4A)–1 = I – A
where I is the unit matrix of the same order as that of A then the value of  is equal to
(A) 2/5 (B) 2/3 (C) – 2/3 (D) 1/2

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Exercise # 2 Part # I [Multiple Correct Choice Type Questions]

1. If A is a invertible idempotent matrix of order n, then adj A is equal to -

(A) (adj A)2 (B)  (C) A–1 (D) none of these

2. A square matrix can always be expressed as a

(A) sum of a symmetric matrix and skew symmetric matrix of the same order
(B) difference of a symmetric matrix and skew symmetric matrix of the same order
(C) skew symmetric matrix
(D) symmetric matrix

3. Choose the correct answer :

(A) every scalar matrix is an identity matrix.
(B) every identity matrix is a scalar matrix
(C) transpose of transpose of a matrix gives the matrix itself.
(D) for every square matrix A there exists another matrix B such that AB = I = BA.

4. Let A, B, C, D be (not necessarily square) real matrices such that AT = BCD ; BT = CDA; CT = DAB and
DT = ABC for the matrix S = ABCD, then which of the following is/are true
(A) S3 = S (B) S2 = S4 (C) S = S2 (D) none of these

5. Let A be an invertible matrix then which of the following is/are true :

(A) |A–1| = |A|–1 (B) (A2)–1 = (A–1)2 (C) (AT)–1 = (A–1)T (D) none of these

6. Let aij denote the element of the ith row and jthcolumn in a 3 × 3 matrix and let aij = –aji for every i and j then this matrix
is an -
(A) orthogonal matrix (B) singular matrix
(C) matrix whose principal diagonal elements are all zero (D) skew symmetric matrix

7. If A and B are two invertible matrices of the same order, then adj (AB) is equal to -
(A) adj (B) adj (A) (B) |B||A| B–1 A–1 (C) |B||A| A–1 B–1 (D) |A||B|(AB)–1

0 0 1 
8. If A  0 1 0 , then-
1 0 0

 0 0 1
(A) AdjA is zero matrix (B) Adj A   0 1 0 
 1 0 0 
(C) A–1 = A (D) A2 = I

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1 9 7 
 n 
9. If A  i  8  , where i  1 and  is complex cube root of unity, then tr(a) will be-
1 6 2n 

(A) 1, if n = 3k, k  N (B) 3, if n = 3k, k  N (C) 0, if n  3k, k  N (D) –1, if n  3k, n  N

1 1 0 
0 2 1 
10. If A–1 =  , then
 0 0  1 

(A) | A | = 2 (B) A is non-singular

 1 / 2 1 / 2 0 
 0 1 1/ 2 
(C) Adj. A =   (D) A is skew symmetric matrix
 0 0 1 / 2 

 1 1
11. Which of the following is true for matrix A =  
2 3 
(A) A + 4I is a symmetric matrix
(B) A2  4A + 5I2 = 0
 1
(C) A  B is a diagonal matrix for any value of  if B = 
2 5 
(D) A  4I is a skew symmetric matrix

a b 
12. If A =   satisfies the equation x2 + k = 0, then -
c d 
(A) a + d = 0 (B) k = –|A| (C) k = a2+ b2+ c2+ d2 (D) k = |A|

 a b  a  b 
 
13. Matrix  b c  b  c   is non invertible if -
2 1 0 

(A)  = 1/2 (B) a, b, c are in A.P.

(C) a, b, c are in G.P. (D) a, b, c are in H.P.

14. If A and B are 3 × 3 matrices and | A |  0, then which of the following are true?
(A) | AB | = 0  | B | = 0 (B) | AB | = 0  B = 0
(C) | A–1 | = | A |–1 (D) | A + A | = 2 | A |

15. If AB = A and BA = B, then

(A) A2B = A2 (B) B2A = B2 (C) ABA = A (D) BAB = B

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1 1 1 1
16. Given the matrices A and B as A =   and B =  2 2  .
 4 1  
The two matrices X and Y are such that XA = B and AY = B then which of the following hold(s) true?

1  1 1 1 3 0  4 1
(A) X = (B) Y = (C) det. X = det. Y (D) 3(X + Y) = 
3  2 2  3  4 0  4 2 


17. If A and B are two 3 × 3 matrices such that their product AB is a null matrix then
(A) det. A  0  B must be a null matrix.
(B) det. B  0  A must be a null matrix.
(C) If none of A and B are null matrices then atleast one of the two matrices must be singular.
(D) If neither det. A nor det. B is zero then the given statement is not possible.

 3 5  12 5  –1
18. Let P =   and Q =  7 3 then the matrix (PQ) is
 7 12   
(A) nilpotent (B) idempotent (C) involutory (D) symmetric

 x if i  j, x  R

19. Let A = aij be a matrix of order 3 where aij = 1 if | i  j | 1 then which of the following hold(s) good ?
0 otherwise

(A) for x = 2, A is a diagonal matrix.

(B) A is a symmetric matrix
(C) for x = 2, det A has the value equal to 6
(D) Let f (x) = det A, then the function f (x) has both the maxima and minima.

