ORAL COMMUNICATION
The Functions,
Nature, and
Process of
Communication
What is COMMUNICATION?
❑ It is the act of transferring
information from one person to
another person or a group.
❑ Involves at least one sender, a
message, and a receiver; but
communication is more than just a
transmission of information.
❑ It requires success in transmitting
or sending a message.
Communication is a process of
sharing and conveying messages or
information from
one person to another within and
across channels, contexts, media,
and cultures
(McCornack, 2014).
Nature of Communication
Communication is a process. It takes
place when two or more people
exchange ideas either through written
or spoken words (verbal) or actions
(nonverbal). Both verbal and nonverbal
can be used at the same time.
Functions of
Communication
There are five functions of communication. These
are regulation or control, social interaction,
motivation, information, and emotional expression.
1. Regulation / Control
– Communication functions to control
behavior. It can be used to regulate the
nature and number of activities people
engage in.
“Take your medicine before you go to bed.”
“Finish your work before you go.”
2. Social Interaction –
Communication allows people to interact with
others to develop bonds or intimacy. It also
allows individuals to express desires,
encouragement, needs, and decision or to give
and get information.
“Would you like to go to church with me?”
“Come on! You can do it!”
3. Motivation
Communication persuades or encourages
another person to change his/her opinion,
attitude, and behavior.
“You’re on the right track. Keep up the good work.”
“My dream is to finish my Senior High School despite
this pandemic”.
4. Emotional Expression
Communication facilitates people’s expression
of their feelings such as love, fear, anger,
joy, hope, or any other emotion.
“I’m so happy to have you in my life.”
“I like you so much.”
5. Information
Communication functions to convey
information. It can be used in giving and
getting information.
“The Philippine Normal University was founded in 1901.”
“You can find the bathroom right next to this door”
The Process of Communication
The Process of Communication
The diagram above shows the basic steps.
1. The speaker develops an idea to be sent.
2. The speaker encodes the idea or converts it to words or actions.
3. The speaker transmits or sends out the idea using a specific
medium or channel.
4. The receiver gets the message and decodes or interprets it.
5. The receiver provides or sends feedback.
At any point of the communication process, noise may take place and
hinder the flow of communication process.
SENDER
The sender is the one who initiates the message that needs to be
transmitted. He sends the message that may be in different
forms such as pictures, symbols, postures, gestures, or even just
a smile. After generating the idea, he sends it in such a manner
that can be understood clearly by the receiver.
MESSAGE
Message refers to the information intended to be
communicated by words as in
speech, letters, pictures, or symbols. It can be
verbal or non-verbal. It is the content
the sender wants to convey to the receiver.
ENCODING
It is the process of expressing the idea into appropriate
medium. It may be verbal or non-verbal. The sender may
put the message into a series of symbols, words, pictures
or gestures
CHANNEL
It refers the medium or passage through which
encoded message is passed to the receiver. It may
be transmitted through face-to-face
communication, telephone, radio, television,
memorandum, or computer.
RECEIVER
Receiver refers to whom the message is meant for. He
plays a significant role in the communication process like
the sender. He needs to comprehend the message sent.
His translation of the message received depends on
his/her knowledge of the subject matter of the message,
experience, and relationship with the sender.
DECODING
It means translating the encoded message into a
language that can be understood
by the receiver. After receiving the message, the
receiver interprets it and tries to
understand it.
FEEDBACK
It refers to the response of the receiver to
the message sent to him/her by the sender.
Feedback ensures that the message has been
effectively encoded and decoded.
Noise
It is a hindrance to communication. This can take place at any step in the entire
communication process. Noise is considered as
a barrier to effective communication.
PHYSICAL PSYCHOLOGICAL
NOISE NOISE
- loud music,
- an irritating sound of an Refers to qualities in
us that affect how we
engine of a machine PHYSIOLOGICAL
communicate and
- a classmate who talks to interpret others such
you while the teacher is When the body as prejudice and any
giving a lecture. becomes the hindrance feeling can interfere
to communication such with communication.
as headache,
toothache, or hunger.
Thank
You!
