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Baskar
1. String
Constructors
2. Character
Extraction
3. String
Comparison
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String Constructors
String: An object storing a sequence of text characters.
The String class supports several constructors.
To create an empty String use default constructor.
String s = new String();
To create a String initialized by an array of characters, use the
constructor
Syntax: String(char chars[])
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Example: char ab[ ] = {‘a’,’b’,’c’};
String s = new String (ab);
To specify a sub range of a character array as an
initializer using the constructor :
Syntax: String(char ab[ ], int startindex, int
numchars)
Example: char chars[ ] = {’a’,’b’,’c’,’d’,’e’,’f’};
String s = new String(chars, 2, 3);
Output: cde
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String Constructors
String object that contains the same character
sequence as another String object using this
constructor:
Syntax: String(String strObj)Example:
class makestring
{
public static void main(String args[])
{ char c[]={’J’,’a’,’v’,’a’};
String s1=new String(c);
String s2=new String(s1);
System.out.println(s1);
System.out.println(s2);
}
}
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String Constructors
The String class provides constructors that initialize a string
when given a byte array.
Syntax
String(byte asciiChars[ ])
String(byte asciiChars[ ], int startIndex,int numChars)
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Example
class substringcons
{
public static void main(String args[])
{
byte ascii[ ] ={65,66,67,68,69,70};
String s1 = new String(ascii);
System.out.println(s1);
String s2 = new String(ascii,2,3);
System.out.println(s2);
}
}
Character Extraction
The String class provides a number of ways in which characters can be extracted from a String object.
charAt() -To extract a single character from a String. Return the char at the specified position.
Syntax: char chatAt(int where)
Example:
char ch = “abc”.charAt(1);
Output: b
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getChars(): To extract more than one characters one at a time
Syntax: void getChars(int sourceStart, int sourceEnd, char target[ ] , int targetStart)
Index of the beginning of the sub
index i.e., one past the end of the desired substring
array that will receive the characters is specified by target
Index within target at which the substring will be copied is passed in targetStart
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Character Extraction
class getcharsdemo
{public static void main(String ab[])
{
String s="this is a demo of the getchars
method.";
int start=10;
int end=14;
char buf[ ] =new char[end-start];
s.getChars(start,end,buf,0);
System.out.println(buf);
}
}
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Character Extraction
getBytes() : It uses the default character-to-byte conversions provided by the platform.
Syntax : byte[ ] = getBytes();
Example
public class StringGetBytesExample
{ public static void main(String ab[])
{ String s1="ABCDE";
byte[] barr=s1.getBytes();
for(int i=0;i<barr.length;i++)
{
System.out.println(barr[i]);
}
}
}
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Character Extraction
toCharArray( ) : To convert all the characters in a String object into character array, the
easiest way is to call toCharArray().
Syntax: char[] toCharArray()
Example
public class StringToCharArrayExample{
public static void main(String args[]){
String s1="hello";
char[] ch=s1.toCharArray();
for(int i=0;i<ch.length;i++){
System.out.print(ch[i]);
}
}}
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To create an empty String use _______ constructor.
Answer: C) default
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String Comparison
The string class includes several methods that
compare strings or substrings within strings.
equals() : Compares the two given strings
based on the content of the string. If any
character is not matched, it returns false. If all
characters are matched, it returns true.
Syntax
public boolean equals(Object anotherObject)
anotherObject : another object i.e.
compared with this string
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String Comparison
equalsIgnoreCase() : Compares the two
given strings on the basis of content of
the string irrespective of case of the
string. If any character is not matched, it
returns false otherwise it returns true.
syntax
public boolean equalsIgnoreCase
(String str)
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String Comparison
RegionMatches( ) : Compares a specific region inside
a string with another specific region in another string.
Syntax
boolean regionMatches(int startIndex, String
str2,int str2StastIndex,int numChars)
Specifies the index at which the region begins
string being compared
Comparision will start Within str2 is specified here
Length of the substring being compared
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String Comparison
The java string startsWith() method checks if this
string starts with given prefix. It returns true if this
string starts with given prefix else returns false.
Syntax
public boolean startsWith(String prefix)
prefix : Sequence of character
public boolean startsWith(String prefix, int offset)
This is overloaded method of startWith()
method which is used to pass one extra
argument (offset) to the function.
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String Comparison
The java string endsWith() method
checks if this string ends with given suffix.
It returns true if this string ends with given
suffix else returns false.
syntax
public boolean endsWith
(String suffix)
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String Comparison
equals( ) Versus = =
compares a characters inside
compares two object references
to see
a String object whether they refer
to the same instance.
equals( ) :
syntax
public boolean equals( Object
anotherObject)
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String Comparison
compareTo( ) : It is not enough to simply know
whether 2 strings are identical. For sorting
applications, you need to know which is less
than, equal to, greater than the next.
A string is less than another if it comes
before the other in dictionary order.
A string is greater than another if it
comes after the other in dictionary
order.
Syntax
int compareTo(String str)
if s1 > s2, it returns positive number
if s1 < s2, it returns negative number
if s1 == s2, it returns 0
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The java string endsWith() method checks if this string ends with
given___________.
Answer: A) suffix
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Summary
String: An object storing a sequence of text characters.
To create an empty String use default constructor
To specify a sub range of a character array as an initializer using the constructor.
The String class provides constructors that initialize a string when given a byte
array.
getBytes() uses the default character-to-byte conversions provided by the
platform.
String Comparison methods are equalsIgnoreCase() , startwith(), endswith(),
equals, compareTo().,
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Quiz
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