FINITE ELEMENT ANALYSIS

Here are some objective questions on "Structural Analysis of Simple Truss":

1. What is the primary purpose of structural analysis of a simple truss?
a) To determine the stresses in the members

b) To determine the loads on the truss

c) To determine the stability of the truss

d) To determine the deflection of the truss

Answer: a) To determine the stresses in the members

2. Which method is commonly used for the structural analysis of simple trusses?

a) Method of sections

b) Method of joints

c) Method of moments

d) Method of superposition

Answer: b) Method of joints

3. What is the first step in the method of joints for the structural analysis of a simple truss?

a) To determine the reactions at the supports

b) To identify the zero-force members

c) To analyze the joints

d) To determine the forces in each member

Answer: a) To determine the reactions at the supports

4. What is a zero-force member in a simple truss?

a) A member with zero length

b) A member with zero force

c) A member with zero stiffness

d) A member with zero mass

Answer: b) A member with zero force

5. What is the purpose of determining the forces in each member of a simple truss?

a) To determine the stresses in the members

b) To determine the loads on the truss

c) To determine the stability of the truss

d) To determine the deflection of the truss

Answer: a) To determine the stresses in the members

6. Which of the following is NOT a type of support used in simple trusses?

a) Roller support

b) Pinned support

c) Fixed support

d) Frictionless support

Answer: d) Frictionless support

7. What is the difference between a simple truss and a compound truss?

a) A simple truss has only one type of member, while a compound truss has multiple types of members.

b) A simple truss has only one type of load, while a compound truss has multiple types of loads.

c) A simple truss is a two-dimensional structure, while a compound truss is a three-dimensional structure.

d) A simple truss has only one level of redundancy, while a compound truss has multiple levels of redundancy.

Answer: a) A simple truss has only one type of member, while a compound truss has multiple types of members.

Here are some objective questions on "Structural Analysis of Composite Truss":

1. What is a composite truss?

a) A truss made of multiple materials

b) A truss with multiple levels of redundancy

c) A truss with multiple types of members

d) A truss with multiple types of loads

Answer: a) A truss made of multiple materials

2. Which of the following is a characteristic of a composite truss?

a) It has only one type of member

b) It has multiple types of members

c) It has only one type of material

d) It has multiple types of materials

Answer: d) It has multiple types of materials

3. What is the primary advantage of using a composite truss?

a) It reduces the weight of the structure

b) It increases the stiffness of the structure

c) It improves the strength-to-weight ratio of the structure

d) It reduces the cost of the structure

Answer: c) It improves the strength-to-weight ratio of the structure

4. Which method is commonly used for the structural analysis of composite trusses?

a) Method of joints

b) Method of sections

c) Matrix method

d) Finite element method

Answer: d) Finite element method

5. What is the purpose of using a composite truss in structural engineering?

a) To reduce the weight of the structure

b) To increase the stiffness of the structure

c) To improve the strength-to-weight ratio of the structure

d) To reduce the cost of the structure

Answer: c) To improve the strength-to-weight ratio of the structure

6. Which of the following is NOT a type of composite truss?

a) Steel-concrete composite truss

b) Fiber-reinforced polymer (FRP) composite truss

c) Hybrid composite truss

d) Simple truss

Answer: d) Simple truss

7. What is the primary challenge in the structural analysis of composite trusses?

a) Modeling the behavior of multiple materials

b) Accounting for the interactions between different materials

c) Determining the properties of the composite material

d) All of the above

Answer: d) All of the above

8. Which of the following software is commonly used for the structural analysis of composite trusses?

a) Autodesk Revit

b) STAAD.Pro

c) ANSYS

d) Abaqus

Answer: c) ANSYS

Here are some objective questions on "Structural Analysis of Cantilever Beam":

