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Lecture 6 (Mesh Analysis)

The document outlines the Mesh Analysis method for solving electric circuits, focusing on the Mesh-Current equations and super mesh concepts. It details the steps involved in mesh analysis, including identifying meshes, assigning currents, applying Kirchhoff's Voltage Law, and solving linear equations. Additionally, it provides exercises and solutions to reinforce understanding of the method.

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yusuf tarek
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0% found this document useful (0 votes)
36 views22 pages

Lecture 6 (Mesh Analysis)

The document outlines the Mesh Analysis method for solving electric circuits, focusing on the Mesh-Current equations and super mesh concepts. It details the steps involved in mesh analysis, including identifying meshes, assigning currents, applying Kirchhoff's Voltage Law, and solving linear equations. Additionally, it provides exercises and solutions to reinforce understanding of the method.

Uploaded by

yusuf tarek
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Electric Circuits I: ELCT 301

Winter 2024
Lecture 6: Mesh Analysis (Mesh-Current Method)

Course Instructors: Assoc. Prof. Dr. Eman Azab


Assoc. Prof. Dr. Wassim Alexan

Faculty of Information Engineering


Technology
Electric Circuit I ELCT301
Winter 2024

Intended Learning Objectives

 To learn how to write (Mesh\Loop Analysis) Mesh-Current equations

 To define the super mesh and to include the super-mesh in the loop
analysis formulation

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The Mesh-Current Method

“Loop Analysis”

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Electric Circuit I ELCT301
Winter 2024

Mesh Current Method (Loop Analysis)

 Nodal analysis was developed by applying KCL at each non-


reference node

 Mesh-Current method is developed by applying KVL around meshes


in the circuit

 Loop (mesh) analysis results in a system of linear equations which


must be solved for unknown currents

 Reduces the number of required equations to the number of meshes

 Can be done systematically with little thinking

 As usual, be careful writing mesh equations – follow sign convention

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Electric Circuit I ELCT301
Winter 2024

Definitions
 Mesh: Loop that does not enclose other loops

 Branch: Path between 2 essential nodes

How many mesh-currents?

No. of essential nodes ‘Ne’


Ne = 4 A

No. of branches ‘Be’


Be = 6
+
B C
No. of Mesh-currents ‘M’ -

M = Be –(Ne-1)

•Enough equations to get unknowns

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Electric Circuit I ELCT301
Winter 2024

Steps of Mesh Analysis

1. Identify the number of basic meshes

2. Assign a current to each mesh

3. Apply KVL around each loop to get an equation in terms of the


loop currents

4. Solve the resulting system of linear equations

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Steps of Mesh Analysis

1. Identifying the Meshes 1kW 1kW


Ne = 2
Be = 3
M = Be-(Ne-1)
+ Mesh 2 +
V1 Mesh 1 V2
M = 3-(2-1) = 2 – –
1kW
2. Assigning Mesh Currents
1kW 1kW

1kW
+ +
V1 I1 I2 V2
– –

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Electric Circuit I ELCT301
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Steps of Mesh Analysis

Note: Formulation of voltage drop in terms of Mesh Currents

+ VR – + VR –
R I2
R
I1
I1

VR = I1 R VR = (I1 - I2 ) R

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Electric Circuit I ELCT301
Winter 2024

Steps of Mesh Analysis

3 & 4. Writing Mesh-Current Equations and solving them simultaneously


R1 W R2 W

R3 W
V1 + +
I1 I2 V2
– –

-V1 + I1 R1 + (I1 - I2) R3 = 0

I2 R2 + V2 + (I2-I1) R3 = 0

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Electric Circuit I ELCT301
Winter 2024

Exercise 1
Find the power supplied by the sources using Mesh current method

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Exercise 1
 Find the power supplied by the sources using Mesh current method
M= 3-(2-1) = 2
 Assign mesh currents
 Write mesh equations:
i1(12) + (i1-i2)2+ i1(4) -12= 0
i2(9) +8+ i2(3) + (i2-i1) 2= 0
 Solve mesh equations:
i1 = 0.6129 A & i2 = - 0.4838 A
 P12V = -12 i1 & P9V = 8 i2

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Mesh Current Method Cases

Case I: When a current source exists only in one mesh

Mesh 1:

-10 + 4i1 + 6(i1-i2) = 0

Mesh 2:

i2 = - 5 A

There is no need to write a loop equation

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Winter 2024

Mesh Current Method Cases


Case II: Super Mesh (when a current source exists between two
meshes)

4i1 + 2 (i1 – i3) + 2(i2 – i3) + 8i2 = 0

i2 – i1 = 5 A

-10 + 2(i3 – i2 ) + 2(i3 –i1) = 0


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Electric Circuit I ELCT301
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Exercise 2
Find the power supplied by the voltage source using the Mesh current
method

