Disaster Management Project
1. Introduction to Disaster Management
Disasters are sudden, unfortunate events that disrupt the normal functioning of society, causing damage to
life, property, and the environment. These disasters can be natural (earthquakes, floods, cyclones) or man-
made (fires, chemical leaks, terror attacks). Disaster Management is the systematic approach to preparing
for, responding to, and recovering from these events. Its main goal is to minimize harm and help people
rebuild their lives.
2. Getting Acquainted with Disaster Management
Disaster Management consists of three key stages: - Prevention and Preparedness: Awareness programs,
training, infrastructure development. - Response: Rescue operations, medical aid, and emergency relief. -
Recovery: Rehabilitation, rebuilding, and psychological support. Being informed about disaster
management helps communities respond better and recover faster, increasing resilience.
3. Specific Hazards and Mitigation Methods
Natural Disasters:
1. Earthquakes
2. Use earthquake-resistant buildings.
3. Regular safety drills.
4. Secure heavy items at home.
5. Floods
6. Build proper drainage and levees.
7. Raise embankments.
8. Relocate flood-prone communities.
9. Cyclones
10. Use cyclone shelters.
11. Install early warning systems.
12. Secure rooftops and windows.
13. Droughts
14. Practice rainwater harvesting.
15. Use drought-resistant crops.
16. Drip and sprinkler irrigation.
Man-made Disasters:
1. Fires
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2. Install alarms and extinguishers.
3. Conduct fire safety drills.
4. Educate on fire safety.
5. Industrial Accidents
6. Use safety equipment.
7. Train workers.
8. Properly store chemicals.
9. Terror Attacks
10. Install CCTV and surveillance.
11. Conduct mock drills.
12. Public cooperation and awareness.
Real-Life Examples: - Bhopal Gas Tragedy (1984): Worst industrial disaster due to gas leak. - Delhi Anaj
Mandi Fire (2019): Poor safety led to deaths. - Mumbai 26/11 Attacks (2008): Highlighted urban
vulnerabilities.
4. Preventing Common Human Disasters
• Enforce building safety codes.
• Regulate use of natural resources.
• Improve road and traffic safety.
• Avoid illegal construction.
• Public awareness campaigns.
5. Community Planning for Disaster Management
• Train local volunteers in basic first aid and rescue.
• Identify and maintain safe shelters.
• Form Community Disaster Response Teams (CDRTs).
• Conduct regular drills and awareness drives.
• Create emergency contact directories.
Example: In Odisha, cyclone shelters saved thousands during Cyclone Fani.
6. Government Efforts in India
• NDMA (National Disaster Management Authority): National-level coordination.
• SDRF (State Disaster Response Force): Rapid state-level response units.
• Disaster Management Act, 2005: Legal framework.
• Aapda Mitra: Volunteer program.
• School safety programs and SMS alerts for public awareness.
• Sendai Framework adopted for risk reduction.
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7. Role of Schools in Disaster Management
• Conduct mock drills (fire, earthquake).
• Teach evacuation procedures and emergency contacts.
• Promote disaster awareness in classrooms.
• Encourage students to share knowledge with families.
• Train in basic first aid and CPR.
8. Role of Technology in Disaster Management
• Satellites: Weather forecasting and hazard alerts.
• Drones: Search and rescue in difficult terrain.
• GPS & GIS Mapping: Helps track resources and high-risk areas.
• Apps & SMS Alerts: MyNDMA, eSANDESH, Indian Weather App.
• AI Prediction Models: Used to predict cyclones and floods.
Example: ISRO’s satellites assisted Uttarakhand rescue efforts in 2013.
9. Real-Life Case Studies from India
1. 2001 Gujarat Earthquake
2. Over 20,000 deaths.
3. Led to strict building norms and better preparedness.
4. 2004 Indian Ocean Tsunami
5. Thousands killed along the coast.
6. India set up tsunami warning centers post disaster.
7. 2013 Uttarakhand Floods
8. Heavy rainfall caused flash floods.
9. Helicopters and forces saved thousands.
10. 2018 Kerala Floods
11. Over 400 dead; large-scale damage.
12. Drones and boats used in rescue.
10. Disaster Management Cycle
1. Mitigation: Prevent or reduce impact (e.g., embankments, fireproofing).
2. Preparedness: Training and awareness before disaster (e.g., drills).
3. Response: Immediate action during disaster (e.g., rescue, first aid).
4. Recovery: Long-term rebuilding (e.g., mental health, housing).
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11. Safety Tips for Different Disasters
Disaster Dos Don’ts
Earthquake Drop, Cover, Hold Don’t use elevators
Flood Move to higher ground Don’t walk in floodwaters
Fire Use stairs, cover nose Don’t use lifts or run blindly
Cyclone Stay indoors, close windows Don’t go near trees
Pandemic Wear masks, wash hands Don’t panic or spread rumors
12. Role of Citizens in Disaster Management
• Participate in local training and drills.
• Keep an emergency kit at home.
• Educate family members about safety.
• Volunteer for rescue and relief work.
• Avoid spreading rumors during crises.
• Help the elderly, children, and differently-abled during evacuations.
13. Impact of Climate Change on Disasters
• Higher temperatures cause heatwaves and wildfires.
• Melting glaciers increase risk of floods.
• Irregular rainfall leads to droughts or flash floods.
• Ocean warming fuels more intense cyclones.
What We Can Do: - Reduce carbon footprint. - Use eco-friendly transport. - Plant trees and support
afforestation. - Follow sustainable practices in daily life.
14. Real-Life Stories
Ravi’s Rescue in Kedarnath: A young boy, Ravi, was trapped in a flooded house during the 2013
Uttarakhand floods. Thanks to timely helicopter support and local rescue teams, he was saved. This shows
how early warning and teamwork matter.
Kerala Drones in 2018: In the 2018 Kerala floods, drones located stranded families and delivered food.
Technology proved life-saving.
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15. Personal Reflection
"Through this project, I learned that disasters don’t warn us before arriving, but we can always be ready.
Our school conducts fire drills and teaches emergency contact numbers. I now understand the importance
of an emergency kit and how to stay calm and alert in emergencies."
16. Conclusion
Disaster Management is not just a subject – it is a responsibility. Preparedness, awareness, and unity can
reduce damage and save lives. Everyone — government, community, school, and citizens — plays a key
role.
"Disasters can destroy buildings, not our spirit — if we are prepared."
Let’s pledge to create a disaster-resilient and informed India.
[Drawings and Diagrams to Include] - Disaster Management Cycle - Earthquake Evacuation Plan - Flood
Rescue Operations - Cyclone Shelter Setup - Case Study Maps
(End of Project)
