Histopathologic Techniques

Rationalization

Presented by
Glennford A. Acoba, RMT, DTA, MLS (ASCPi), DSUI
1. It is the decay of the
organic matter by the action of
microorganisms resulting in
the production of a foul smell.
1. It is the decay of the organic matter by the
action of microorganisms resulting in the
production of a foul smell.

a. Autolysis
b. Putrefaction
c. Necrobiosis
d. Inflammation
2. Causes yellow discoloration
in the tissue
2. Causes yellow discoloration in the tissue

a. Zenker’s Fluid
b. Chloroform
c. 10% Nitric acid
d. Cedarwood oil
3. Decalcifying agent to tissue
ratio.
3. Decalcifying agent to tissue ratio.

a. 10:1
b. 20:1
c. 15:1
d. 5:1
4. The most accurate way of
determining the endpoint of
decalcification.
4. The most accurate way of determining the
endpoint of decalcification.

a. Flexibility testing
b. Needle pricking
c. Neutralization
d. X-ray
5. What are the reagents used
in the Chemical method of
determining the endpoint of
decalcification?
5. What are the reagents used in the Chemical
method of determining the endpoint of
decalcification?

a. Ammonium hydroxide and ammonium oxalate

b. Resin and formic acid
c. 1% urea and 5% sodium sulfate
d. 1 % lithium carbonate and 10% HCl
6. What is the function of
anhydrous copper sulfate in
tissue processing?
6. What is the function of anhydrous copper
sulfate in tissue processing?

a. Preservative
b. Dehydration indicator
c. Decalcifying agent
d. Softening agent
7. What is the most important
characteristic of infiltrating
and embedding media?
7. What is the most important characteristic of
infiltrating and embedding media?

a. Convertible from liquid to solid

b. High melting point
c. Hardness
d. Increased molecular weight
8. Advantage of carbowax
except,
8. Advantage of carbowax except,

a. Does not require dehydration and clearing

b. Does not remove neutral fats and lipids
c. For histochemical and enzyme studies
d. Absorbs moisture from the air
9. Advantage of paraffin
infiltration
9. Advantage of paraffin infiltration

a. A very thin sections may be obtained with ease

b. Recommended for heat-sensitive tissue samples
c. Neither
d. Both
10. The average temperature
of the cryostat machine
10. The average temperature of the cryostat
machine

a. -20C
b. 0C-4C
c. -160C to -180C
d. 5 to 10C
11. Which of the following
gives the best result in
honing?
11. Which of the following gives the best result in
honing?

a. Belgium yellow
b. Arkansas
c. Fine carborundum
d. Aloxite
12. What does it mean when
the nucleus is stained with a
vital stain?
12. What does it mean when the nucleus is stained
with a vital stain?

a. Cell death
b. Nucleus is acidic
c. Stain is viable
d. Fixation is complete
13. Which of the following is
not a red cytoplasmic stain?
13. Which of the following is not a red
cytoplasmic stain?

a. Eosin Y
b. Eosin B
c. Phloxine B
d. Rose Bengal
14. Which of the following is
not a nuclear stain?
14. Which of the following is not a nuclear stain?

a. Orange G
b. Neutral red
c. Safranin O
d. Toluidine blue
15. Which of the following is
used for rehydration in H&E
Staining?
15. Which of the following is used for rehydration
in H&E Staining?

a. Xylene
b. 1% acid alcohol
c. Ammonia water
d. Alcohol
16. Which of the following is
used for bluing in H&E
staining?
16. Which of the following is used for bluing in
H&E staining?

a. Xylene
b. Alcohol
c. 1% acid alcohol
d. Ammonia water
17. What is the ripening agent
in Heidenhain’s Hematoxylin?
17. What is the ripening agent in Heidenhain’s
Hematoxylin?

a. Ferric ammonium sulfate

b. Mercuric chloride
c. Sodium iodate
d. Alcoholic iodine
18. Routine nuclear staining,
exfoliative cytology and
staining sex chromosomes.
18. Routine nuclear staining, exfoliative cytology
and staining sex chromosomes.

a. Erlich’s Hematoxylin
b. Harris’ Hematoxylin
c. Weigert’s Hematoxylin
d. Mayer’s Hematoxylin
19. Extracted from the
core/heartwood of a Mexican
tree.
19. Extracted from the core/heartwood of a
Mexican tree.