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Exercise 2 Solutions
Find the power supplied by the voltage source using the Mesh current
method
Source current:
𝑖2 − 𝑖1 = 4A
Super Mesh equation:

2 𝑖1 − 𝑖3 + 4𝑖1 + 8𝑖2 + 6 𝑖2 − 𝑖4 = 0
Mesh 3:
−30 + 2 𝑖3 − 𝑖1 + 3 𝑖3 − 𝑖4 = 0
Mesh 4:

6 𝑖4 − 𝑖2 + 𝑖4 + 3 𝑖4 − 𝑖3 = 0
Solving this LSE, we obtain:
𝑖3 = 8.561 𝐴 → 𝑃30𝑉 = −𝑖𝑉 = − 8.561 30 = −256.83 𝑊
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Mesh Current Method Cases


Case III: Mesh with Dependent Sources

−20 + 4 𝑖1 − 𝑖3 + 2 𝑖1 − 𝑖2 = 0

4 𝑖3 − 𝑖1 + 6𝑖3 + 8 𝑖3 − 𝑖2 = 0

−10𝑖𝑜 + 2 𝑖2 − 𝑖1 + 8 𝑖2 − 𝑖3 = 0

In addition to the 3 Mesh equations, an extra


equation defining the control parameter of the
dependent source must be formulated:

𝑖0 = 𝑖3

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Exercise 3

Use the Mesh current method to find 𝑖0

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Exercise 3 Solutions

Use the Mesh current method to find 𝑖0

𝑖1 = 4A
3 𝑖2 − 𝑖1 + 2𝑖2 − 5𝑖𝑜 + 𝑖2 − 𝑖3 = 0

−20 + 5 𝑖3 − 𝑖1 + 1 𝑖3 − 𝑖2 + 5𝑖𝑜 + 4𝑖3 = 0


𝑖𝑜 = 𝑖1 − 𝑖3

8
𝑖𝑜 = − = −0.4706𝐴
17

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Exercise 4

Use Mesh analysis to find 𝑉Δ and 𝐼Φ

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Exercise 4
Solutions 𝒊𝟏

𝒊𝟐 𝒊𝟑 𝒊𝟒 𝒊𝟓

• Mesh 1: −175𝑖Φ + 20 (𝑖1 − 𝑖4 ) + 5(𝑖1 −𝑖3 ) + 10(𝑖1 −𝑖2 ) = 0


• Mesh 2: 100 𝑖2 + 10(𝑖2 −𝑖1 ) + 60 = 0
• Mesh 3: −60 + 5(𝑖3 −𝑖1 ) + 200(𝑖3 −𝑖4 ) = 0
• Mesh 4: 200(𝑖4 −𝑖3 ) + 20(𝑖4 −𝑖1 ) + 400(𝑖4 −𝑖5 ) = 0
• From mesh 5, we know that: 𝑖5 = −0.625𝑉Δ Faculty of Information Engineering
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• As well as: 𝑉Δ = 5(𝑖1 − 𝑖3 ), 𝑖Φ = 𝑖4 − 𝑖3
• Solving this LSE, we get: 𝑖1 = 12.6825𝐴, 𝑖2 = 0.6075𝐴, 𝑖3 = 18.6825𝐴
𝑖4 = 18.5325𝐴, 𝑖5 = 18.75𝐴, 𝑖Φ = −0.15𝐴, 𝑉Δ = −30𝑉 20
Electric Circuit I ELCT301
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Exercise 5

Use Mesh analysis to find 𝑉0

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Exercise 5
Solutions 𝒊𝟓

• Mesh 1: 𝑖1 = 4 𝑚𝐴
• Super mesh 2:
𝒊𝟏 𝒊𝟑 𝒊𝟒
𝑖1 − 𝑖2 = 2 𝑚𝐴 𝒊𝟐

𝑖2 = 2 𝑚𝐴

• Mesh 3: (𝑖3 −𝑖2 ) × 1𝑘 + (𝑖3 −𝑖5 ) × 1𝑘 + (𝑖3 −𝑖4 ) × 1𝑘 = 0


• Mesh 4: (𝑖4 − 𝑖3 ) × 1𝑘 + (𝑖4 ) × 1𝑘 + (𝑖4 ) × 1𝑘 = 0
• Mesh 5: (𝑖5 − 𝑖3 ) × 1𝑘 + 12 + (𝑖5 −𝑖1 ) × 1𝑘 − 2𝑉𝑥 = 0
• We also have: 𝑉𝑥 = (𝑖2 −𝑖3 ) × 1𝑘
𝑖3 = 0, 𝑖4 = 0, 𝑖5 = −2 𝑚𝐴, 𝑉0 = 0
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