North South University
Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering
CSE 115L (Programming Language I Lab)
Lab 4: Operators in C
Objective:
● Operators: Familiarize students with the different types of C programming operators.
Operators:
In C programming, operators are symbols that perform operations on variables or values. They are
classified into different categories based on their functionality.
1. Arithmetic Operators: These operators are used for basic mathematical operations.
Operators Operations
+ Addition
- Subtraction
* Multiplication
/ Division
% Modulus (remainder after division)
2. Assignment Operators: These operators assign values to variables.
= Simple assignment
+= Addition assignment
-= Subtraction assignment
*= Multiplication assignment
/= Division assignment
%= Modulus assignment
Example:
Arithmetic Operators Assignment Operators
#include <stdio.h> #include <stdio.h>
int main(void) { int main(void) {
int a = 10, b = 3; int x = 5;
int sum, diff, prod, quotient, remainder; int y = 10;
sum = a + b; // Addition x += y; // Equivalent to x = x + y;
diff = a - b; // Subtraction printf("x += y: %d\n", x);
prod = a * b; // Multiplication
quotient = a / b; // Division x -= y; // Equivalent to x = x - y;
remainder = a % b; // Modulus printf("x -= y: %d\n", x);
printf("Sum: %d\n", sum); x *= y; // Equivalent to x = x * y;
printf("Difference: %d\n", diff); printf("x *= y: %d\n", x);
printf("Product: %d\n", prod);
printf("Quotient: %d\n", quotient); x /= y; // Equivalent to x = x / y;
printf("Remainder: %d\n", remainder); printf("x /= y: %d\n", x);
return 0; x %= y; // Equivalent to x = x % y;
} printf("x %%= y: %d\n", x);
return 0;
}
3. Increment/Decrement Operators: These operators increase or decrease the value of a
variable by 1.
++ Increment (can be used as prefix or
postfix)
-- Decrement (can be used as prefix or
postfix)
Typecasting:
Typecasting in programming refers to the process of converting a variable from one data type to
another. In C, this process can either be implicit or explicit.
Implicit: This happens automatically when you assign a value of one data type to a variable of
another type. The compiler automatically converts the value to the target type,
Explicit: This occurs when you manually convert a variable from one type to another using a type
cast operator. You can explicitly tell the compiler how you want a variable to be converted. This
is done by placing the desired data type in parentheses before the variable.
Example:
Implicit Explicit
#include <stdio.h> #include <stdio.h>
int main(void) { int main() {
int a = 5; float a = 5.67;
float b; int b;
// Implicit typecasting (int to float) // Explicit typecasting (float to int)
b = a; b = (int) a;
printf("The value of b is: %.2f\n", b); // printf("The value of b is: %d\n", b); //
Output: 5.00 Output: 5
return 0; return 0;
} }
Division problem:
#include <stdio.h>
int main(void) {
int a = 5, b = 2;
float result, new;
result = a / b; // Integer division
new = (float)a/b; //Typecasting
printf("Result of %d / %d = %.2f\n", a, b, result); // Output: Result of 5 / 2 = 2.00
printf("Result of %d / %d = %.2f\n", a, b, new); // Output: Result of 5 / 2 = 2.50
return 0;
}
Practice:
Write a program to take two integers as input and Take an integer as input and update it using
perform Sum, Difference, Product. assignment operators (+=, -=, *=, /=, %=).
Print the values after each operation.
#include <stdio.h> #include <stdio.h>
int main(void) { int main(void) {
int num1, num2; int num;
// Taking input from the user // Taking input from the user
printf("Enter two integers: "); printf("Enter an integer: ");
scanf("%d %d", &num1, &num2); scanf("%d", &num);
// Performing calculations // Using assignment operators
int sum = num1 + num2; num += 5; // num = num + 5
int difference = num1 - num2; printf("After += 5: %d\n", num);
int product = num1 * num2;
num -= 3; // num = num - 3
// Displaying results printf("After -= 3: %d\n", num);
printf("Sum: %d\n", sum);
printf("Difference: %d\n", difference); num *= 2; // num = num * 2
printf("Product: %d\n", product); printf("After *= 2: %d\n", num);
return 0; num /= 4; // num = num / 4
} printf("After /= 4: %d\n", num);
num %= 5; // num = num % 5
printf("After %%= 5: %d\n", num); //
%% is used to print %
return 0;
}
Homework:
1. Write a program to calculate the area of a circle. Take the radius from user.
(Circle area = π * r * r) and π = 3.1416
Sample output:
2. Write a program to calculate the Square and Cube of a Number and *= for both
operations.
Sample output:
3. Write a program to convert Fahrenheit to Celsius. C = (F - 32) * 5/9
Sample output:
