Big data Topic

✅ 1-Mark Tricky MCQs

1. Which of the following best represents the characteristic "Veracity" in big data?
A. Amount of data
B. Speed of incoming data
C. Data accuracy and trustworthiness
D. Variety of sources
2. Which type of data is typically gathered from RFID tags and customer logins?
A. Provoked data
B. Created data
C. User-generated data
D. Captured data
3. What is the key distinction of unstructured data compared to structured data?
A. It is more accurate
B. It has a specific collection purpose
C. It lacks predefined format or structure
D. It only comes from transactions
4. Which term is associated with processing large volumes of data across multiple
servers?
A. Python
B. Oracle
C. Hadoop
D. SQL
5. Which of the following is NOT typically classified as structured data?
A. Transacted data
B. Provoked data
C. Created data
D. Captured data
6. Which term refers to finding patterns in data using statistical algorithms?
A. Data collection
B. Data entry
C. Data mining
D. Data warehousing
7. Tweets and photos posted voluntarily by users are examples of:
A. Created data
B. Captured data
C. User-generated data
D. Provoked data
8. Which of the following is a source of machine-generated data?
A. Social media posts
B. Text messages
 C. Blogs
D. Sensors and website logs
9. Which “V” in big data refers to the wide range of data types available?
A. Volume
B. Velocity
C. Variety
D. Veracity
10. Open data most likely comes from:
A. Private corporations
B. Customer transactions
C. Public sector organisations
D. Social networks

✅ 2-Mark Case-Based MCQs

1. A retail company wants to analyse millions of customer transactions and browsing
histories to predict future purchasing behavior. Which technique should it use, and
what data type is most likely involved?
A. Data mining; Provoked data
B. Predictive analytics; Transacted data
C. Data cleaning; Compiled data
D. Data transformation; User-generated data
2. An organisation is analysing GPS data from delivery vehicles and combining it with
warehouse stock levels to optimise logistics. What best describes the nature and
source of this big data?
A. Created data from open data
B. Captured data from machine-generated sources
C. Transacted data from compiled databases
D. User-generated data from sensors
3. A government publishes public transportation and pollution data for tech
companies to build apps. What kind of data is being shared and which "V" does this
primarily support?
A. Human-sourced; Veracity
B. Machine-generated; Velocity
C. Open data; Variety
D. Open data; Volume
4. A clothing brand tracks customer clicks, cart additions, and purchases to refine its
recommendation engine. What kind of structured data are they using?
A. Provoked and created data
B. Transacted and created data
C. Compiled and captured data
D. Open and user-generated data
5. A telecom company processes real-time call logs and internet usage patterns across
millions of users to detect anomalies and prevent fraud. Which key characteristics
 and tools are involved?
A. Veracity and Hadoop
B. Volume and Oracle
C. Velocity and Hadoop
D. Variety and SQL

✅ Answers
1-Mark MCQs:

1. C
2. B
3. C
4. C
5. D
6. C
7. C
8. D
9. C
10. C

2-Mark MCQs:

1. B (Predictive analytics predicts future behavior; transaction data is involved)

2. B (Unstructured, passively gathered GPS data from sensors = captured, machine-
generated)
3. D (Public sector data = open data; supports data diversity = variety)
4. B (Website actions = created; sales = transacted)
5. C (Real-time logs = velocity; Hadoop handles massive, rapid data)

Here is a new set of 10 tricky 1-mark MCQs and 5 case-based 2-mark MCQs based on the
provided content about Data Science, Data Analytics, and Big Data risks and management.

✅ 1-Mark Tricky MCQs

1. Which of the following best defines the role of a data scientist?
A. Collecting customer feedback only
B. Managing IT infrastructure
 C. Extracting, analysing and interpreting large datasets
D. Monitoring social media accounts
2. What is the key distinction of data analytics compared to traditional reporting?
A. It uses static pre-formatted reports
B. It uses fields from within the source data itself
C. It avoids visual presentation of data
D. It ignores unstructured data
3. Which of the following is NOT typically a benefit of data science?
A. Enhancing transparency
B. Automating decision-making
C. Creating manual reports
D. Identifying new product ideas
4. Which risk arises when organisations become too reliant on data for decisions?
A. Data visualisation overload
B. Data dependency
C. Cyber crime
D. Performance saturation
5. Data science deals with all of the following EXCEPT:
A. Data collection
B. Data security legislation
C. Data analysis
D. Data visualisation
6. Which type of decision-making does data analytics help automate?
A. All decisions
B. Government regulations
C. Non-routine decisions
D. Strategic policy
7. Which of the following is an example of performance improvement via data
analytics?
A. Creating customer surveys
B. Tracking employee hours
C. Real-time insights improving profitability
D. Building more data centers
8. What aspect of big data does the risk of “data dependency” most directly relate to?
A. Volume
B. Variety
C. Velocity
D. Veracity
9. Information overload can hinder:
A. Data storage
B. Legal compliance
C. Decision-making speed
D. Customer satisfaction
10. Data analytics most commonly present findings using tools such as:
A. Blockchains and QR codes
B. Bar charts and pie charts
 C. Mind maps and sketchbooks
D. Written essays