a. Carmine
b. Orcein
c. Hematoxylin
d. Saffron
20. What is the distance
between the nozzle and the
smear during spray fixation?
20. What is the distance between the nozzle and
the smear during spray fixation?

a. 15 to 25cm
b. 5 to 10cm
c. 1 to 2m
d. 5 to 10m
21. What is the cytoplasmic
stain used in the Pap staining
technique?
21. What is the cytoplasmic stain used in the Pap
staining technique?

a. EA 50
b. OG 6
c. Both
d. Neither
22. Which of the following
stains matured and keratinized
cells?
22. Which of the following stains matured and
keratinized cells?

a. EA 50
b. OG 6
c. Both
d. Neither
23. What is the color of
acidophilic cells after Pap
staining?
23. What is the color of acidophilic cells after Pap
staining?

a. Blue
b. Red
c. Blue green
d. Orange red
24. Extremely useful in the
diagnosis of prostatic
adenocarcinoma.
24. Extremely useful in the diagnosis of prostatic
adenocarcinoma.

a. PSA
b. Vimentin
c. GFAP
d. S100 Protein
25. Specimen collection for
hysterectomy patients.
25. Specimen collection for hysterectomy patients.

a. Endocervical brush
b. Vaginal scrape
c. Lateral vaginal scrape
d. Vulval scrape
26. Which of the following is
considered as the simplest and
least invasive method of
collecting biopsy specimens?
26. Which of the following is considered as the
simplest and least invasive method of collecting
biopsy specimens?

a. FNAB
b. Core needle biopsy
c. Punch biopsy
d. Shave biopsy
27. Which of the following
fixative is used for CNS
tissues and general post-
mortem tissues for
histochemical examinations?
27. Which of the following fixative is used for
CNS tissues and general post-mortem tissues for
histochemical examinations?

a. 10% Formol Saline

b. Osmic Acid
c. Lead Acetate
d. Zenker’s Fluid
28. Which of the following
fixative may also be used as a
weak decalcifying agent?
28. Which of the following fixative may also be
used as a weak decalcifying agent?

a. Tricholoroacetic acid
b. Acetone
c. Osmic acid
d. Picric acid
29. Which of the following is
not a microanatomical
fixative?
29. Which of the following is not a
microanatomical fixative?

a. Bouin’s
b. Newcomer
c. Brazil
d. Heidenhain
30. Which of the following
shoes the correct order of
tissue processing?
30. Which of the following shoes the correct order
of tissue processing?

a. Fix-dehy-decal-clea-infiltrate-embed
b. Fix-dehy-decal-infiltrate-clear-embed
c. Fix-decal-dehy-clear-infiltrate-embed
d. Fix-decal-dehy-clear-microtomy-infiltrate
31. Which of the following is
used to locate the presence
and position of mineral
elements in the tissue?
31. Which of the following is used to locate the
presence and position of mineral elements in the
tissue?

a. Microincineration
b. Autoradiography
c. Freeze-Drying
d. Freeze-Substitution
32. What should be the
melting point of the paraffin
wax if the laboratory
temperature is 20-24C?
32. What should be the melting point of the
paraffin wax if the laboratory temperature is 20-
24C?

a. 54 to 58C
b. 50 to 54C
c. 48 to 52C
d. 45 to 55C
33. What is the minimum
number of changes is
infiltrating agent?
33. What is the minimum number of changes is
infiltrating agent?

a. 2
b. 3
c. 5
d. 4
34. What is the purpose of
heating the paraffin wax to
100-105C?
34. What is the purpose of heating the paraffin
wax to 100-105C?

a. Removal of water
b. Faster infiltration
c. Killing of microorganisms
d. All of the choices
35. Which of the following is
used for embedding eyes?
Paraffin Substitutes
Melting
Substitute Characteristics Use
Point (°C)
Paraplast 56-57 Mixture of purified paraffin and
synthetic plastic polymer
Dense tissue blocks (bones and
brain)
Embeddol 56-58 Synthetic wax substitute Bioloid: for embedding EYES
Tissue Mat: contains RUBBER
Ester Wax 46-48 Soluble in 95% ETOH (hence no need
for clearing)
Used in sliding/sledge
microtome
H2O soluble wax 38-42 Mostly PEG Enzyme histochemistry
or CARBOWAX: most commonly
45-56 used water-soluble wax
35. Which of the following is used for embedding
eyes?

