Department of Education
Region VI-Western Visayas
Schools Division of Aklan
BURUANGA VOCATIONAL SCHOOL
Katipunan, Buruanga, Aklan
LESSON PLAN IN PRACTICAL RESEARCH 2 FOR GRADE 12
DURATION : FIRST QUARTER - WEEK 4
GRADE LEVEL : Grade - 12
LEARNING AREA : Practical Research 2
I. OBJECTIVES:
A. Content Standard
The learners demonstrate understanding of...
1. the characteristics, strengths, weaknesses, and kinds of quantitative research
2. the importance of quantitative research across fields
3. the nature of variables
B. Performance Standard
The learners should be able to decide on suitable quantitative research in
different areas of interest.
C. Learning Competency
differentiates kinds of variables and their uses (CS_RS12-Ia-c-3)
II. SUBJECT MATTER:
Topic : Kinds of variables and their uses
References : Curriculum guide
Materials : Whiteboard or projector, Markers or pens, Worksheets,
Examples of research studies
TEACHER’S ACTIVITY STUDENT’S ACTIVITY TIME ALLOTED
A. E N G AG E M E N T 20 mins
(Day 1)
Department of Education
DAILY ROUTINE Region VI-Western Visayas
● Prayer Our Father
Schools . . . of Aklan
Division
● Checking of Attendance Everybody
BURUANGA is present, Ma’am.
VOCATIONAL SCHOOL
Katipunan, Buruanga, Aklan
Begin by asking students to share their Components, represents amount such as
understanding of the word "variable." height, age or weight.
Present a real-life scenario involving different
variables (e.g., the relationship between
hours of study and exam scores).
Ask students to identify possible variables in
the scenario.
40 mins - (Day 1)
MOTIVATION
Introduce the concept of variables used in
research by watching the video.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=mjT8Tn_-
13Y
Let the student share their thoughts about the
different variables used in research according
to the video.
Use the image below to summarize their
ideas.
B. E X P L O R A T I O N 60 mins - (Day 2)
Introduce the concept of variables in
research.
Explain the difference between independent
and dependent variables using clear
examples.
Discuss other types of variables (e.g., control,
intervening, extraneous) and provide
examples.
Divide students into groups and assign each
group a specific type of variable.
Department of Education
Region VI-Western Visayas
Schools Division of Aklan
BURUANGA VOCATIONAL SCHOOL
Katipunan, Buruanga, Aklan
Prepared by: Noted by: Approved by:
KHLYNE C. LEYSON JOVELYN C. SUALOG JONATHAN O. TAPISPISAN
Teacher I SHS Coordinator School Principal I
Name: ______________________________ Grade and Strand: _______________ Date: _______
Activity #5: Types of Variables
Types of Variables in Quantitative Research
Variables are the characteristics or properties that can vary among individuals or groups. In quantitative research,
understanding the different types of variables is crucial for designing the study, collecting data, and analyzing results.
Based on Role in Research
Independent Variable (IV): This is the variable that the researcher manipulates or controls to observe its effect on the
dependent variable. It is the presumed cause.
Dependent Variable (DV): This is the variable that is measured or observed and is expected to be influenced by the
independent variable. It is the presumed effect.
Control Variable: These are variables that are held constant to minimize their impact on the dependent variable.
Extraneous Variable: These are variables that can influence the dependent variable but are not of primary interest to
the researcher. They can be controlled or accounted for in the research design.
Based on Data Type
Quantitative Variables: These variables represent numerical data.
1. Discrete Variables: These variables have a finite number of values and cannot be subdivided. Examples
include number of children, number of cars.
2. Continuous Variables: These variables can take on any value within a range and can be infinitely divided.
Examples include height, weight, time.
Categorical Variables: These variables represent categories or groups.
1. Nominal Variables: These variables have categories with no inherent order. Examples include gender,
marital status, eye color.
2. Ordinal Variables: These variables have categories with a specific order or rank. Examples include
education level (high school, bachelor's, master's), Likert scale ratings.
Department of Education
Region VI-Western Visayas
Schools Division of Aklan
BURUANGA VOCATIONAL SCHOOL
Katipunan, Buruanga, Aklan
Independent Variables (IV) Eye color
Experimental studies: Occupation
Dosage of a medication
Type of teaching method Ordinal:
Different advertising campaigns Educational level (high school,
bachelor's, master's)
Non-experimental studies: Likert scale ratings (strongly
Age disagree, disagree, neutral, agree,
Gender strongly agree)
Education level Socioeconomic status (low, middle,
Income high)
Dependent Variables (DV)
Experimental studies:
Patient's recovery time
Student test scores
Product sales
Non-experimental studies:
Levels of stress
Job satisfaction
Crime rates
Control Variables
In a study on the effect of caffeine
on heart rate:
Age, weight, and overall health of
participants
Time of day when caffeine is
consumed
Type of caffeine consumed (coffee,
tea, energy drink)
Extraneous Variables
In a study on the effect of a new diet
pill on weight loss:
Participants' exercise habits
Stress levels
Genetic predisposition to weight loss
Quantitative Variables
Discrete:
Number of children per family
Number of cars owned
Number of errors on a test
Continuous:
Height
Weight
Temperature
Time
Categorical Variables
Nominal:
Gender
Marital status