1. What is a cantilever beam?

a) A beam supported at both ends

b) A beam supported at one end and free at the other end

c) A beam supported at the middle

d) A beam with no supports

Answer: b) A beam supported at one end and free at the other end

2. What is the primary advantage of a cantilever beam?

a) It can span long distances

b) It can carry heavy loads

c) It provides maximum moment resistance

d) It is easy to construct

Answer: c) It provides maximum moment resistance

3. What is the reaction at the fixed end of a cantilever beam?

a) Vertical force only

b) Horizontal force only

c) Vertical and horizontal forces, and a moment

d) No reaction

Answer: c) Vertical and horizontal forces, and a moment

4. What is the maximum bending moment in a cantilever beam?

a) At the fixed end

b) At the free end

c) At the midpoint

d) At the point of application of the load

Answer: a) At the fixed end

5. What is the maximum shear force in a cantilever beam?

a) At the fixed end

b) At the free end

c) At the midpoint

d) At the point of application of the load

Answer: a) At the fixed end

6. What is the maximum deflection in a cantilever beam?

a) At the fixed end

b) At the free end

c) At the midpoint

d) At the point of application of the load

Answer: b) At the free end

7. Which of the following is NOT a type of load that can be applied to a cantilever beam?

a) Point load

b) Uniformly distributed load

c) Moment

d) Torque

Answer: d) Torque

8. Which of the following equations is used to calculate the maximum bending moment in a cantilever beam?

a) M = (WL)/2

b) M = WL

c) M = (WL)/4

d) M = (WL^2)/2

Answer: b) M = WL

9. Which of the following equations is used to calculate the maximum deflection in a cantilever beam?

a) δ = (WL^3)/(3EI)

b) δ = (WL^3)/(2EI)

c) δ = (WL^2)/(2EI)

d) δ = (WL)/(2EI)

Answer: a) δ = (WL^3)/(3EI)

10. Which of the following software is commonly used for the structural analysis of cantilever beams?

a) Autodesk Revit

b) STAAD.Pro

c) ANSYS

d) All of the above

Answer: d) All of the above

ere are some objective questions on "Structural Analysis of Simply Supported Beam":

1. What is a simply supported beam?

a) A beam supported at one end

b) A beam supported at both ends

c) A beam supported at the middle

d) A beam with no supports

Answer: b) A beam supported at both ends

2. What are the reactions at the supports of a simply supported beam?

a) Vertical forces only

b) Horizontal forces only

c) Vertical and horizontal forces

d) Moments only

Answer: a) Vertical forces only

3. What is the maximum bending moment in a simply supported beam with a uniformly distributed load?

a) At the midpoint

b) At the quarter point

c) At the support

d) At the point of application of the load

Answer: a) At the midpoint

4. What is the maximum shear force in a simply supported beam with a point load?

a) At the support

b) At the point of application of the load

c) At the midpoint
d) At the quarter point

Answer: a) At the support

5. What is the maximum deflection in a simply supported beam with a uniformly distributed load?

a) At the midpoint

b) At the quarter point

c) At the support

d) At the point of application of the load

Answer: a) At the midpoint

6. Which of the following equations is used to calculate the maximum bending moment in a simply supported beam
with a uniformly distributed load?

a) M = (WL)/4

b) M = (WL)/2

c) M = (WL^2)/8

d) M = (WL^2)/12

Answer: a) M = (WL)/4

7. Which of the following equations is used to calculate the maximum deflection in a simply supported beam with a
uniformly distributed load?

a) δ = (WL^3)/(24EI)

b) δ = (WL^3)/(48EI)

c) δ = (WL^4)/(24EI)

d) δ = (WL^4)/(48EI)

Answer: a) δ = (WL^3)/(24EI)