✅ 2-Mark Case-Based MCQs

1. A company uses data science tools to gather data from multiple sources, analyse it in
real time, and display insights on customer churn. The CEO uses these insights to
adjust pricing strategies immediately. Which two benefits are being leveraged here?
A. Data privacy and storage optimisation
B. Market segmentation and performance improvement
C. Innovation and data dependency
D. Data security and transparency
2. An organisation discovers that due to poor interpretation of their analytics
dashboard, managers made flawed stock decisions, resulting in loss. What risk is
most directly demonstrated here?
A. Data overload
B. Data dependency
C. Performance error
D. Workforce misallocation
3. A startup is building its operations heavily on data science, but fails to secure its
databases. Competitors later access their predictive insights. Which risk is most
evident?
A. Data overload
B. Information fatigue
C. Data security breach
D. Innovation mismanagement
4. A marketing team uses data analytics to split customers into groups based on
buying habits and customizes email campaigns accordingly. What value creation is
illustrated?
A. Performance improvement
B. Market segmentation and customisation
C. Transparency
D. Risk management
5. A business collects massive datasets and hires skilled data scientists, but due to
outdated storage infrastructure, the system frequently fails. Which combination of
risks is present?
A. Data privacy and dependency
B. Workforce skills and data overload
C. Storage and workforce skills
D. Security and information overload
✅ Answers
1-Mark MCQs:

1. C
2. B
3. C
4. B
5. B
6. C
7. C
8. D
9. C
10. B

2-Mark MCQs:

1. B (Real-time decision-making = performance; customer targeting = segmentation)

2. B (Flawed decisions due to bad interpretation = data dependency)
3. C (Failing to protect analytics = data security breach)
4. B (Splitting and targeting customers = segmentation/customisation)
5. C (Storage failure + lack of skilled staff = both listed risks)

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Here is a set of 10 tricky 1-mark MCQs and 5 case-based 2-mark MCQs based on your
content about Intelligent Systems and Automation, Artificial Intelligence (AI), and Expert
Systems.

✅ 1-Mark Tricky MCQs

1. Which of the following tasks would least likely be associated with artificial
intelligence?
A. Solving problems
B. Sending emails automatically based on rules
C. Learning from data
D. Understanding human language
2. Which of the following best describes intelligent systems?
A. Manual systems used by professionals
B. Computer systems that only store data
 C. Systems that interpret data and act upon it
D. Robots programmed to follow a fixed script
3. What distinguishes automation from AI?
A. Automation always requires human approval
B. AI learns and reasons; automation follows pre-set rules
C. AI is used only in manufacturing
D. Automation can think like humans
4. A live chat function that suggests answers based on customer input is an example of:
A. Humanised AI
B. Manual helpdesk support
C. Expert system using AI
D. Data warehousing
5. Which type of AI includes emotional and cognitive intelligence but is not self-aware?
A. Analytical AI
B. Machine learning
C. Human-inspired AI
D. Humanised AI
6. Which is an example of automation, not intelligent behaviour?
A. Route optimisation using past data
B. Sending an invoice when a transaction is complete
C. Recommending products based on browsing history
D. Fraud detection based on patterns
7. What do intelligent systems and AI systems have in common?
A. Both only work in IT sectors
B. Both rely on human instructions for every action
C. Both interpret and act on data
D. Both are incapable of learning
8. Which field does not directly contribute to intelligent system development?
A. Brain sciences
B. Linguistics
C. Psychology
D. Agriculture
9. Which of the following is the most advanced form of AI?
A. Analytical
B. Human-inspired
C. Humanised
D. Expert
10. Which sector is least likely to use intelligent systems currently?
A. Logistics
B. Defence
C. IT services
D. Manual farming

✅ 2-Mark Case-Based MCQs

 1. A logistics firm uses AI software that adapts its delivery routes in real time based on
weather and traffic updates. What kind of AI is most likely being used and what
benefit does this deliver?
A. Humanised AI; customer engagement
B. Analytical AI; operational efficiency
C. Human-inspired AI; emotional decisions
D. Basic automation; delivery speed
2. A company has developed a virtual assistant that can understand customer
frustration based on message tone and suggest personalised responses. What type of
AI does this represent and which interdisciplinary fields support this?
A. Analytical AI; psychology and IT
B. Human-inspired AI; psychology and linguistics
C. Automation; psychology and operations
D. Humanised AI; only IT
3. A bank uses a system to monitor transactions, learn spending patterns, and block
suspicious activity automatically without human input. What kind of system and AI
capability is being demonstrated?
A. Automation with no AI
B. Expert system using machine learning
C. Humanised AI with full emotional understanding
D. Manual fraud detection
4. A customer support chatbot filters basic queries and suggests answers, freeing
human agents to focus on complex cases. What two technologies are working
together in this example?
A. Automation and data storage
B. Expert systems and AI
C. Data mining and hardware systems
D. Manual scripts and voice response
5. A robotic system in a manufacturing plant learns to optimise its movements based
on real-time production data. What combination of features does this best describe?
A. Basic robotics with AI support
B. Expert system using cognitive automation
C. Intelligent system with machine learning capabilities
D. Humanised AI with full autonomy