 1 tan x 
20. If A =   tan x 1 
then let us define a function f(x) = det (ATA–1) then which of the following can be the value


of f(f(f(f...........f(x))))
  (n  2)
n times

(A) fn(x) (B) 1 (C) fn–1(x) (D) nf(x)

Part # II [Assertion & Reason Type Questions]

These questions contains, Statement I (assertion) and Statement II (reason).

(A) Statement-I is true, Statement-II is true ; Statement-II is correct explanation for Statement-I.
(B) Statement-I is true, Statement-II is true ; Statement-II is NOT a correct explanation for statement-I.
(C) Statement-I is true, Statement-II is false.
(D) Statement-I is false, Statement-II is true.

1. Statement - I : If A is skew symmetric matrix of order 3 then its determinant should be zero
Statement - II : If A is square matrix, then det A = det A' = det(–A')

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2. Statement-I : If A is a non-singular symmetric matrix, then its inverse is also symmetric.

Statement-II : (A–1)T = (AT)–1, where A is a non-singular symmetric matrix.

3. A and B be 3 × 3 matrices such that AB + A + B = 0

Statement-I : AB = BA
Statement-II : PP–1 = I = P–1 P for every matrix P which is invertible.

4. Let A be any 3 × 2 matrix.

Statement-I : Inverse of AAT does not exist.
Statement-II : AAT is a singular matrix.

 cos   sin  
5. Let A =   sin   cos  
 
Statement-I: A–1 exists for every   R.
Statement-II: A is orthogonal.
1 2
6. Statement - I : There are only finitely many 2 × 2 matrices which commute with the matrix  .
 1 1 
Statement - II : If A is non-singular, then it commutes with I, adj A and A–1.

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Exercise # 3 Part # I [Matrix Match Type Questions]

Following question contains statements given in two columns, which have to be matched. The statements in
Column-I are labelled as A, B, C and D while the statements in Column-II are labelled as p, q, r and s. Any given
statement in Column-I can have correct matching with one or more statement(s) in Column-II.

1. Column-I Column-II
Matrix Type of matrix

 2 2 4 
(A)  1 3 4  (p) Idempotent

 1 2 3 

 5 8 0 
3 5 0
(B)   (q) Involutary
 1 2 1

 1 2 2 
1
(C) 2 1 2  (r) Nilpotent
3
 2 2 1

1 1 3
5 2 6
(D)   (s) Orthogonal
 2 1 3

2. Column-I Column-II
(A) If A is a square matrix of order 3 and (p) 6

det A = 162 then det  A  =

 3
(B) If A is a matrix such that A2 = A and (q) 5
2  1
(I + A)5 = I + A then
7
4 3
(C) If A =  and A2 – xA + yI = 0 (r) 0
2 5 
then y – x =

 9 10 11 12 
(D) If A = 13 14 15 16  and (s) 9
 
17 18 19 20 

1 3 5 7 
 3 3 10 10 
B=   then (AB)
23
 5 10 5 0 
 
 7 10 0 7 

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Part # II [Comprehension Type Questions]

Comprehension # 1

Consider some special type of matrices.

A square matrix A is said to be an Idempotent Matrix if A2 = A.
A matrix A is said to be a Nilpotent Matrix if Ak = 0, for k  N.
A square matrix is said to be an Involutary Matrix, if A2 = I.
Consider the following matrices
 2 3 5  1 3 4   0 1 1
     
A =  1 4 5  ; B =  1 3 4  ; C =  4 3 4 
 1 3 4   1 3 4   3 3 4 

1. Which one of the following is a Nilpotent Matrix?

(A) A (B) B (C) C (D) AC2

2. Which one of the following is not an Idempotent Matrix?

(A) A3C2 (B) A2C2 (C) BC2 (D) C2A

3. Which one of the following matrices posses an inverse?

(A) BC2 (B) A3C2 (C) A2B (D) C3

Comprehension # 2

If A is a symmetric and B skew symmetric matrix and A + B is non singular and C = (A + B)–1(A – B) then

1. CT(A + B)C =
(A) A + B (B) A – B (C) A (D) B

2. CT(A – B)C =
(A) A + B (B*) A – B (C) A (D) B

3. CTAC
(A) A + B (B) A – B (C*) A (D) B

Comprehension # 3

 a1 a 2 a 3 
 
Matrix A is called orthogonal matrix if AA = I = A A. Let A =  b1 b2 b3  be an orthogonal matrix. Let
T T

 c1 c2 c 3 
           
a  a1ˆi  a2ˆj  a3 kˆ , b  b1ˆi  b2ˆj  b3 kˆ , c  c1ˆi  c2ˆj  c 3 kˆ . Then |a||b||c| 1 & a.b  b.c  c.a  0
  
i.e. a, b & c forms mutually perpendicular triad of unit vectors.

a b c 
If abc = p and Q =  c a b  , where Q is an orthogonal matrix. Then.
 
 b c a 

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On the basis of above information, answer the following questions :

1. The values of a + b + c is -
(A) 2 (B) p (C) 2p (D) ±1
2. The values of ab + bc + ca is -
(A) 0 (B) p (C) 2p (D) 3p
3 3 3
3. The value of a + b + c is -
(A) p (B) 2p (C) 3p (D) None of these
4. The equation whose roots are a, b, c is -
(A) x3 – 2x2 + p = 0 (B) x3 – px2 + px + p = 0
(C) x3 – 2x2 + 2px + p = 0 (D) x3 ± x2 – p = 0

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Exercise # 4 [Subjective Type Questions]

1 2 
  4 5 6
1. If A =  3 4  and B =   , will AB be equal to BA. Also find AB & BA.
 5 6   7 8 2 

  
 0  tan
2  show that ( + A) = ( – A)  cos   sin  
2. If A =    sin  cos  
 tan  0   
 2 

 0 1  1
3. Let X be the solution set of the equation Ax = I, where A = 4 3 4  and I is the corresponding unit matrix and
 
3 3 4 

x
x  N then find the minimum value of  (cos   sin x  ),   R.

1 1 2
 
4. If A =  0 2 1  , show that A3 = (5A – ) (A – )
 1 0 2 

5. If and B are square matrices of order n, then prove that A and B will commute iff A –  I and B – I commute
for every scalar .

6. If AB = A and BA = B, then show that A2 = A, B 2 = B.

1  2 3 4 
1   
7. Find  (A  A  )  for A =  5 4 3 using elementary transformation.
 2 
 7 2 9 

a 2  (b 2  c2 ) cos  ab (1  cos ) ac (1  cos )

2 2 2
8. If a2 + b2 + c2 = 1, then prove that ba (1  cos ) b  (c  a ) cos  bc (1  cos )
ca (1  cos ) cb (1  cos ) c  (a 2  b 2 ) cos 
2

is independent of a, b, c

9. Investigate for what values of ,  the simultaneous equations

x + y + z = 6; x + 2 y + 3 z = 10 & x + 2 y +  z =  have;
(A) A unique solution (B) An infinite number of solutions.
(C) No solution.

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10. An amount of Rs 5000 is put into three investments at the rate of interest of 6%, 7%, 8% per annum respectively.
The total annual income is Rs 358. If the combined income from the first two investments is Rs 70 more than
the income from the third, find the amount of each investment by matrix method.

11. Consider the system of linear equations in x, y, z:

(sin 3) x  y + z = 0
(cos 2) x + 4y + 3z = 0
2x + 7y + 7z = 0
Find the values of  for which this system has non  trivial solution.

 3 1
12. If f(x) = x2 – 5x + 7, find f(a) where A =  
 –1 2 

1 0 2
 
13. If A =  0 2 1  , then show that matrix A is a root of polynomial x3 – 6x2 + 7x + 2 = 0.
 2 0 3 

 2 0  
 
14. Given A =  5  0  For what values of  does A–1 exists. Find A1 & prove that
 0  3 

A1 = A2 6A + 11I, when = 1.

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Exercise # 5 Part # I [Previous Year Questions] [AIEEE/JEE-MAIN]

a b   
1. If A =   and A2 =   then [AIEEE 2003]
b a   
(1)  = a2 + b2,  = a2 – b2 (2)  = a2 + b2,  = ab
(3)  = a2 + b2,  = 2ab (4)  = 2ab,  = a2 + b2

 0 0 1
 
2. If A =  0 1 0  then- [AIEEE 2004]
 1 0 0 

(1) A–1 does not exist (2) A2 =  (3) A = 0 (4) A = (–1) 

1 1 1   4 2 2
3. If A = 2 1 3  and 10B =   –1
 5 0   where B = A , then  is equal to- [AIEEE 2004]
1 1 1   1 2 3 

(1) 2 (2) –1 (3) –2 (4) 5

4. If A2 – A + I = 0, then the inverse of A [AIEEE 2005]

(1) I – A (2) A – I (3) A (4) A + I

5. If A =
LM1 0OP LM1 0OP , then which one of the following holds for all n1, (by the principal of
and I =
N1 1Q N0 1Q
mathematical induction) [AIEEE-2005]
(1) An = nA – (n–1) I (2) An = 2n-1A+ (n–1) I
(3) An = nA + (n–1) I (4) An = 2n-1A– (n–1) I

6. If A and B are square matrices of size n × n such that A2 – B2 = (A – B) (A + B), then which of the following will be
always true- [AIEEE- 2006]
(1) AB = BA (2) Either of A or B is a zero matrix
(3) Either of A or B is an identity matrix (4) A = B
1 2  a 0
7. Let A =   and B =  , a, b N. Then- [AIEEE- 2006]
3 4  0 b
(1) there exist more than one but finite number of B's such that AB = BA
(2) there exist exactly one B such that AB = BA
(3) there exist infinitely many B's such that AB=BA
(4) there cannot exist any B such that AB = BA

5 5  
 
8. Let A = 0  5  If |A2| = 25, then || equals- [AIEEE- 2006]
0 0 5 
(1) 52 (2) 1 (3) 1/5 (4) 5

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9. Let A be a 2 × 2 matrix with real entries. Let I be the 2 × 2 identity matrix. Denoted by tr(A), the sum of diagonal entries
of A. Assume that A2= I.
Statement –1: If A  I and A   I , then det A = –1 [AIEEE- 2008]
Statement –2 : If A  I and A   I , then tr(A)  0.
(1) Statement –1 is false, Statement –2 is true.
(2) Statement–1 is true, Statement–2 is true; Statement–2 is a correct explanation for Statement–1.
(3) Statement–1 is true, Statement–2 is true; Statement–2 is not a correct explanation for Statement–1.
(4) Statement–1 is true, Statement–2 is false

10. Let A be a square matrix all of whose entries are integers. Then which one of the following is true ? [AIEEE- 2008]
(1) If det A = ± 1, then A–1 exists but all its entries are not necessarily integers
(2) If det A  ±1, then A–1 exists and all its entries are non–integers
(3) If det A = ±1, then A–1 exists and all its entries are integers
(4) If det A = ±1, then A–1 need not exist

11. Let A be a 2 × 2 matrix [AIEEE- 2009]

Statement–1 : adj (adj A) = A
Statement–2 : |adj A| = |A|
(1) Statement–1 is true, Statement–2 is false.
(2) Statement–1 is false, Statement–2 is true.
(3) Statement–1 is true, Statement–2 is true; Statement–2 is a correct explanation for Statement–1.
(4) Statement–1 is true, Statement–2 is true; Statement–2 is not a correct explanation for statement–1.

12. The number of 3 × 3 non-singular matrices, with four entries as 1 and all other entries as 0, is :- [AIEEE-2010]
(1) Less than 4 (2) 5 (3) 6 (4) At least 7

13. Let A be a 2 × 2 matrix with non-zero entries and let A2 = I, where I is 2 × 2 identity matrix. Define
Tr(A) = sum of diagonal elements of A and |A| = determinant of matrix A. [AIEEE-2010]
Statement–1 : Tr(A) = 0.
Statement–2 : |A| = 1.
(1) Statement–1 is true, Statement–2 is true; Statement–2 is a correct explanation for Statement–1.
(2) Statement–1 is true, Statement–2 is true; Statement–2 is not a correct explanation for statement–1.
(3) Statement–1 is true, Statement–2 is false.
(4) Statement–1 is false, Statement–2 is true.

14. Let A and B be two symmetric matrices of order 3.

Statement-1 : A(BA) and (AB)A are symmetric matrices.
Statement-2 : AB is symmetric matrix if matrix multiplication of A with B is commutative. [AIEEE-2011]
(1) Statement-1 is true, Statement-2 is false.
(2) Statement-1 is false, Statement-2 is true
(3) Statement-1 is true, Statement-2 is true; Statement-2 is a correct explanation for Statement-1
(4) Statement-1 is true, Statement-2 is true; Statement-2 is not a correct explanation for Statement-1.

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15. Statement-1 : Determinant of a skew-symmetric matrix of order 3 is zero.

Statement-2 : For any matrix A, det(AT) = det(A) and det(–A) = –det(A).
Where det(B) denotes the determinant of matrix B. Then : [AIEEE-2011]
(1) Statement-1 is true and statement-2 is false (2) Both statements are true
(3) Both statements are false (4) Statement-1 is false and statement-2 is true.

 0  70
16. If  1 is the complex cube root of unity and matrix H =   , then H is equal to: [AIEEE-2011]
 0 
(1) H (2) 0 (3) –H (4) H2

17. Let P and Q be 3 × 3 matrices with P  Q. If P 3 = Q 3 and P 2 Q = Q 2 P, then determinant of

(P2 + Q2) is equal to : [AIEEE-2012]
(1) –1 (2) –2 (3) 1 (4) 0

1 0 0 1 0
   
18. Let A   2 1 0  . If u1 and u2 are column matrices such that Au1   0  and Au2   1  , then u1 + u2 is equal
3 2 1 0 0
     
to : [AIEEE-2012]

1  1   1   1 
       
(1)  1  (2)  1  (3)  1  (4)  1 
 1  0  1  0
       

19. If A is an 3 × 3 non - singular matrix such that AA' = A'A and B = A–1 A', then BB' equals: [Main 2014]
(1) I + B (2) I (3) B–1 (4) (B–1)

1 2 2 
 
20. If A =  2 1 2 is a matrix satisfying the equation AAT = 9I, where I is 3 × 3 identify matrix, then the ordered pair
 a 2 b 
(a, b) is equal to [Main 2015]
(1) (2, 1) (2) (–2, –1) (3) (2, – 1) (4) (–2, 1)

21. The system of linear equations [Main 2016]

x + y – z = 0
x – y – z = 0
x + y – z = 0
has a non-trivial solution for :
(1) exactly one value of  exactly two values of 
(3) exactly three values of  (4) infinitely many values of 

5a b  T
22. If A =   and A adj A = A A , then 5a + b is equal to : [Main 2016]
3 2
(1) 5 (2) 4 (3) 13 (4) – 1

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Part # II [Previous Year Questions][IIT-JEE ADVANCED]

a b c 
 
1. If matrix A =  b c a  where a,b,c are real positive numbers, abc = 1 and AT A = I, then find the value of
 c a b 

a3 + b3 + c3.

 2 3
2. If A    and |A | = 125, then  is equal to -
2  

(A) ±3 (B) ±2 (C) ±5 (D) 0

3. If M is a 3 × 3 matrix, where MTM = I and det (M) = 1, then prove that det (M–I) = 0.

 a 1 0   a 1 1   f   a2  x

A1 b d
  ,   , V   0  , X = y 
4. , B   0 d c  U g     
 1 b c   f g h   h   0   z 
 

If AX = U has infinitely many solutions, then prove that BX = V cannot have a unique solution. If
further afd  0, then prove that BX = V has no solution

1 0 0 1 0 0
  ,   0  1
5. A  0 1 1  1 0 and A 1  (A 2  cA  d ) , then the value of c and d are -
6
0 2 4  0 0 1

(A) –6, –11 (B) 6, 11 (C) –6, 11 (D) 6, –11

 3 1 
 
6. If P   2 2  , A  1 1
APT and x = PT Q2005 P, then x is equal to -
and Q = PAP
0 1 
 1 3 
 
 2 2 

1 2005  4  2005 3 6015 

(A)  (B)  
0 1   2005 4  2005 3 

1 2  3 1  1 2005 2  3
(C)   (D)  
4  1 2  3  4 2  3 2005 

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Comprehension (3 questions)

1 0 0 1  2  2 
7.   , if U , U and U are columns matrices satisfying. AU  0  , AU2  3  , AU  3  and U
A  2 1 0 1 2 3 1     3  
3 2 1  0  0  1 

is 3×3 matrix whose columns are U1, U2, U3 then answer the following questions -

(A) The value of |U| is -

(A) 3 (B) –3 (C) 3/2 (D) 2

(B) The sum of the elements of U–1 is -
(A) –1 (B) 0 (C) 1 (D) 3

3 
(C) The value of 3 2 0 U 2  is -
0 

(A) [5] (B) [5/2] (C) [4] (D) [3/2]

8. Match the Statement / Expressions in Column I with the Statements / Expressions in Column II and indicate your
answer by darkening the appropriate bubbles in the 4 × 4 matrix given in the ORS.
Column I Column II

x 2  2x  4
(A) The minimum value of is (p) 0
x 2
(B) Let A and B be 3 × 3 matrices of real numbers, (q) 1
where A is symmetric, B is skew-symmetric, and
t k t
(A+B)(A–B) = (A – B) (A + B). If (AB) = (–1) AB, where (AB)
is the transpose of the matrix AB, then the possible values of k are
a
(C) Let a = log3 log3 2. An integer k satisfying 1  2(  k  3 )
2, (r) 2
must be less than

1 
(D) If sin = cos, then the possible values of       are (s) 3
 2

9. Let A be the set of all 3 × 3 symmetric matrices all of whose entries are either 0 or 1. Five of these entries are 1 and four
of them are 0.
(A) The number of matrices in A is -
(A) 12 (B) 6 (C) 9 (D) 3

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x 1 
(B) The number of matrices A in A for which the system of linear equations A  y   
 0  has a unique solution, is -
 z   0 

(A) less than 4 (B) at least 4 but less than 7

(C) at least 7 but less than 10 (D) at least 10

x 1 
   
(C) The number of matrices A in A for which the system of linear equations A    0 
y  is inconsistent, is -
 z   0 

(A) 0 (B) more than 2 (C) 2 (D) 1

x 1 
10. (A) The number of 3  3 matrices A whose entries are either 0 or 1 and for which the system A  y    0  has
 z   0 

exactly two distinct solutions, is

9
(A) 0 (B) 2 – 1 (C) 168 (D) 2

(B) Let k be a positive real number and let

2k  1 2 k 2 k  0 2k  1 k 
   
A2 k 1 2k  and B  1  2k 0 2 k .
   
  2 k 2k 1 
   k 2 k 0 


6
If det (adj A) + det(adj B) = 10 , then [k] is equal to

[Note : adj M denotes the adjoint of a square matrix M and [k] denotes the largest integer less than or equal to k].

(C) Let p be an odd prime number and Tp be the following set of 2  2 matrices :

 a b  
Tp   A    : a,b,c  0,1,2,.....,p  1
 c a 

(i) The number of A in Tp such that A is either symmetric or skew-symmetric or both, and det(A) divisible by p is
2 2
(A) (p – 1) (B) 2 (p – 1) (C) (p – 1) + 1 (D) 2p –1

(ii) The number of A in Tp such that the trace of A is not divisible by p but det (A) is divisible by p is -

[Note : The trace of a matrix is the sum of its diagonal entries.]

2 3 2 2 2
(A) (p – 1) (p – p + 1) (B) p – (p – 1) (C) (p – 1) (D) (p – 1) (p – 2)

(iii) The number of A in Tp such that det (A) is not divisible by p is -

2 3 3 3 2
(A) 2p (B) p – 5p (C) p – 3p (D) p – p 11. Let
T
M and N be two 3 × 3 non-singular skew-symmetric matrices such that MN = NM. If P denotes the transpose

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 MATRIX

2 2 T –1 –1 T
of P, then M N (M N) (MN ) is equal to -
2 2 2
(A) M (B) –N (C) –M (D) MN

1 a b
 
12. Let 1 be a cube root of unity and S be the set of all non-singular matrices of the form   1 c  , where
2  1
2
each of a,b and c is either  or  . Then the number of distinct matrices in the set S is-

(A) 2 (B) 6 (C) 4 (D) 8

13. Let M be 3 × 3 matrix satisfying

0  1 1 1 1  0 

           
M 1    2  , M  1   1  and M 1   0 
0  3   0   1 1 12 

Then the sum of the diagonal entries of M is

i+j
14. Let P =[aij] be a 3 × 3 matrix and let Q = [bij], where bij = 2 aij for 1 < i, j < 3. If the determinant of P is 2,
then the determinant of the matrix Q is -
10 11 12 13
(A) 2 (B) 2 (C) 2 (D) 2

15. If P is a 3 × 3 matrix such that PT = 2P + I, where PT is the transpose of P and I is the 3 × 3 identity matrix, then there

 x  0 
exists a column matrix X   y   0 such that
 z  0
0 
(A) PX   0  (B) PX = X (C) PX = 2X (D) PX = –X
 0 

1 4 4 
 
16. If the adjoint of a 3 × 3 matrix P is 2 1 7  , then the possible value(s) of the determinant of P is (are) -
2 1 3 

(A) –2 (B) –1 (C) 1 (D) 2

17. Let M be a 2 × 2 symmetric matrix with integer entries. Then M is invertible if

(A) the first column of M is the transpose of the second row of M
(B) the second row of M is the transpose of the first column of M
(C) M is a diagonal matrix with nonzero entries in the main diagonal
(D) the product of entries in the main diagonal of M is not the square of an integer
18. Let X and Y be two arbitrary, 3 × 3 non-zero, skew-symmetric matrics and z be an arbitrary 3 × 3, non-zero, symmetric

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matrix. Then which of the following matrices is (are) skew symmetric ?

(A) Y3Z4 – Z4Y3 (B) X44 + Y44
(C) X4Z3 – Z3X4 (D) X23 + Y23

 3 1 2 
19. Let P   2 0 a  , where   R . Suppose Q = [qij] is a matric such that PQ = kI, where k  R , k  0 and I is
 
 3 5 0 

k k2
the identify matrix of order 3. If q23 =  and det (Q) = , then
8 2
(A) a = 0, k = 8 (B) 4a – k + 8 = 0
(C) det (P adj(Q)) = 29 (D) det (Q adj (P)) = 213

 1 0 0
 
20. Let P =  4 1 0  and I be the identity matrix of order 3. If Q = [qi j] is a matrix such that P50 – Q = I, then
16 4 1 

q31  q32
equal
q 21

(A) 52 (B) 103 (C) 201 (D) 205

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MOCK TEST
SECTION - I : STRAIGHT OBJECTIVE TYPE

1 2 a b a d
1. Let A =   and B =   are two matrices such that AB = BA and c  0, then value of 3b  c is :
 3 4   c d 
(A) 0 (B) 2 (C) –2 (D) –1

3 1 1
2. If A = 0 1 2  , then AA is
 
(A) symmetric matrix (B) skew - symmetric matrix
(C) orthogonal matrix (D) none of these

3. Let A and B are two non-singular square matrices, AT and B T are the transpose matrices of A and B
respectively, then which of the following is correct
(A) B T AB is symmetric matrix if and only if A is symmetric
(B) B T AB is symmetric matrix if and only if B is symmetric
(C) B T AB is skew symmetric matrix for every matrix A
(D) B T AB is skew symmetric matrix if B is skew symmetric

4. If A and B are two square matrices of order 3 × 3 which satisfy AB = A and BA = B then (A + B)7 is
(A) 7 (A + B) (B) 7.3 × 3 (C) 64 (A + B) (D) 128 3 × 3

5. If A3 = O, then  + A + A2 equals
(A)  – A (B) ( – A)–1 (C) ( + A)–1 (D) none of these

 x x x 
 x x x  –1
6. Let A =   , then A exists if
 x x x 

(A) x  0 (B)  0 (C) 3x +   0,   0 (D) x  0,  0

1 a  1 n
7. If A    then lim A is
0 1  n  n

0 a  0 0 0 1 
(A)   (B)   (C)   (D) Does not exist
0 0 0 0 0 0

2 1   3 2 1 0 
8. If   A   =   , then A =
3 2 5 3  0 1 

1 1  1 1 1 0  1 1 
(A)   (B)   (C)   (D) –  
1 0  0 1 1 1  1 0 

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9. If A and B are two matrices, then

(A) AB = BA (B) AB = O
(C) AB =  (D) AB cannot necessarily be defined

10. S1 : Square matrix A is non-singular and symmetric then ((A–1)–1)–1 is skew symmetric
S2 : Adjoint of a symmetric matrix is a symmetric matrix
S3 : Adjoint of a diagonal matrix is diagonal matrix
S4 : Product of two invertible square matrices of same order is also invertible.
(A) FTFT (B) FTTF (C) FTTT (D) TFFT