8. What is the effect of increasing the span length of a simply supported beam on its maximum bending moment?
a) Decreases

b) Increases

c) Remains the same

d) Becomes zero

Answer: b) Increases

9. What is the effect of increasing the load on a simply supported beam on its maximum deflection?

a) Decreases

b) Increases

c) Remains the same

d) Becomes zero

Answer: b) Increases

10. Which of the following software is commonly used for the structural analysis of simply supported beams?

a) Autodesk Revit

b) STAAD.Pro

c) ANSYS

d) All of the above

Answer: d) All of the above

Here are some objective questions on "Structural Analysis of Fixed Beam":

1. What is a fixed beam?

a) A beam supported at one end

b) A beam supported at both ends

c) A beam with fixed ends, with no rotation or translation

d) A beam with pinned ends

Answer: c) A beam with fixed ends, with no rotation or translation

2. What are the reactions at the supports of a fixed beam?

a) Vertical forces only

b) Horizontal forces only

c) Vertical and horizontal forces, and moments

d) Moments only

Answer: c) Vertical and horizontal forces, and moments

3. What is the maximum bending moment in a fixed beam with a uniformly distributed load?

a) At the midpoint

b) At the quarter point

c) At the support

d) At the point of application of the load

Answer: a) At the midpoint

4. What is the maximum shear force in a fixed beam with a point load?

a) At the support

b) At the point of application of the load

c) At the midpoint

d) At the quarter point

Answer: a) At the support

5. What is the maximum deflection in a fixed beam with a uniformly distributed load?

a) At the midpoint

b) At the quarter point

c) At the support
d) At the point of application of the load

Answer: a) At the midpoint

6. Which of the following equations is used to calculate the maximum bending moment in a fixed beam with a
uniformly distributed load?

a) M = (WL)/4

b) M = (WL)/2

c) M = (WL^2)/12

d) M = (WL^2)/24

Answer: c) M = (WL^2)/12

7. Which of the following equations is used to calculate the maximum deflection in a fixed beam with a uniformly
distributed load?

a) δ = (WL^3)/(24EI)

b) δ = (WL^3)/(48EI)

c) δ = (WL^4)/(24EI)

d) δ = (WL^4)/(384EI)

Answer: d) δ = (WL^4)/(384EI)

8. What is the effect of increasing the span length of a fixed beam on its maximum bending moment?

a) Decreases

b) Increases

c) Remains the same

d) Becomes zero

Answer: b) Increases

9. What is the effect of increasing the load on a fixed beam on its maximum deflection?
a) Decreases

b) Increases

c) Remains the same

d) Becomes zero

Answer: b) Increases

10. Which of the following software is commonly used for the structural analysis of fixed beams?

a) Autodesk Revit

b) STAAD.Pro

c) ANSYS

d) All of the above

Answer: d) All of the above

[5:30 pm, 28/2/2025] Dr.J.Manivannan: Here are some viva questions with answers on "Structural Analysis of
Truss":

Basic Questions

1. Q: What is a truss and what are its common applications?

A: A truss is a structural system composed of straight members connected at their ends to form a rigid framework.
Common applications include bridges, buildings, and towers.

2. Q: Define the different types of trusses.

A: Simple truss, compound truss, cantilever truss, and suspension truss.

3. Q: What are the advantages of using trusses in structural engineering?

A: Trusses provide a strong and rigid structure, are lightweight, and can be designed to resist various types of loads.

Method of Joints

1. Q: Explain the method of joints and how it is used to analyze trusses.

A: The method of joints involves analyzing each joint of the truss separately, considering the forces acting on each
member.

2. Q: How do you determine the forces in each member of a truss using the method of joints?

A: By applying the conditions of equilibrium at each joint and solving the resulting equations.

3. Q: What are the assumptions made in the method of joints?

A: The assumptions include that the members are straight, the joints are pinned, and the loads are applied at the
joints.

Method of Sections

1. Q: Explain the method of sections and how it is used to analyze trusses.

A: The method of sections involves cutting the truss into sections and analyzing the forces acting on each section.

2. Q: How do you determine the forces in each member of a truss using the method of sections?

A: By applying the conditions of equilibrium to each section and solving the resulting equations.