✅ Answers
1-Mark MCQs:

1. B (Sending automated emails is basic automation, not AI-level intelligence)

2. C
3. B
4. C
5. C
 6. B
7. C
8. D
9. C
10. D

2-Mark MCQs:

1. B (Real-time adaptation = analytical AI; improves efficiency)

2. B (Understanding tone = emotional + cognitive = human-inspired AI)
3. B (Pattern recognition + autonomous action = expert system + ML)
4. B (Filtering + suggesting = expert system + AI function)
5. C (Learning from real-time input = intelligent system + ML)

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a visual summary!

Thank you! Based on the provided content, here are your carefully designed Multiple Choice
Questions on Cloud Computing and Cloud Accounting, following your instructions:

✅ Section A: 10 Tricky 1-Mark MCQs

1. Which of the following best distinguishes Software as a Service (SaaS) from hosted
applications?

A. SaaS runs on the user's own desktop

B. SaaS is installed manually and accessed offline
C. SaaS uses the provider’s cloud servers for both storage and processing
D. Hosted apps do not require internet access

2. Which of the following statements is true?

1. Cloud computing requires software installation on the user's local machine.

2. Cloud services can be both public and private.
A. Only 1
B. Only 2
C. Both 1 and 2
D. Neither 1 nor 2

3. Which of the following is least aligned with the core characteristics of a cloud service?

A. Users are charged based on demand

B. Users control all system updates
C. It is scalable based on user needs
D. It is fully managed by the provider

4. Which of the following does not directly resolve a limitation of traditional accounting
software?

A. Cloud accounting being accessible via mobile

B. Automatic backups managed by providers
C. Manual data transfers via USB
D. Multi-user collaboration in real time

5. Which of these risks is most likely unique to cloud accounting compared to traditional
software?

A. Risk of data being outdated

B. Risk of cyberattacks or hacking
C. Inability to access data on one computer
D. Complexity in installing software upgrades

6. Which of the following services is most likely to be sold by the minute or hour?

A. Annual accounting subscription license

B. One-time hardware purchase
C. On-demand processing time in a cloud environment
D. A downloadable desktop spreadsheet application

7. Which of the following does not represent a benefit of cloud accounting?

A. Applications run even without internet access
B. No upfront purchase cost
C. Collaboration is easier through sharing links
D. Automatic software updates

8. What makes cloud computing similar to electricity supply?

A. It requires complex physical infrastructure at the user’s end

B. It is distributed physically through wires
C. It is accessed as a utility over a network and billed by usage
D. It cannot be scaled based on demand

9. What makes SaaS especially beneficial for growing businesses?

A. SaaS requires no backup support

B. Licenses can scale as business grows
C. SaaS always comes with custom-built applications
D. It eliminates the need for financial data

10. Which of the following is true about cloud accounting risks?

1. Changes made by the supplier can cause disruption.

2. Users always retain backup copies on local machines.

A. Only 1
B. Only 2
C. Both 1 and 2
D. Neither 1 nor 2

✅ Section B: 5 Two-Mark Case-Based MCQs

11. A startup firm uses desktop-based accounting software. Their files are shared via USB, only
one employee can access it at a time, and backups are rarely maintained. Which cloud
accounting feature would best resolve multiple of these problems?
A. Ability to install accounting tools offline
B. Automatic data backup and multi-user access
C. Use of complex private servers
D. Local-only access with no internet dependency

12. A small business is looking for a solution where they don’t need powerful PCs or in-house
IT experts, but still want real-time access to accounting data across locations. What should they
choose?

A. Traditional server-based accounting

B. Standalone desktop financial applications
C. Cloud accounting software via SaaS
D. Offline spreadsheets with password protection

13. An accountant accesses financial software online and notices that all processing and data
storage happens off-site. However, they cannot work during a network outage. What model is
this, and what is its main drawback?

A. Hosted desktop model; poor interface

B. SaaS model; dependency on internet access
C. P2P model; lack of encryption
D. Traditional software; lack of scalability

14. A company’s cloud accounting software undergoes an automatic update overnight, resulting
in slight delays and compatibility issues with other tools. Which risk does this situation
highlight?

A. Legal risk due to foreign data centers

B. System failure due to user misuse
C. Unannounced software change
D. Software piracy and unauthorized usage

15. A multinational firm is concerned about storing customer data on cloud servers hosted
abroad, where local data privacy laws differ. What type of cloud accounting risk does this
represent?

A. Overhead cost risk

B. Legislative or jurisdictional risk
C. Processing speed limitation
D. Risk from outdated desktop software

✅ Answer Key
Q.No Answer
1 C
2 B
3 B
4 C
5 B
6 C
7 A
8 C
9 B
10 A
11 B
12 C
13 B
14 C
15 B

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or need printable worksheets!