SECTION - II : MULTIPLE CORRECT ANSWER TYPE

11. If A is a square matrix, then

(A) AA is symmetric (B) AA is skew - symmetric
(C) AA is symmetric (D) AA is skew - symmetric
1 2 2 
 
12. Let A =  2 1 2  , then
 2 2 1 
1
(A) A2 – 4A – 53 = 0 (B) A–1 = (A – 43) (C) A3 is not invertible (D) A2 is invertible
5

 a b (a  b) 
13. Matrix  b c (b  c)  is non invertible if
 
 2 1 0 

(A)  = 1/2 (B) a, b, c are in A.P. (C) a, b, c are in G.P. (D) a, b, c are in H.P.

 3 –3 4
14. If A =  2 –3 4 , then
 
 0 –1 1 

(A) adj(adjA) = A (B) |adj(adjA)| = 1 (C) |adjA| = 1 (D) None of these

1 1 1
 
15. If A =  1 1 1  , then
 1 1 1 

(A) A3 = 9A (B) A3 = 27A (C) A + A = A2 (D) A–1 does not exist

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SECTION - III : ASSERTION AND REASON TYPE

16. Statement -I : The inverse of the matrix A = [aij]n × n where aij = 0, i  j is B = [aij–1]n × n
Statement -II : The inverse of singular matrix does not exist.
(A) Statement-I is True, Statement-II is True; Statement-II is a correct explanation for Statement-I.
(B) Statement-I is True, Statement-II is True; Statement-II is NOT a correct explanation for Statement-I
(C) Statement-I is True, Statement-II is False
(D) Statement-I is False, Statement-II is True

 3 3 4 
 
17. Statement-I : If A =  2 3 4  , then adj (adj A) = A
 0 1 1 
 
2
Statement-II : |adj(adj A)| = |A|(n–1) , A be n rowed non singular matrix.
(A) Statement-I is True, Statement-II is True; Statement-II is a correct explanation for Statement-I.
(B) Statement-I is True, Statement-II is True; Statement-II is NOT a correct explanation for Statement-I
(C) Statement-I is True, Statement-II is False
(D) Statement-I is False, Statement-II is True

18. St atement- I : If f 1 (x) , f 2 (x) ..........., f 9 (x) are polyno mials who se degree  1 , wher e

 f1 (x) f 2 (x) f 3 (x) 

  A(x)
f1() = f2 () = f2() .......... = f9() = 0 and A(x) = f 4 (x) f 5 (x) f 6 (x)  and is also
x
f 7 (x) f 8 (x) f 9 (x) 

a matrix of 3 × 3 whose entries are also polynomials

Statement -II : x –  is a factor of polynomial f(x) if f() = 0
(A) Statement-I is True, Statement-II is True; Statement-II is a correct explanation for Statement-I.
(B) Statement-I is True, Statement-II is True; Statement-II is NOT a correct explanation for Statement-I
(C) Statement-I is True, Statement-II is False
(D) Statement-I is False, Statement-II is True

19. Statement-I : The rank of a unit matrix of order n × n is n.

Statement-II : The rank of a non singular matrix of order n × n is not n.
(A) Statement-I is True, Statement-II is True; Statement-II is a correct explanation for Statement-I.
(B) Statement-I is True, Statement-II is True; Statement-II is NOT a correct explanation for Statement-I
(C) Statement-I is True, Statement-II is False
(D) Statement-I is False, Statement-II is True

20. Statement-I : If A is a skew symmetric matric of order 3 × 3, then det(A) = 0 or |A| = 0.

Statement-II : If A is square matrix, then det(A) = det(A') = det(–A').
(A) Statement-I is True, Statement-II is True; Statement-II is a correct explanation for Statement-I.
(B) Statement-I is True, Statement-II is True; Statement-II is NOT a correct explanation for Statement-I
(C) Statement-I is True, Statement-II is False
(D) Statement-I is False, Statement-II is True

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SECTION - IV : MATRIX - MATCH TYPE

21. Match the following

Column -  Column - 
2
(A) A is a real skew symmetric matrix such that A +  = 0. (p) BA – AB
Then
(B) A is a matrix such that A2 = A. If (I + A)n =  + A, (q) A is of even order
then  equals (n  N)
(C) If for a matrix A, A2 = A, and B =  – A, then (r) A
2
AB + BA +  – ( – A) equals
(D) A is a matrix with complex entries and A* stands for (s) 2n – 1
transpose of complex conjugate of A. If A* = A & B* = B,
then (AB – BA)* equals
n
(t) C1 + nC2 .... + nCn
22. Match the following
Column -  Column - 
(A) If A, B and C be 2 × 2 matrices with entires from the (p) A* B = B *A
set of real numbers. Define * as follows :
1
A * B = (AB + BA), then
2
(B) If A, B and C be 2 × 2 matrices with entires from the (q) A*(B + C) = A * B + A*C
set of real numbers. Define * as follows :
1
A * B = (AB' + A'B), then
2
(C) If A, B and C be 2 × 2 matrices with entires from the (r) A * A = A2
set of real number. Define * as follows :
1
A * B = (AB – BA), then (s) A* I =A
2
(t) A*I=O