3. Q: What are the advantages and disadvantages of using the method of sections?

A: Advantages include that it can be used for complex trusses, while disadvantages include that it can be time-
consuming and requires careful sectioning.

Truss Analysis Software

1. Q: What software is commonly used for the analysis and design of trusses?

A: Software such as STAAD.Pro, ETABS, and ANSYS.

2. Q: How do you model a truss in a software?

A: By defining the geometry, materials, and loads, and then running the analysis.

3. Q: What are the advantages and limitations of using software for truss analysis?

A: Advantages include speed and accuracy, while limitations include the need for expertise and potential errors in
modeling.
Practical Applications

1. Q: Can you give an example of a real-world application of trusses?

A: Trusses are commonly used in bridge construction, such as the Golden Gate Bridge.

2. Q: How are trusses used in building construction?

A: Trusses are used as roof supports, allowing for large open spaces.

3. Q: What are the challenges faced in the design and construction of trusses?

A: Challenges include ensuring stability, resisting various loads, and meeting aesthetic requirements.

Design Considerations

1. Q: What are the design considerations for a truss?

A: Design considerations include load calculations, material selection, and geometry.

2. Q: How do you select the type of truss for a particular application?

A: Selection is based on factors such as load requirements, space constraints, and cost.

3. Q: What are the factors that affect the stability of a truss?

A: Factors include geometry, material properties, and load conditions.

Load Calculations

1. Q: How do you calculate the loads on a truss?

A: Loads are calculated based on the intended use, such as dead loads, live loads, and wind loads.

2. Q: What are the different types of loads that can act on a truss?

A: Loads include dead loads, live loads, wind loads, snow loads, and seismic loads.

3. Q: How do you calculate the dead load, live load, and wind load on a truss?

A: Calculations are based on codes and standards, such as ASCE and IBC

[5:32 pm, 28/2/2025] Dr.J.Manivannan: Basic Questions

1. Q: What is a composite truss and what are its common applications?

A: A composite truss is a structural system composed of multiple materials, such as steel and concrete. Common
applications include bridges, buildings, and towers.

2. Q: What are the advantages of using composite trusses?

A: Advantages include increased strength, stiffness, and durability, as well as reduced weight and cost.

3. Q: What are the different types of composite trusses?

A: Types include steel-concrete composite trusses, fiber-reinforced polymer (FRP) composite trusses, and hybrid
composite trusses.

Analysis of Composite Truss

1. Q: How do you analyze a composite truss?

A: Analysis involves calculating the forces, stresses, and deformations in each material, considering the interactions
between them.

2. Q: What are the key considerations in the analysis of composite trusses?

A: Considerations include material properties, geometry, loading conditions, and boundary conditions.

3. Q: How do you model the behavior of different materials in a composite truss?

A: Modeling involves using material models, such as elastic-plastic models, and considering factors like creep,
shrinkage, and fatigue.

Design Considerations

1. Q: What are the design considerations for a composite truss?

A: Considerations include load calculations, material selection, geometry, and constructability.

2. Q: How do you select the materials for a composite truss?

A: Selection is based on factors like strength, stiffness, durability, cost, and availability.

3. Q: What are the factors that affect the stability of a composite truss?

A: Factors include geometry, material properties, loading conditions, and boundary conditions.
Load Calculations

1. Q: How do you calculate the loads on a composite truss?

A: Loads are calculated based on the intended use, such as dead loads, live loads, wind loads, snow loads, and
seismic loads.

2. Q: What are the different types of loads that can act on a composite truss?

A: Loads include dead loads, live loads, wind loads, snow loads, seismic loads, and construction loads.

3. Q: How do you calculate the load on a composite truss due to wind or seismic loads?

A: Calculations are based on codes and standards, such as ASCE and IBC, and involve dynamic analysis.

Software and Modelling

1. Q: What software is commonly used for the analysis and design of composite trusses?

A: Software such as ANSYS, Abaqus, and ETABS.