a. Embeddol
b. Bioloid
c. Tissue mat
d. Carbowax
36. All of the following
reagents are used in post
decalcification treatment
except?
36. All of the following reagents are used in post
decalcification treatment except?

a. Water
b. 2% lithium carbonate
c. 5% aq. Sodium bicarbonate
d. 4% aq. phenol
37. Which of the following is
used to decalcify teeth and
small pieces of bones?
37. Which of the following is used to decalcify
teeth and small pieces of bones?

a. Von Ebner’s
b. Rossman’s
c. Gendre’s
d. Perenyi’s
38. Which of the following
acts as both decalcifying agent
and water softerner?
38. Which of the following acts as both
decalcifying agent and water softerner?

a. EDTA
b. Citric Acid-Citrate Buffer
c. 1% HCl in 70% Alcohol
d. Resin and Formic Acid
39. What is done to remove
the yellow discoloration of
nitric acid solution?
39. What is done to remove the yellow
discoloration of nitric acid solution?

a. 0.1% urea
b. 3 changes of 70-90% alcohol
c. 5% NaSO4
d. 1% aq. lithium carbonate
40. Which of the following is
added to Perenyi’s Fluid to
redissolve precipitate upon the
addition of ammonia?
40. Which of the following is added to Perenyi’s
Fluid to redissolve precipitate upon the addition of
ammonia?

a. 0.5% chromic acid

b. Ammonium oxalate
c. Chloral hydrate
d. Glacial acetic acid
41. Best dehydrating agent,
fast-acting and miscible in
water and many organic
solvents.
41. Best dehydrating agent, fast-acting and
miscible in water and many organic solvents.

a. Nitric acid
b. Ethanol
c. Xylene
d. Anhydrous copper sulfate
42. Which of the following acts as
both dehydrating and clearing
agent?
I. Cellosolve
II. Acetone
III. Dioxane
IV: Tetrahydrofuran
42. Which of the following acts as both dehydrating and
clearing agent?
I. Cellosolve
II. Acetone
III. Dioxane
IV: Tetrahydrofuran
a. I and II
b. III and IV
c. I and III
d. II and IV
43. Which of the following is
used to soften hard tissues?
I. 4% phenol
II. Molliflex
III. 1% urea
IV. Sodium thiosulfate
43. Which of the following is used to soften hard
tissues?
I. 4% phenol
II. Molliflex
III. 1% urea
IV. Sodium thiosulfate

a. I and II
b. III and IV
c. I and III
d. II and IV
44. Which of the following
dehydrating agent creates
explosive peroxides?
44. Which of the following dehydrating agent
creates explosive peroxides?

a. Methanol
b. Dioxane
c. Tetrahydrofuran
d. Cellosolve
45. Which of the following is
also referred to as wood
alcohol?
45. Which of the following is also referred to as
wood alcohol?

a. Methanol
b. Dioxane
c. Tetrahydrofuran
d. Cellosolve
46. Specimen collection for
localization of vaginal
adenosis?
46. Specimen collection for localization of vaginal
adenosis?

a. Endocervical brush
b. Four quadrant vaginal scrape
c. Vulval scrape
d. Lateral vaginal scrape
47. Detection of herpetic
lesions or carcinoma
47. Detection of herpetic lesions or carcinoma

a. Endocervical brush
b. Vaginal scrape
c. Vulval scrape
d. Four quadrant vaginal scrape
48. Adhesives used in
cytology except
48. Adhesives used in cytology except

a. Pooled human plasma or serum

b. Celloidin ether alcohol
c. Leuconostoc culture
d. Egg albumin
49. Most commonly used
fixative in cytology
49. Most commonly used fixative in cytology

a. 95% ETOH
b. Equal parts of 95% ETOH and Ether
c. Isopropanol with ethanol
d. Abs. Methanol
50. The function of EA 36 in
Pap staining technique.
50. The function of EA 36 in Pap staining
technique.

a. Differentiator
b. Nuclear stain
c. Stains cytoplasm of immature cells
d. Stains cytoplasm of mature cells
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