SECTION - V : COMPREHENSION TYPE

23. Read the following comprehension carefully and answer the questions.

1 3   2  3 2 4
   
Let A and B are two matrices of same order 3 × 3, where A =  2 4 8  , B = 3 2 5
 3 5 10   2 1 4
   
1. If A is singular matrix, then tr(A + B) is equal to
(A) 6 (B) 12 (C) 24 (D) 17

2. If matrix 2A + 2B is singular, then the value of 2 is

(A) 11 (B) 13 (C) 15 (D) 17
1
3. If  = 3, then (tr(AB) + tr(BA)) is equal to
7
(A) 34 (B) 42 (C) 84 (D) 63

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24. Read the following comprehension carefully and answer the questions.

1 2 3  3 2 5
   
A and B are two matrices of same order 3 × 3, where A =  2 3 4  and B =  2 3 8
5 6 8 7 2 9
   
1. The value of adj(adj A) is equal to
(A) 2A (B) 4A (C) 8A (D) 16A
2. The value of |adj (adj A)| is equal to
(A) 9 (B) 16 (C) 25 (D) 81
3. The value of |adj B| is equal to
(A) 24 (B) 242 (C) 243 (D) 82

25. Read the following comprehension carefully and answer the questions.
Let A = [aij]3 be a square matrix of order 3 whose elements are distinct integers from 1, 2,......9 the matrix is
formed so that the sum of numbers in every row, column & diagonal is a multiple of 9.
1. The number of possible combinations of three distinct numbers from 1 to 9 that have a sum of 9 or 18 is
(A) 10 (B) 7 (C) 8 (D) 9
2. The element a22 must be a multiple of
(A) 2 (B) 3 (C) 4 (D) 9
3. The maximum value of trace of the matrix A is :
(A) 18 (B) 19 (C) 12 (D) None

SECTION - VI : INTEGER TYPE

a b c
 
26. If A =  b c a  , abc = 1, AA =  , then find maximum value of a3 + b3 + c3
c a b
 

1 2 
27. If A =   and (x) = (1 + x) (1 – x)–1 and (A) = – A, then find the value of .
1 1 
 1 –1 1 
  | adjB |
28. If A =  0 2 3  and B = (adj A) and C = 5A, then find the value of .
|C|
 2 1 0 

  
 cos 9 sin 9 
29. Let P =   and  be non-zero real numbers such that
 – sin  cos  
 9 9 
p + p3 + 
is the zero matrix. Then find value of ( 2   2   2 ) (  – )( –  )(  –  ) .

30. Let 'A' is (4×4) matrix such that sum of elements in each row is 1. Find out sum of all the elements in A10.

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ANSWER KEY

EXERCISE - 1

1. A 2. A 3. A 4. A 5. B 6. C 7. B 8. A 9. A 10. B 11. D 12. C 13. A

14. B 15. C 16. B 17. A 18. B 19. B 20. A 21. D 22. C 23. C 24. C 25. C 26. D
27. C 28. C 29. D 30. C
EXERCISE - 2 : PART # I

1. ABC 2. AB 3. BC 4. AB 5. ABC 6. BCD 7. ABD 8. BCD 9. BC

10. BC 11. BC 12. AD 13. AC 14. AC 15. ABCD 16. CD 17. ABCD 18. BCD
19. BD 20. ABC

PART - II

1. C 2. A 3. A 4. A 5. A 6. D

EXERCISE - 3 : PART # I
1. A  p B  q C  s D r 2. Ap Bs Cq Dr

PART - II
Comprehension # 1 : 1. B 2. C 3. D Comprehension # 2 : 1. A 2. B 3. C
Comprehension # 3 : 1. D 2. A 3. D 4. D

EXERCISE - 5 : PART # I

1. 3 2. 2 3. 4 4. 1 5. 1 6. 1 7. 3 8. 3 9. 4 10. 3 11. 4 12. 4 13. 3

14. 4 15. 1 16. 1 17. 4 18. 1 19. 2 20. 2 21. 3 22. 1

PART - II

1. 4 2. A 5. C 6. A 7. A. A B. B C. A 8. A  R B  q,s C  r,s D  p,r

9. A. A B. B C. B 10. A. A B. 4 C. (i) D (ii) C (iii) D 11. Bonus 12. A 13. 9
14. D 15. D 16. AD 17. CD 18. CD 19. BC 20. B

MOCK TEST

1. D 2. A 3. A 4. C 5. B 6. C 7. A 8. A 9. D
10. C 11. AC 12. ABD 13. AC 14. ABC 15. AD 16. D 17. B 18. A
19. C 20. C 21. A  q B  s,t C  r D  p 22. A  p,q,r,s B  p, q C  q,t
23. 1. C 2. D 3. A 24. 1. A 2. B 3. B 25. 1. A 2. B 3. A
26. 4 27. 1 28. 1 29. 1 30. 4

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