2. Q: How do you model a composite truss in a software?

A: Modeling involves defining the geometry, materials, and loads, and then running the analysis.

3. Q: What are the advantages and limitations of using software for composite truss analysis?

A: Advantages include speed and accuracy, while limitations include the need for expertise and potential errors in
modeling.

Practical Applications

1. Q: Can you give an example of a real-world application of composite trusses?

A: Composite trusses are commonly used in bridge construction, such as the Akashi Kaikyo Bridge.

2. Q: How are composite trusses used in building construction?

A: Composite trusses are used as roof supports, allowing for large open spaces.

3. Q: What are the challenges faced in the design and construction of composite trusses?
A: Challenges include ensuring stability, resisting various loads, and meeting aesthetic requirements.

[5:33 pm, 28/2/2025] Dr.J.Manivannan: viva questions with answers " structural analysis of cantilever beam"

[5:34 pm, 28/2/2025] Dr.J.Manivannan: Basic Questions

1. Q: What is a cantilever beam and what are its common applications?

A: A cantilever beam is a beam supported at one end and free at the other end. Common applications include
balconies, canopies, and building extensions.

2. Q: What are the advantages of using cantilever beams?

A: Advantages include simplicity, ease of construction, and ability to resist various loads.

3. Q: What are the different types of cantilever beams?

A: Types include simply supported cantilever beams, fixed cantilever beams, and continuous cantilever beams.

Analysis of Cantilever Beam

1. Q: How do you analyze a cantilever beam?

A: Analysis involves calculating the forces, stresses, and deformations in the beam, considering the loading
conditions and boundary conditions.

2. Q: What are the key considerations in the analysis of cantilever beams?

A: Considerations include material properties, geometry, loading conditions, and boundary conditions.

3. Q: How do you calculate the maximum bending moment in a cantilever beam?

A: The maximum bending moment is calculated using the formula M = (WL)/2, where M is the maximum bending
moment, W is the load, and L is the length of the beam.

Design Considerations

1. Q: What are the design considerations for a cantilever beam?

A: Considerations include load calculations, material selection, geometry, and constructability.

2. Q: How do you select the material for a cantilever beam?

A: Selection is based on factors like strength, stiffness, durability, cost, and availability.

3. Q: What are the factors that affect the stability of a cantilever beam?

A: Factors include geometry, material properties, loading conditions, and boundary conditions.

Load Calculations
1. Q: How do you calculate the loads on a cantilever beam?

A: Loads are calculated based on the intended use, such as dead loads, live loads, wind loads, snow loads, and
seismic loads.

2. Q: What are the different types of loads that can act on a cantilever beam?

A: Loads include dead loads, live loads, wind loads, snow loads, seismic loads, and construction loads.

3. Q: How do you calculate the load on a cantilever beam due to wind or seismic loads?

A: Calculations are based on codes and standards, such as ASCE and IBC, and involve dynamic analysis.

Software and Modeling

1. Q: What software is commonly used for the analysis and design of cantilever beams?

A: Software such as ANSYS, Abaqus, and ETABS.

2. Q: How do you model a cantilever beam in a software?

A: Modeling involves defining the geometry, materials, and loads, and then running the analysis.

3. Q: What are the advantages and limitations of using software for cantilever beam analysis?

A: Advantages include speed and accuracy, while limitations include the need for expertise and potential errors in
modeling.

Practical Applications

1. Q: Can you give an example of a real-world application of cantilever beams?

A: Cantilever beams are commonly used in building construction, such as in balconies and canopies.

2. Q: How are cantilever beams used in bridge construction?

A: Cantilever beams are used in bridge construction to provide support for the bridge deck and to resist various
loads.

3. Q: What are the challenges faced in the design and construction of cantilever beams?

A: Challenges include ensuring stability, resisting various loads, and meeting aesthetic requirements.